火索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法是利用(yong)(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火索(suo)(suo)(suo)傳(chuan)遞火焰點(dian)燃(ran)(ran)火雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)進而起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)。這種起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法所(suo)需的(de)材料有(you)：導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火索(suo)(suo)(suo)、火雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)和點(dian)火材料。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法操作簡單(dan)、靈活，使用(yong)(yong)方便，成本較低(di)，廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)小型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)和掘進。由于(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)速燃(ran)(ran)、緩燃(ran)(ran)等(deng)(deng)弊(bi)病，在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)事故所(suo)占比重最大。不能多處(chu)裝藥(yao)(yao)同時起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法，用(yong)(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)直接起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)的(de)方法叫導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法。先用(yong)(yong)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)，當導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳(chuan)至炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)時，將炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在(zai)需要(yao)延時分(fen)段(duan)(duan)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)中(zhong)接入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)，就能達到導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)目(mu)的(de)。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)法所(suo)需起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料有(you)：雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)有(you)：串(chuan)聯(lian)、簇并聯(lian)、單(dan)向(xiang)分(fen)段(duan)(duan)并聯(lian)和雙向(xiang)分(fen)段(duan)(duan)并聯(lian)等(deng)(deng)。

專用多向聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。多向聚能管公司型罩(zhao)的(de)(de)材料必須滿(man)足(zu)四(si)點要(yao)求，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)壓縮性(xing)小、密(mi)度高、塑(su)性(xing)和延展性(xing)好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流中(zhong)不汽化(hua)。大量(liang)試驗證(zheng)明，用紫銅制作(zuo)型罩(zhao)效果(guo)好，其次為(wei)鑄鐵、鋼和陶瓷。型罩(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種多(duo)樣，主要(yao)有軸對稱(cheng)型，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和喇(la)叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面(mian)對稱(cheng)型，常見(jian)的(de)(de)有用于(yu)切割屬板材的(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和用于(yu)切割管材的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能罩(zhao)兩種；中(zhong)心(xin)對稱(cheng)型，這種球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能包，中(zhong)心(xin)有球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空(kong)(kong)腔和球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設炸，若(ruo)能在(zai)瞬間同時起爆(bao)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)空(kong)(kong)腔中(zhong)心(xin)點獲得極(ji)大的(de)(de)能量(liang)集中(zhong)。在(zai)工(gong)程中(zhong)常用的(de)(de)是軸對稱(cheng)型和面(mian)對稱(cheng)型兩類型罩(zhao)。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)、前錐形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)、后(hou)(hou)定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)構成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)為塑(su)性材料制成(cheng)，呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正常(chang)炮(pao)眼內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可隨爆破需(xu)要生產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)兩(liang)端(duan)各有外(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)，兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)間有一(yi)(yi)縱向切(qie)縫(feng)，切(qie)縫(feng)間等距(ju)有加強筋，前錐形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)呈(cheng)傘(san)狀(zhuang)，傘(san)形尖有一(yi)(yi)光孔(kong)，兩(liang)側直(zhi)壁(bi)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前端(duan)螺紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)，帽(mao)(mao)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)為一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前錐形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)(hou)端(duan)螺紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)。可根(gen)據炮(pao)眼深度采用合(he)適的(de)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他(ta)工(gong)具幫(bang)助送入炮(pao)眼，切(qie)縫(feng)方(fang)向準(zhun)確，兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)前錐形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)和后(hou)(hou)定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，保(bao)證聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定(ding)向準(zhun)確。且利于(yu)(yu)工(gong)業化生產(chan)，作(zuo)業安全

采用一種(zhong)抗靜電阻(zu)燃的特種(zhong)塑料管(guan)、異(yi)形雙(shuang)槽(cao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)，根據炮眼(yan)(yan)深度可長可短。是兩(liang)個(ge)相似半(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)組成(cheng)，半(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)中央有個(ge)凹進(jin)去的槽(cao)叫做'聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)"，使用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)型(xing)效(xiao)果好，開挖輪廓線平順整(zheng)齊(qi)，圍巖(yan)擾動減(jian)少(shao)、超欠挖明顯改善，有利于支護工序(xu)施工，同時混凝土回填成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)大(da)為降(jiang)低(di)(di)。鑿孔率(lv)(lv)減(jian)少(shao)30%，大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)爆(bao)破(po)作業工班的勞動量:鉆孔縮(suo)短30分鐘、少(shao)打眼(yan)(yan)、出渣(zha)量減(jian)少(shao)，降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)材(cai)料成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)工時消耗、勞動效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)明顯提(ti)高(gao)，周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)降(jiang)低(di)(di)30%以上，半(ban)(ban)眼(yan)(yan)痕保留率(lv)(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)主要應用于隧道、煤礦(kuang)、鐵礦(kuang)等需要進(jin)行(xing)光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)施工的工程。采用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)可減(jian)少(shao)鉆孔，擴大(da)孔距，減(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用量，減(jian)少(shao)超挖，減(jian)少(shao)噴(pen)漿，提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)(ban)孔率(lv)(lv)，既節(jie)省了(le)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)又提(ti)高(gao)了(le)施工效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)。