南陽礦用型聚能管的軍事應用：聚能爆破技術，早在二次世界大戰期間就在軍事方面廣泛應用。國內在聚能破甲技術如大錐角反艦導彈戰斗部和大錐角反坦克地雷以及敏感彈戰斗部等方面取得了較為快速的發展，我國20世紀60年代打破國外技術封鎖獨立自主研發成功原子彈就是得力于聚能爆破技術轟擊核裝置而引爆原子彈。專業礦用型聚能管的(de)民爆(bao)(bao)應用(yong)——切槽爆(bao)(bao)破技術：聚能爆(bao)(bao)破用(yong)于工程建(jian)設也是20世紀(ji)60年代開(kai)(kai)始的(de)，首先(xian)是瑞典的(de)U﹒Langefors提(ti)出(chu)孔壁切槽爆(bao)(bao)破利用(yong)槽口應力集中(zhong)定向開(kai)(kai)裂的(de)設想，后(hou)經(jing)W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證是有效的(de)。70年代國外(wai)廣(guang)泛研究(jiu)和應用(yong)了切槽爆(bao)(bao)破技術。

各種爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材銷毀以及爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材意外爆(bao)(bao)炸時(shi)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)源與(yu)人員和其他保護(hu)對(dui)象之間(jian)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)應取各種爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)應（地震、沖擊波、飛(fei)石(shi)、有毒氣體等）分別(bie)核定的(de)大值。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)時(shi)，必然產生爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震、空氣沖擊波、碎石(shi)飛(fei)散(san)及有害(hai)氣體，因(yin)此，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)設計(ji)時(shi)必須確(que)(que)定爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)危害(hai)范圍，并確(que)(que)定爆(bao)(bao)點到(dao)附近(jin)人員、設備(bei)、建筑物及井巷等的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，這一(yi)段距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。如何控制好這段距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就顯的(de)尤為(wei)重要。為(wei)保證爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地點與(yu)人員或其他應保護(hu)對(dui)象之間(jian)必須保持短的(de)相隔(ge)長(chang)度。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有害(hai)效(xiao)應隨距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)的(de)增加(jia)有規律(lv)地衰減，用(yong)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)作為(wei)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)尺度可限定爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有害(hai)效(xiao)應在允許限度之內。中(zhong)國《爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)規程》規定了爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，個別(bie)飛(fei)散(san)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，以及爆(bao)(bao)炸沖擊波的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。

是將炸(zha)藥裝在(zai)(zai)(zai)聚能(neng)管(guan)內，兩頭均放置了(le)水(shui)(shui)袋，聚能(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)炸(zha)產(chan)生的(de)高溫高壓(ya)射流，讓水(shui)(shui)袋產(chan)生“水(shui)(shui)楔(xie)”效(xiao)應,使(shi)圍巖裂縫加劇延伸擴展(zhan)。它是在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)基礎上(shang)發展(zhan)起(qi)來(lai)的(de)一(yi)項新(xin)技(ji)術，區別只(zhi)是在(zai)(zai)(zai)周邊眼中安(an)裝專用線性聚能(neng)藥管(guan)替代常規爆(bao)(bao)破(po)藥卷和傳爆(bao)(bao)線，只(zhi)要(yao)做到(dao)七大關鍵環節：水(shui)(shui)袋挺拔(ba)飽(bao)滿、炮泥軟(ruan)硬適(shi)中、水(shui)(shui)袋裝填(tian)到(dao)底、炮泥回填(tian)到(dao)口、木棍逐節搗固、水(shui)(shui)藥緊密相連、槽(cao)面(mian)必須平行(xing)，就能(neng)對控制超(chao)欠挖起(qi)到(dao)良好(hao)效(xiao)果(guo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)推廣水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)基礎上(shang)，去(qu)年9月，水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)聚能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)成(cheng)果(guo)上(shang)，今年更為(wei)深入地在(zai)(zai)(zai)興泉(quan)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)大嶺隧道、牡(mu)佳(jia)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)麻山(shan)隧道采用了(le)此項技(ji)術，積累了(le)成(cheng)功經驗。

是由管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)、后定(ding)格(ge)堵構成，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑性材料制成，呈管(guan)狀，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)炮眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度(du)可(ke)隨爆破需要生(sheng)產，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩端(duan)各有(you)(you)外(wai)螺紋(wen)(wen)，兩端(duan)外(wai)螺紋(wen)(wen)間有(you)(you)一(yi)縱向切(qie)縫(feng)(feng)，切(qie)縫(feng)(feng)間等距有(you)(you)加強筋，前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)呈傘(san)狀，傘(san)形尖有(you)(you)一(yi)光孔，兩側直壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺紋(wen)(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)(qian)端(duan)螺紋(wen)(wen)配合(he)，帽(mao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)格(ge)堵為一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致(zhi)，后定(ding)格(ge)堵內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺紋(wen)(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后端(duan)螺紋(wen)(wen)配合(he)。可(ke)根據(ju)炮眼深度(du)采(cai)用(yong)合(he)適的(de)聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需其他(ta)工具(ju)幫助送(song)入炮眼，切(qie)縫(feng)(feng)方向準(zhun)確(que)，兩端(duan)的(de)前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)和后定(ding)格(ge)堵外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致(zhi)，保證聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)同心，定(ding)向準(zhun)確(que)。且利(li)于(yu)(yu)工業化生(sheng)產，作業安全

我國于1983年制(zhi)定了(le)(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)巖行(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)開挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自此，在(zai)水(shui)利水(shui)電(dian)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中預(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)必(bi)須進(jin)行(xing)的(de)保護邊(bian)(bian)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)質量(liang)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)開挖(wa)(wa)技(ji)術措施(shi)(shi)。此后在(zai)此基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)修(xiu)(xiu)訂的(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)巖石(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)開挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以(yi)及在(zai)《水(shui)電(dian)水(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)巖石(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)開挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)均被編入并有所改進(jin)，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)編為(wei)(wei)DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)(tie)道(dao)部也不僅規(gui)(gui)定了(le)(le)凡是Ⅲ級以(yi)上(shang)的(de)巖石(shi)邊(bian)(bian)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)，設(she)(she)計邊(bian)(bian)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)度為(wei)(wei)1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊(bian)(bian)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)部位的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)設(she)(she)計和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)都應(ying)(ying)采(cai)用光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)或預(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，并闡述了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術設(she)(she)計的(de)原則(ze)和(he)參數、安全措施(shi)(shi)，而且還明(ming)確了(le)(le)路塹邊(bian)(bian)坡(po)(po)(po)(po)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)項(xiang)目質量(liang)驗收檢(jian)測數量(liang)和(he)檢(jian)測方(fang)法。無疑(yi)該規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)的(de)實施(shi)(shi)，有力地(di)推動和(he)促進(jin)了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術在(zai)鐵(tie)(tie)路建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中的(de)應(ying)(ying)用與(yu)發展。