1、先試探性的(de)(de)(de)咨詢(xun)制造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員(yuan)(yuan):您(nin)(nin)要訂爆(bao)破線產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)號中字母表示(shi)(shi)意思;規(gui)(gui)格中的(de)(de)(de)數字表示(shi)(shi)意思;執行(xing)標準中的(de)(de)(de)字母及數字的(de)(de)(de)表示(shi)(shi)意思。如果制造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員(yuan)(yuan)回答(da)時支(zhi)(zhi)支(zhi)(zhi)吾吾、一(yi)知半解甚至一(yi)無所知,可(ke)想而知,其生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)如何。2、任(ren)何一(yi)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品都有(you)其適用(yong)范圍和一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)環(huan)境。咨詢(xun)您(nin)(nin)要訂爆(bao)破線產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)、具體(ti)使(shi)用(yong)辦法、使(shi)用(yong)環(huan)境要求(qiu)。如果制造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員(yuan)(yuan)給您(nin)(nin)的(de)(de)(de)答(da)復與(yu)您(nin)(nin)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)不一(yi)致,應判定(ding)為:爆(bao)破線制造商(shang)(shang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品型(xing)號規(gui)(gui)格單(dan)一(yi)或(huo)者其生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品只是對其他廠商(shang)(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)簡(jian)單(dan)模(mo)仿。3、正規(gui)(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品都有(you)其科學的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工藝和流程(cheng)。原(yuan)材料合(he)格供應商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)選擇評定(ding)→原(yuan)材料購進、運輸(shu)、儲存(cun)、保管(guan)→生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)質量(liang)控(kong)制→不合(he)格品的(de)(de)(de)處置及糾正措(cuo)施→運輸(shu)交(jiao)付→售后服務均有(you)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)操作規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)。咨詢(xun)爆(bao)破線制造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員(yuan)(yuan)任(ren)何一(yi)個(ge)節點,就可(ke)知其是否有(you)能(neng)力(生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)理水平、專業設備(bei)及過(guo)程(cheng)檢測設備(bei))生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)出合(he)格產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。
是(shi)將炸藥裝(zhuang)在聚能管(guan)內,兩頭均(jun)放置了(le)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)袋,聚能管(guan)爆(bao)炸產生的(de)高溫高壓(ya)射流,讓水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)袋產生“水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)楔(xie)”效(xiao)應,使圍巖裂縫加劇延伸擴展(zhan)。它是(shi)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破基礎(chu)上(shang)發展(zhan)起來的(de)一項新(xin)技術,區(qu)別(bie)只是(shi)在周邊(bian)眼(yan)中安裝(zhuang)專用線(xian)性聚能藥管(guan)替代常規爆(bao)破藥卷和傳爆(bao)線(xian),只要做到(dao)七大(da)關(guan)鍵環節:水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)袋挺拔飽滿、炮泥(ni)軟(ruan)硬適(shi)中、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)袋裝(zhuang)填到(dao)底、炮泥(ni)回(hui)填到(dao)口(kou)、木棍(gun)逐節搗固、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)藥緊密相連、槽面(mian)必須平行,就能對控制超欠挖(wa)起到(dao)良好(hao)效(xiao)果(guo)。在推(tui)廣(guang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)破的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang),去年(nian)9月,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)聚能爆(bao)破的(de)成(cheng)果(guo)上(shang),今年(nian)更為深入(ru)地在興泉鐵路大(da)嶺隧道、牡佳鐵路麻山(shan)隧道采用了(le)此(ci)項技術,積(ji)累了(le)成(cheng)功經驗(yan)。
專業c型聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成,其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1.炸,炸是聚能管爆破的能源,炸的爆壓越大,聚能彈威力越大;為得到高爆壓,需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等,裝方法有熔鑄,塑裝和壓裝多種。2.型罩,型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能,從而提高其穿透和切割能力。c型聚能管公司型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)材(cai)料必須滿(man)足四點要求(qiu),即可(ke)壓縮性(xing)小、密(mi)度高、塑(su)性(xing)和延展性(xing)好(hao),在(zai)形(xing)成射流中(zhong)不(bu)汽化。大量(liang)試驗證明(ming),用(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩效果(guo)好(hao),其次(ci)為鑄鐵、鋼和陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang)多種多樣(yang),主要有軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),如圓(yuan)錐形(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)和喇叭形(xing)等;面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),常(chang)見的(de)(de)有用(yong)于(yu)切割屬板(ban)材(cai)的(de)(de)直線(xian)形(xing)和用(yong)于(yu)切割管材(cai)的(de)(de)環(huan)形(xing)聚能罩兩種;中(zhong)心(xin)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這種球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)聚能包,中(zhong)心(xin)有球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)空(kong)腔和球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)罩,球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)罩外敷設炸,若能在(zai)瞬間同時(shi)起爆,可(ke)在(zai)空(kong)腔中(zhong)心(xin)點獲得極大的(de)(de)能量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)。在(zai)工程中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)是軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩。
預裂與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)狀:預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是沿設(she)計(ji)開挖邊(bian)界布置密集炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong),采取不耦合裝藥或(huo)裝填(tian)低(di)威力炸藥,在主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)之(zhi)前(qian)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),從而(er)在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)與(yu)保(bao)留區(qu)之(zhi)間形(xing)成(cheng)預裂縫,以減弱(ruo)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對保(bao)留巖體的(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞并(bing)形(xing)成(cheng)平整(zheng)輪(lun)廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業。光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是沿設(she)計(ji)開挖邊(bian)界布設(she)密集炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong),采用(yong)不耦合裝藥或(huo)裝填(tian)低(di)威力炸藥,在主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)以形(xing)成(cheng)平整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開挖輪(lun)廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展是先(xian)出現(xian)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),然后(hou)衍(yan)生發(fa)(fa)展為預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。聚(ju)能管國(guo)內歷(li)史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)狀,我國(guo)于1964~1965年(nian)在湖(hu)北陸水(shui)水(shui)電站施工(gong)中做過淺孔(kong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)試(shi)驗,1965年(nian)鐵道部門在成(cheng)昆鐵路(lu)建(jian)設(she)中開始試(shi)驗光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),1977年(nian)在西(xi)延線(xian)張家船工(gong)點,全長近200m的(de)(de)(de)(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊(bian)坡(po)全部采用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)后(hou)邊(bian)坡(po)平整(zheng)穩定,殘留的(de)(de)(de)(de)半孔(kong)清晰可見,是鐵路(lu)建(jian)設(she)中采用(yong)路(lu)塹光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。