不成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事例是(shi)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)而不倒(dao)、實施定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破后沒有(you)按爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向倒(dao)塌等(deng)等(deng)。這(zhe)些(xie)事例警示:從爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破設計、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破器材質量(liang)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破施工(gong)(gong)到(dao)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)網路連接等(deng)，只要(yao)有(you)一個(ge)環節出(chu)現失(shi)(shi)誤，都(dou)將影響爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，乃(nai)至造成嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后果。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破作業無論是(shi)老(lao)舊建(jian)筑(zhu)物本身還是(shi)周圍環境都(dou)十分(fen)復雜(za)，這(zhe)不僅要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)認(ren)真調(diao)查爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(包括施工(gong)(gong)缺陷)，分(fen)析受力狀況，同(tong)時還要(yao)對(dui)(dui)采取技(ji)術措(cuo)施(如(ru)預處理、嵌補、支撐等(deng))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠(kao)和(he)(he)安全(quan)(quan)性(xing)進行(xing)分(fen)析，對(dui)(dui)可能出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意外情況，應(ying)預先制(zhi)定應(ying)急方(fang)(fang)案，努力避免安全(quan)(quan)事故(gu)和(he)(he)不必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失(shi)(shi)。工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環保(bao)性(xing)越來(lai)越受到(dao)人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)注，同(tong)時，探索(suo)無公(gong)害的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拆除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術，一直(zhi)是(shi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破工(gong)(gong)作者追求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標。設立掩蔽(bi)體對(dui)(dui)物體加以保(bao)護(hu)，簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)草袋、竹(zhu)笆一類材料(liao)覆(fu)蓋在(zai)需要(yao)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物體上(shang)面(mian);對(dui)(dui)房屋(wu)和(he)(he)機器設備常要(yao)在(zai)迎面(mian)和(he)(he)頂部(bu)豎立排架，用(yong)(yong)木板或(huo)荊笆上(shang)罩鐵絲網，抵御(yu)較多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飛石和(he)(he)較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣沖(chong)擊波的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)擊;對(dui)(dui)某(mou)些(xie)重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)物打(da)防震孔或(huo)者用(yong)(yong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破將爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破區和(he)(he)被(bei)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)物或(huo)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設施隔離(li)開來(lai)。

預(yu)裂(lie)與(yu)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術的歷史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)(xian)狀：預(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)是(shi)(shi)沿設(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界布(bu)置密集炮(pao)孔(kong)，采取不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或裝(zhuang)填低威力炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)與(yu)保(bao)留區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)形成(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)裂(lie)縫，以減弱主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)對保(bao)留巖體的破(po)(po)(po)壞并形成(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)(ye)。光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)是(shi)(shi)沿設(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界布(bu)設(she)密集炮(pao)孔(kong)，采用(yong)不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或裝(zhuang)填低威力炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的以形成(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)的開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)(ye)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術的發展是(shi)(shi)先出現(xian)(xian)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，然后(hou)(hou)衍(yan)生發展為預(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)。聚(ju)能管國(guo)內歷史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)(xian)狀，我國(guo)于1964～1965年在(zai)(zai)湖北陸水水電站施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)做過(guo)淺(qian)孔(kong)預(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)試驗(yan)，1965年鐵道部門在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)昆鐵路建設(she)中(zhong)開(kai)始試驗(yan)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，1977年在(zai)(zai)西延線張家船工(gong)點，全長近(jin)200m的2000m2路塹(qian)邊坡全部采用(yong)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)后(hou)(hou)邊坡平(ping)整(zheng)穩定，殘(can)留的半孔(kong)清晰可見，是(shi)(shi)鐵路建設(she)中(zhong)采用(yong)路塹(qian)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵構(gou)成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑性材料制成(cheng)，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小(xiao)于正常炮(pao)眼內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度(du)可(ke)隨爆破需(xu)要生(sheng)產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩端(duan)(duan)各(ge)有(you)外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)，兩端(duan)(duan)外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)間有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)縱向切縫，切縫間等(deng)距有(you)加強筋，前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽呈傘(san)狀(zhuang)，傘(san)形(xing)尖有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)光孔，兩側直壁內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)端(duan)(duan)螺(luo)紋(wen)配合，帽體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵為一(yi)(yi)(yi)封(feng)蓋(gai)，外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)端(duan)(duan)螺(luo)紋(wen)配合。可(ke)根據炮(pao)眼深度(du)采用合適(shi)的(de)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他工(gong)具幫助送(song)入炮(pao)眼，切縫方向準確，兩端(duan)(duan)的(de)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與炮(pao)眼內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)同(tong)心(xin)，定(ding)(ding)(ding)向準確。且利于工(gong)業化生(sheng)產(chan)，作業安全(quan)

專用爆破聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。淮北爆破聚能管水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)比水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)每循環節約費用258.4元，即(ji)每延米節約76較元，節約費用比例達32%。此外(wai)，聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)能有效降低隧(sui)道(dao)(dao)內石(shi)渣塊度和粉塵(chen)含(han)量(liang)，還可使通風(feng)時間有效縮短(duan)33%。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工藝技術(shu)很成(cheng)(cheng)熟、可操作性很強(qiang)、材料成(cheng)(cheng)本很低、施工速度很快、節能環保(bao)效果(guo)很顯著(zhu)、經濟(ji)效益社會效益很高(gao)。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管定向(xiang)(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)是(shi)近(jin)幾年發展起來(lai)的(de)一項掘進新技術(shu),這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)與傳統的(de)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)有一定的(de)差別(bie),聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管定向(xiang)(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)原(yuan)理是(shi)在(zai)巷道(dao)(dao)周(zhou)邊眼(yan)中(zhong),將(jiang)炸裝(zhuang)在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管中(zhong)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)時利用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能作用,以減少(shao)裂隙的(de)數(shu)量(liang)和控制(zhi)優(you)勢裂隙的(de)發展方向(xiang)(xiang)。