在工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中，常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使(shi)雷管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進(jin)(jin)而起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)(suo)需的(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)、導(dao)線和(he)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的(de)(de)連接形式(shi)，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)方法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)規模(mo)、工程的(de)(de)重要(yao)性、所(suo)(suo)選(xuan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力等進(jin)(jin)行選(xuan)擇，基本連接方式(shi)有(you)：串(chuan)聯(lian)、并聯(lian)、串(chuan)并聯(lian)和(he)并串(chuan)聯(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準確、高(gao)效等優(you)點，在國內外(wai)仍占有(you)較(jiao)大比重。在大、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中，主(zhu)要(yao)仍是用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在有(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環(huan)境中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容(rong)易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的(de)(de)干(gan)擾(rao)而發生(sheng)早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環(huan)境中，不能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)。

專用爆破多向聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。爆破多向聚能管廠家型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的材(cai)料(liao)必(bi)須滿(man)足四(si)點要求，即可壓縮性小、密度高、塑性和延展性好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)成射流(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)不汽(qi)化。大量試驗證(zheng)明，用紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩效果好，其次為鑄鐵、鋼和陶瓷(ci)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的形(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣(yang)，主要有(you)軸對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋(pao)物線形(xing)(xing)和喇叭(ba)形(xing)(xing)等；面(mian)對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的有(you)用于切割屬板材(cai)的直線形(xing)(xing)和用于切割管(guan)材(cai)的環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)罩兩(liang)種(zhong)；中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔和球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩外(wai)敷設(she)炸，若能(neng)在(zai)瞬間同時起爆，可在(zai)空腔中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)點獲(huo)得極大的能(neng)量集中(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)常用的是(shi)軸對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和面(mian)對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)法特點是(shi):不需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)打眼(yan)，因而(er)不需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)購買打眼(yan)設備和(he)動(dong)力設備;施工簡單(dan)，施工進度比淺(qian)(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法快(kuai)安全性比普通淺(qian)(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法和(he)普通裸(luo)露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)法好;勞動(dong)強度比淺(qian)(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法低(di)。制造聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)所采用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有:黑索金和(he)梯恩梯混(hun)合熔(rong)鑄(zhu)型(xing);乳化(hua)油炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)黑索金混(hun)裝型(xing)和(he)二號(hao)巖石硝鉸炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制型(xing)。根(gen)據(ju)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)結(jie)果證明(ming)，選用(yong)(yong)(yong)密度較(jiao)大和(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)高的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制造聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)能(neng)(neng)獲得較(jiao)好的(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)效果。這主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)它加工簡單(dan)和(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)能(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)大。在礦山由于(yu)(yu)二次(ci)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)消耗(hao)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)較(jiao)多，而(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)加工費工又費材料，所以多不采用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩(zhao)。國內(nei)生產的(de)一(yi)種用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)大塊的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)，裝置(zhi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)時，要(yao)(yao)將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)垂直(zhi)裝在大塊的(de)頂(ding)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)穴朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)位(wei)置(zhi)應選在頂(ding)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)幾何中(zhong)心或附近較(jiao)平整的(de)地(di)點。然后在上面(mian)(mian)(mian)覆蓋泥沙。

1、先試探性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)咨(zi)詢(xun)制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人(ren)(ren)員：您(nin)要(yao)訂爆(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)型(xing)(xing)號(hao)中(zhong)字(zi)母表示意(yi)(yi)思；規格(ge)(ge)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數字(zi)表示意(yi)(yi)思；執行標準中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)字(zi)母及(ji)數字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表示意(yi)(yi)思。如果制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人(ren)(ren)員回答時支支吾吾、一(yi)(yi)知半解甚(shen)至一(yi)(yi)無所知，可想而(er)知，其生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)如何(he)(he)。2、任(ren)(ren)何(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)種產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)都(dou)有(you)其適(shi)用(yong)(yong)范圍和一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環境。咨(zi)詢(xun)您(nin)要(yao)訂爆(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能、具體使(shi)用(yong)(yong)辦法、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環境要(yao)求。如果制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人(ren)(ren)員給您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答復與您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求不一(yi)(yi)致，應判定為：爆(bao)破線(xian)制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)型(xing)(xing)號(hao)規格(ge)(ge)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)或者其生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)只是對(dui)其他廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簡單(dan)模仿。3、正規產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)都(dou)有(you)其科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)工藝和流程。原(yuan)材料合格(ge)(ge)供應商(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇評定→原(yuan)材料購進(jin)、運輸、儲存、保管(guan)→生(sheng)產(chan)過程質(zhi)量(liang)控(kong)制→不合格(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處置及(ji)糾正措施→運輸交付(fu)→售(shou)(shou)后服務(wu)均有(you)嚴格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作規程。咨(zi)詢(xun)爆(bao)破線(xian)制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人(ren)(ren)員任(ren)(ren)何(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)個節點(dian)，就可知其是否有(you)能力（生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理水平、專業設備(bei)及(ji)過程檢測設備(bei)）生(sheng)產(chan)出合格(ge)(ge)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。

水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術，是在水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術基礎上發展起(qi)來的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)項新技(ji)術，其掏槽(cao)眼(yan)、輔助眼(yan)裝藥(yao)結(jie)構(gou)和爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)方式與水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)相同，但在周邊眼(yan)中(zhong)安裝專用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝置替代常規(gui)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)藥(yao)卷和傳爆(bao)線(xian)，利用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)粒子射(she)流(liu)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)氣(qi)體應(ying)力及“氣(qi)楔”作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，形成平(ping)整圓(yuan)順的(de)(de)開挖輪(lun)廓面，對控制(zhi)超(chao)欠挖具有良好效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升了(le)隧道施工質量、進(jin)度和經濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益。科學(xue)合(he)理地利用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，提(ti)高能(neng)(neng)(neng)源利用(yong)(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率，對節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排也十分重要(yao)。利用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)開出的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)射(she)流(liu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)對巖(yan)石進(jin)行破(po)(po)(po)碎。據專家(jia)測算(suan)，由(you)于聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩(liang)端(duan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)切割(ge)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)，其能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)比(bi)提(ti)升一(yi)(yi)個(ge)量級。