專業礦用型雙向聚能管水壓光面爆破技術,是在水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術,其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同,但在周邊眼中安裝專用聚能管裝置替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線,利用聚能管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用,形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面,對控制超欠挖具有良好效果,有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。紹興礦用型雙向聚能管科學(xue)合理地利(li)用能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源,提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源利(li)用效率,對節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減排也(ye)十分(fen)重要(yao)。利(li)用聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管兩端的水平(ping)開(kai)出的聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產生的聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)射流效應對巖石進行破碎。據專家測算,由于(yu)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管兩端聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產生的聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)切割效應,其能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效比(bi)提升(sheng)一個量級。
給大(da)家介紹下爆(bao)破聚(ju)能管(guan)的技術原理∶炸藥(yao)爆(bao)炸產生(sheng)的爆(bao)轟波通(tong)過聚(ju)能管(guan)的聚(ju)能槽,將炸藥(yao)的動(dong)能、勢能轉換(huan)成(cheng)高壓、高速、高能的射(she)流(liu),切(qie)割演示成(cheng)縫。射(she)流(liu)在(zai)孔壁產生(sheng)射(she)流(liu)壓力(li)達7000MPa,巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)載抗壓強度為200MPa,抗拉為1/8~1/10的抗壓強度,相鄰兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)孔互為鄰空面,疊加后(hou)的壓縮(suo)波變(bian)為稀(xi)疏(shu)波,在(zai)兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)眼(yan)連(lian)線上使(shi)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)構斷裂(lie)(lie),形成(cheng)裂(lie)(lie)紋。準(zhun)靜態(tai)氣體膨脹,靜態(tai)壓力(li)在(zai)兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)孔最短(duan)連(lian)線兩(liang)(liang)側產生(sheng)拉力(li)使(shi)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)裂(lie)(lie)縫進(jin)一步擴展。根據爆(bao)破應力(li)集(ji)中氣刃作用原則,爆(bao)破氣體沿裂(lie)(lie)縫進(jin)一步擴大(da)貫(guan)通(tong),拋(pao)落(luo)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)。
對于(yu)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業安(an)全技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)研究,是(shi)(shi)(shi)從兩個方(fang)面(mian)去考慮的(de)(de)(de),一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)炸(zha)和(he)(he)起(qi)爆(bao)器材以及對其爆(bao)炸(zha)所造成的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)壞作(zuo)用進行限制的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全技(ji)術,這是(shi)(shi)(shi)主動的(de)(de)(de)。另一(yi)個方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)所產生的(de)(de)(de)危害采取(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)防護措施,這是(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)動的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個方(fang)面(mian)。兩者(zhe)對阻止爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)帶來的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)壞性(xing)有(you)同樣的(de)(de)(de)重要性(xing),但在具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong),則常常會有(you)變(bian)化不(bu)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)和(he)(he)后果,因此,必須(xu)對每(mei)一(yi)項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程破(po)(po)(po)壞的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體情況作(zuo)細致的(de)(de)(de)分析研究,從而(er)采取(qu)(qu)適當的(de)(de)(de)對策。同時,雖然技(ji)術不(bu)斷取(qu)(qu)得進步,須(xu)在操(cao)作(zuo)過(guo)程中(zhong)注意每(mei)個工(gong)(gong)序,按(an)照安(an)全規程認真(zhen)作(zuo)業。只(zhi)要嚴格遵(zun)守安(an)全規程、正確地采取(qu)(qu)安(an)全技(ji)術措施和(he)(he)防護措施,任何(he)(he)規模、任何(he)(he)種類的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)是(shi)(shi)(shi)可以確保安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)些安(an)全規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)條文是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)經驗(yan)教(jiao)訓和(he)(he)理論根據的(de)(de)(de),有(you)的(de)(de)(de)甚至是(shi)(shi)(shi)血的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)訓的(de)(de)(de)總結,所以一(yi)定(ding)(ding)要克服麻痹思想,嚴格執行安(an)全規定(ding)(ding),決(jue)不(bu)能(neng)以沒出(chu)過(guo)事(shi)故而(er)輕率地"突破(po)(po)(po)"規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)"框(kuang)框(kuang)"。
在(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong),常用的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you):電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)能使(shi)雷(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸,進(jin)而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所需的(de)(de)(de)器材(cai)有(you):電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管、導(dao)線(xian)和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接形式,要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工程的(de)(de)(de)重要性、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)等進(jin)行選擇,基本連(lian)接方式有(you):串(chuan)聯(lian)、并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)、串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)和(he)并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)聯(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)安全、可(ke)靠、準確、高效等優點,在(zai)國內外仍占有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)比(bi)重。在(zai)大(da)(da)、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong),主要仍是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別是在(zai)有(you)瓦斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),因此(ci)在(zai)有(you)雜(za)散電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong),不能使(shi)用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管。