聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包由炸(zha)(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔板(ban)、殼體、引(yin)信和(he)支架等(deng)部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng),其(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)及對聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包威力(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響分述如(ru)下(xia)。1.炸(zha)(zha)(zha),炸(zha)(zha)(zha)是(shi)(shi)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆破的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan),炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆壓(ya)(ya)(ya)越(yue)大,聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威力(li)越(yue)大;為(wei)得(de)到(dao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)爆壓(ya)(ya)(ya),需高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)爆速、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)密(mi)度的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)。常用(yong)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)有(you)(you)(you)梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)(zha)(zha)等(deng),裝(zhuang)方法有(you)(you)(you)熔鑄,塑裝(zhuang)和(he)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)裝(zhuang)多種(zhong)。2.型(xing)罩(zhao),型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)把炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)體材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)射流動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),從而提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)穿透和(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料必須滿足四點要求,即可壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)小、密(mi)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)延展性(xing)好,在形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射流中(zhong)不汽化。大量(liang)試(shi)驗證(zheng)明,用(yong)紫銅(tong)制作(zuo)型(xing)罩(zhao)效果好,其(qi)次為(wei)鑄鐵、鋼和(he)陶瓷。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣,主(zhu)要有(you)(you)(you)軸對稱(cheng)型(xing),如(ru)圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng);面對稱(cheng)型(xing),常見的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)用(yong)于切割(ge)屬板(ban)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)用(yong)于切割(ge)管材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩種(zhong);中(zhong)心對稱(cheng)型(xing),這(zhe)種(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包,中(zhong)心有(you)(you)(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外(wai)敷設炸(zha)(zha)(zha),若(ruo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在瞬(shun)間同時(shi)起(qi)爆,可在空腔中(zhong)心點獲得(de)極大的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)。在工(gong)程中(zhong)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)和(he)面對稱(cheng)型(xing)兩類(lei)型(xing)罩(zhao)。
火索起爆法,導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有:導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專業雙向爆破聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活,使用方便,成本較低,廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病,在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法,雙向爆破聚能管廠家用導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)包(bao)的(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)叫導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。先用雷管起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo),當導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳至(zhi)炸藥(yao)包(bao)時,將(jiang)炸藥(yao)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需(xu)要延(yan)時分段起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)地方,將(jiang)導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)中接(jie)(jie)入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管,就能達到導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。這(zhe)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破法(fa)(fa)所(suo)需(xu)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)材料有(you):雷管、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管等(deng)。導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常(chang)用的(de)(de)有(you):串聯、簇并(bing)聯、單向(xiang)分段并(bing)聯和雙向(xiang)分段并(bing)聯等(deng)。
1、先(xian)試探性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)咨(zi)(zi)詢制造商(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員:您(nin)要(yao)訂(ding)爆(bao)(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)型號(hao)中字(zi)母表示(shi)意(yi)思;規格(ge)中的(de)(de)(de)數字(zi)表示(shi)意(yi)思;執行標準中的(de)(de)(de)字(zi)母及(ji)數字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)表示(shi)意(yi)思。如果制造商(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員回(hui)答時支支吾吾、一(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)半解(jie)甚至一(yi)無所(suo)知(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)想而知(zhi)(zhi),其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)(liang)如何。2、任何一(yi)種產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)都(dou)有(you)其(qi)(qi)適用(yong)(yong)范圍和一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環(huan)境。咨(zi)(zi)詢您(nin)要(yao)訂(ding)爆(bao)(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)、具體使(shi)用(yong)(yong)辦法、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環(huan)境要(yao)求。如果制造商(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員給您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)答復與(yu)您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求不(bu)(bu)一(yi)致,應判(pan)定為:爆(bao)(bao)破線(xian)制造商(shang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)型號(hao)規格(ge)單一(yi)或者其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)只(zhi)是對其(qi)(qi)他廠商(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)簡(jian)單模仿(fang)。3、正(zheng)規產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)都(dou)有(you)其(qi)(qi)科學的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工藝和流(liu)程。原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)合(he)格(ge)供應商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)選擇評定→原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)購進(jin)、運(yun)輸、儲(chu)存、保(bao)管→生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程質量(liang)(liang)控制→不(bu)(bu)合(he)格(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)處置(zhi)及(ji)糾正(zheng)措施→運(yun)輸交付→售(shou)(shou)后服務均有(you)嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)操作規程。咨(zi)(zi)詢爆(bao)(bao)破線(xian)制造商(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員任何一(yi)個節點(dian),就可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)是否有(you)能(neng)力(生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)管理(li)水平、專(zhuan)業設備及(ji)過程檢測(ce)設備)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)出(chu)合(he)格(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。
聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)法(fa)特點是:不(bu)需要(yao)打眼,因而(er)不(bu)需要(yao)購買(mai)打眼設備和動(dong)力設備;施工(gong)(gong)簡單(dan),施工(gong)(gong)進度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆破(po)(po)法(fa)快(kuai)安全性(xing)比(bi)普通淺(qian)眼爆破(po)(po)法(fa)和普通裸露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞動(dong)強度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆破(po)(po)法(fa)低。制造聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you):黑(hei)索(suo)金(jin)和梯恩梯混(hun)合(he)熔鑄型(xing);乳化(hua)油炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)和黑(hei)索(suo)金(jin)混(hun)裝(zhuang)型(xing)和二號巖石硝鉸炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制型(xing)。根(gen)據使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)證明,選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)密度(du)較大(da)和爆速較高的(de)(de)(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)制造聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)獲得較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)效(xiao)果(guo)。這主(zhu)要(yao)是由(you)于(yu)它加工(gong)(gong)簡單(dan)和破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)能(neng)(neng)力較大(da)。在礦山(shan)由(you)于(yu)二次破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)消耗的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)較多,而(er)且金(jin)屬(shu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)費(fei)工(gong)(gong)又費(fei)材料,所以多不(bu)采用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩。國(guo)內生產的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)大(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao),裝(zhuang)置聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)時,要(yao)將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)垂直裝(zhuang)在大(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)面上(shang),聚能(neng)(neng)穴朝下(xia)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)位置應選(xuan)在頂(ding)面的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何中心(xin)或附近較平整的(de)(de)(de)地(di)點。然后在上(shang)面覆(fu)蓋泥沙。