日照雙向爆破聚能管發揮巨大效力的關鍵又在其上面的“聚能槽”上。項目部目前采用的聚能管有兩個“聚能槽”，通過這兩個聚能槽的作用讓爆炸的威力在隧道中切割出十分平順的輪廓線，的控制了爆破量，有效管控了超挖欠挖的現象。為了進一步嚴格控制開挖輪廓，達到提高光面爆破效果的目的，并研究出了聚能管上兩個“聚能槽”變為三個“聚能槽”的發明設計，目前，雙向爆破聚能管廠家該發(fa)明設計已(yi)經(jing)進入(ru)到(dao)了試生產階段。未來，三“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”設計的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)水壓爆破技(ji)術將推動(dong)中鐵十四(si)局四(si)公司張吉懷鐵路項(xiang)目(mu)部施工開展邁上(shang)一個新的(de)(de)臺階，給項(xiang)目(mu)部帶(dai)來巨大的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益。工程爆破技(ji)術經(jing)過幾十年的(de)(de)發(fa)展，已(yi)經(jing)滲透到(dao)經(jing)濟建設的(de)(de)眾多(duo)領(ling)域，特(te)別(bie)為(wei)中國的(de)(de)鐵路建設、礦(kuang)山(shan)開采(cai)、城(cheng)市拆(chai)舊定向爆破等做出了重要(yao)貢獻。

施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝嚴格遵循六字方針(掛滿(man)(man)、貼(tie)緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)(zhi)量,炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求合理(li)布置。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其(qi)他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)(zhi)量,一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在規定位置上打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)裝藥時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)乳化(hua)炸藥在聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)空內(nei)壁中(zhong)填充飽滿(man)(man)不得有空隙出現時以(yi)產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝填時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩條聚(ju)能(neng)槽指(zhi)向(xiang)巷(xiang)道輪廓線方向(xiang)并(bing)且各個炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)槽軸線方面要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)相互連(lian)接在隧道輪廓線上。否則成型效果(guo)不僅不好,反而更差(cha)。(5)保證(zheng)(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)(zhi)量。(6)放炮員應提前按規定裝好聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好準備工(gong)(gong)作。試用范(fan)圍:一(yi)級至五級圍巖的(de)光面爆破工(gong)(gong)程。

水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較(jiao)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，在周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼單(dan)循環火工品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)量上節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼鉆孔(kong)數量從39個(ge)下降為23個(ge)費用(yong)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土噴(pen)射(she)每(mei)延米(mi)(mi)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比(bi)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每(mei)循環節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)258.4元，即每(mei)延米(mi)(mi)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元，節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)比(bi)例(li)達32%。此外，聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)降低(di)隧道內石渣塊(kuai)度(du)和粉塵(chen)含(han)量，還可(ke)使(shi)通風(feng)時(shi)間有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)縮(suo)短33%。聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工藝(yi)技術很(hen)成熟、可(ke)操作(zuo)性(xing)很(hen)強、材料成本很(hen)低(di)、施工速度(du)很(hen)快、節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環保效(xiao)(xiao)果很(hen)顯著、經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益社會效(xiao)(xiao)益很(hen)高。聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術是(shi)近幾年發展起(qi)來的一項掘進新技術,這種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術與傳統的光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術有(you)一定(ding)的差別,聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理(li)是(shi)在巷道周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼中,將(jiang)炸(zha)裝在聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管中起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時(shi)利(li)用(yong)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管的聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)用(yong),以減少裂隙的數量和控制優(you)勢裂隙的發展方向(xiang)。

聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)法(fa)(fa)特點是(shi):不需要(yao)打眼(yan)，因(yin)而不需要(yao)購買打眼(yan)設(she)備和(he)動力設(she)備;施工(gong)簡(jian)(jian)單，施工(gong)進度(du)比(bi)淺眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)快安全性比(bi)普通淺眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)和(he)普通裸露藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)好;勞(lao)動強度(du)比(bi)淺眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)低。制(zhi)造聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)炸藥(yao)有(you):黑索金和(he)梯恩梯混合熔鑄型(xing);乳化油炸藥(yao)和(he)黑索金混裝(zhuang)型(xing)和(he)二(er)(er)號巖石(shi)硝鉸炸藥(yao)壓制(zhi)型(xing)。根據使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)結(jie)果證(zheng)明，選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)密度(du)較(jiao)大(da)和(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)高的(de)(de)炸藥(yao)制(zhi)造聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)獲得較(jiao)好的(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)效果。這主要(yao)是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)它加工(gong)簡(jian)(jian)單和(he)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)能(neng)力較(jiao)大(da)。在(zai)礦山由于(yu)(yu)二(er)(er)次(ci)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)消耗的(de)(de)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)較(jiao)多(duo)，而且金屬(shu)藥(yao)型(xing)罩的(de)(de)加工(gong)費(fei)工(gong)又費(fei)材料，所以多(duo)不采用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)型(xing)罩。國(guo)內生產的(de)(de)一種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)大(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，裝(zhuang)置(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)時，要(yao)將藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)垂直裝(zhuang)在(zai)大(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)頂面(mian)上，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)穴朝下。藥(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)位置(zhi)應選(xuan)在(zai)頂面(mian)的(de)(de)幾何中心或附(fu)近較(jiao)平整(zheng)的(de)(de)地點。然(ran)后(hou)在(zai)上面(mian)覆蓋泥沙(sha)。