采用一種抗靜(jing)電阻燃的(de)(de)(de)特種塑料管(guan)、異形雙槽聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan),根據炮眼(yan)(yan)深度(du)可(ke)長(chang)可(ke)短。是(shi)兩個(ge)相(xiang)似(si)半(ban)(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),半(ban)(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)中央有個(ge)凹(ao)進去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)槽叫做'聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽",使用聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)效果好,開挖輪廓線(xian)平順整齊,圍(wei)巖擾動減(jian)少(shao)(shao)、超欠挖明(ming)顯改善(shan),有利于支護(hu)工(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong),同時混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)大(da)為降(jiang)低(di)。鑿孔(kong)率(lv)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)30%,大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低(di)了(le)(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業工(gong)(gong)班(ban)的(de)(de)(de)勞動量:鉆孔(kong)縮短30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)打眼(yan)(yan)、出渣(zha)量減(jian)少(shao)(shao),降(jiang)低(di)了(le)(le)材料成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗(hao)、勞動效率(lv)明(ming)顯提高(gao)(gao),周邊眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)降(jiang)低(di)30%以上,半(ban)(ban)(ban)眼(yan)(yan)痕(hen)保留(liu)率(lv)高(gao)(gao)達(da)85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)主要(yao)應用于隧道(dao)、煤礦、鐵(tie)礦等需要(yao)進行光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程。采用聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)鉆孔(kong),擴大(da)孔(kong)距,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用量,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)超挖,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)噴漿,提高(gao)(gao)半(ban)(ban)(ban)孔(kong)率(lv),既(ji)節省了(le)(le)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)又(you)提高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)施工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)。
在建造隧道的時候,人們首先想到的個方式,就是使用爆破技術,專用深孔爆破聚能管開山挖隧道修路,常規爆破技術需要使用數以噸計的炸,炸的威力十分巨大,但是在炸完之后,空氣中全是煙塵,根本無法進入,另外常規爆破炸出來的輪廓線凹凸不平,后期常常需要工人進一步修補輪廓線才能進行下一道工序,耗時耗力,那么有沒有其他的方式比常規爆破技術更好呢?2018年3月,央視報道了一場隧道爆破對比實驗,實驗采用兩種爆破技術,滴喲中是使用炸的常規爆破技術,第二種則是國人新發明的聚能水壓光面爆破技術,隨著聲聲巨響,這場對比試驗的結果超乎所有人的意料,棗莊深孔爆破聚能管聚能水壓(ya)爆破技術(shu)的(de)(de)爆炸效(xiao)果更好,而且爆破產生的(de)(de)水霧能將(jiang)煙(yan)塵(chen)覆蓋,起到降塵(chen)的(de)(de)作用,這項爆破新方式得到了(le)觀(guan)眾們的(de)(de)認可。
水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較(jiao)水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),在(zai)(zai)周(zhou)邊眼單循(xun)環火(huo)工品使用(yong)(yong)(yong)量上節(jie)(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%,周(zhou)邊眼鉆孔數量從(cong)39個下降(jiang)為23個費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)節(jie)(jie)約41%,混凝土噴(pen)射(she)每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)(jie)約1.37立方(fang)米(mi)。水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比(bi)水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每(mei)循(xun)環節(jie)(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan),即每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)(jie)約76較(jiao)元(yuan),節(jie)(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)例達(da)32%。此外,聚能(neng)管(guan)水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)有效降(jiang)低(di)隧道(dao)內石渣(zha)塊度(du)和(he)粉(fen)塵(chen)含量,還可(ke)使通風(feng)時間有效縮短33%。聚能(neng)管(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工藝技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)很(hen)成(cheng)熟、可(ke)操作(zuo)性(xing)很(hen)強、材(cai)料成(cheng)本很(hen)低(di)、施(shi)工速度(du)很(hen)快、節(jie)(jie)能(neng)環保效果很(hen)顯著、經濟效益社會(hui)效益很(hen)高(gao)。聚能(neng)管(guan)定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是近幾(ji)年發展(zhan)起(qi)來(lai)的(de)(de)一項掘進新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),這種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)與傳統的(de)(de)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)有一定的(de)(de)差別(bie),聚能(neng)管(guan)定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理是在(zai)(zai)巷道(dao)周(zhou)邊眼中,將炸裝在(zai)(zai)聚能(neng)管(guan)中起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時利用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)聚能(neng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),以減少裂隙的(de)(de)數量和(he)控制優(you)勢(shi)裂隙的(de)(de)發展(zhan)方(fang)向。
我國于1983年制定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)(wu)巖行基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)范(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此(ci),在(zai)水(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)電建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)已成為(wei)必須進行的(de)保護邊坡質量(liang)(liang)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)。此(ci)后(hou)在(zai)此(ci)基礎上(shang)修訂的(de)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)(wu)巖石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)范(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以(yi)及(ji)在(zai)《水(shui)(shui)電水(shui)(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)范(fan)》(DL/T 5135—2001)和《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)(wu)巖石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)范(fan)》(DL/T 5389~2007)中預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)均被編入并有(you)所改(gai)進,DL/T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編為(wei)DL/T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道部(bu)也不僅規(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)凡是Ⅲ級以(yi)上(shang)的(de)巖石(shi)邊坡,設(she)(she)計(ji)邊坡坡度為(wei)1:0.1~1:0.75,在(zai)邊坡部(bu)位的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)(she)計(ji)和施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)都應(ying)采用光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)或預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po),并闡述了(le)(le)(le)光面(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)設(she)(she)計(ji)的(de)原則和參數、安全措施(shi)(shi)(shi),而且還明(ming)確了(le)(le)(le)路塹邊坡光面(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)項(xiang)目質量(liang)(liang)驗(yan)收檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)數量(liang)(liang)和檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)方法(fa)。無疑該規(gui)程(cheng)的(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi),有(you)力地推動和促進了(le)(le)(le)光面(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵(tie)路建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中的(de)應(ying)用與(yu)發(fa)展。