專注爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)批(pi)發(fa)銷售。隨著(zhu)(zhu)中國現代化建設的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)環境越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)復雜,對(dui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求可能(neng)也會越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)高(gao)。盡管(guan)我(wo)(wo)們(men)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術已(yi)達到很(hen)高(gao)水平,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)是一(yi)項(xiang)危險性的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),大家知道,一(yi)次(ci)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)事故(gu),可能(neng)會造成人(ren)民生(sheng)命(ming)和(he)財產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)失(shi),也可能(neng)導(dao)致環境受到破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞。為了安(an)(an)全(quan),在工程實踐(jian)中,往(wang)往(wang)有許多要(yao)求和(he)標準需要(yao)我(wo)(wo)們(men)努力去解決,比如嚴格(ge)控制爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)的(de)(de)(de)振動效(xiao)應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)沖擊波、噪聲、粉(fen)塵等(deng)影響,要(yao)預防電(dian)干(gan)擾等(deng)對(dui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)威脅,還要(yao)關注水土保持、環境保護等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)一(yi)直(zhi)是各(ge)方面所重(zhong)視的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti),已(yi)形成了一(yi)種專業(ye)化的(de)(de)(de)規范、制度(du)和(he)技(ji)(ji)術。如中國自1992年頒(ban)布《拆除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)規程》,通過拆除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)分級管(guan)理(li)、承擔單位及人(ren)員資格(ge)審(shen)查、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術人(ren)員培訓與考核、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設計(ji)審(shen)查與安(an)(an)全(quan)評估等(deng)規定,有力地推動了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工程的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li),取得了顯著(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)成效(xiao)。
水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術在(zai)隧(sui)道(dao)掘進(jin)(jin)作業中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)應用。提升光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破水(shui)(shui)平、嚴抓隧(sui)道(dao)超挖管控(kong)進(jin)(jin)行了介紹。聚能水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破工(gong)藝技(ji)術很成熟、可操(cao)作性很強、材料(liao)成本很低、施工(gong)速度很快、節能環保效果很顯(xian)著、經(jing)濟效益社會效益很高。一是要(yao)(yao)(yao)提高對推(tui)廣該項(xiang)技(ji)術重要(yao)(yao)(yao)性和(he)必(bi)然性的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識;二是要(yao)(yao)(yao)樹立必(bi)須采取(qu)聚能水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)意識;三(san)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)堅持培(pei)訓、示范、監督“三(san)位(wei)一體(ti)”;四是要(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定切實的(de)(de)(de)獎懲制(zhi)度;五(wu)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)建立檢查監督機制(zhi),持續促進(jin)(jin)該項(xiang)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入推(tui)廣。在(zai)隧(sui)道(dao)施工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)現場管理(li)、科(ke)技(ji)創新、人(ren)才培(pei)養(yang)、經(jing)濟效益等方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)不足。建議對施工(gong)一線基礎技(ji)術工(gong)作扎實推(tui)進(jin)(jin);對新工(gong)藝、先進(jin)(jin)工(gong)法要(yao)(yao)(yao)深(shen)入學習鉆研;對消(xiao)極(ji)懈怠、故步自(zi)封的(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)堅決抵制(zhi)。
施工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)嚴(yan)格遵(zun)循六字方針(掛滿(man)、貼(tie)緊、對準(zhun)):(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)質量(liang),炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)必須按(an)(an)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求合理布置(zhi)。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)掏(tao)槽(cao)眼(yan)(yan)以及(ji)其他眼(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)的打(da)眼(yan)(yan)質量(liang),一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在規定(ding)位置(zhi)上打(da)眼(yan)(yan);二(er)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝藥(yao)時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸(zha)藥(yao)在聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)中空內壁中填充(chong)飽滿(man)不得有空隙出現時以產生(sheng)拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)在炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)中裝填時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的兩條聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)指向巷道(dao)輪廓(kuo)線方向并(bing)且各個炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)軸線方面要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)相互(hu)連接在隧道(dao)輪廓(kuo)線上。否(fou)則成(cheng)型效果不僅(jin)不好(hao),反而更(geng)差(cha)。(5)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)堵塞(sai)質量(liang)。(6)放炮(pao)(pao)(pao)員應提前按(an)(an)規定(ding)裝好(hao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的炸(zha)藥(yao),并(bing)做(zuo)好(hao)準(zhun)備工(gong)作。試(shi)用范圍(wei):一級至五級圍(wei)巖的光面爆破工(gong)程。
是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體、前錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)構成,管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體為塑性(xing)材料(liao)制成,呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀,管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正常炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),長(chang)度可隨(sui)爆破(po)需(xu)(xu)要生產(chan),管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體兩端(duan)各有外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen),兩端(duan)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間(jian)有一縱(zong)向(xiang)切(qie)縫(feng),切(qie)縫(feng)間(jian)等距有加強筋,前錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)呈(cheng)傘(san)狀,傘(san)形(xing)尖有一光(guang)孔,兩側直壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen),與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合,帽(mao)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體,后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)為一封蓋,外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),與(yu)前錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一致,后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen),與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合。可根據炮(pao)眼(yan)深度采(cai)用(yong)合適的聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體,不(bu)需(xu)(xu)其(qi)他(ta)工(gong)具幫助送(song)入炮(pao)眼(yan),切(qie)縫(feng)方(fang)向(xiang)準確,兩端(duan)的前錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一致,保證聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體同心(xin),定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)準確。且(qie)利于工(gong)業化生產(chan),作業安全
水壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu),是在(zai)水壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)基礎上發(fa)展起來的(de)一項新技(ji)術(shu),其掏槽(cao)眼(yan)(yan)、輔助眼(yan)(yan)裝藥結構和(he)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)式與水壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破相同,但在(zai)周邊眼(yan)(yan)中安裝專(zhuan)用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)裝置替代常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破藥卷和(he)傳爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)線(xian),利(li)(li)(li)用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)產生(sheng)的(de)粒(li)子射流(liu)動能、高壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用,形成平(ping)整圓順(shun)的(de)開挖輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian),對控(kong)制(zhi)超欠挖具有(you)良好效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果(guo),有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)了隧道施工質量、進度和(he)經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益。科學(xue)合理地(di)利(li)(li)(li)用能源,提(ti)高能源利(li)(li)(li)用效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv),對節能減排也十分(fen)重要(yao)。利(li)(li)(li)用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)端的(de)水平(ping)開出的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能槽(cao)產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能射流(liu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應對巖石(shi)進行(xing)破碎(sui)。據專(zhuan)家(jia)測算,由于(yu)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)端聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能槽(cao)產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能切割(ge)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應,其能效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)比提(ti)升(sheng)一個量級。
各種爆破、爆破器材銷毀以及爆破器材意外爆炸時,爆破源與人員和其他保護對象之間的安全距離稱為爆破安全距離。爆破安全距離應取各種爆破效應(地震、沖擊波、飛石、有毒氣體等)分別核定的大值。專用深孔爆破聚能管爆破時,必然產生爆破地震、空氣沖擊波、碎石飛散及有害氣體,因此,爆破設計時必須確定爆破危害范圍,并確定爆點到附近人員、設備、建筑物及井巷等的安全,這一段距離就稱為爆破安全距離。專用深孔爆破聚能管如何控(kong)制好(hao)這段距(ju)離就顯的尤為重要(yao)。為保證爆(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan),爆(bao)破(po)(po)地點與人員或其他(ta)應(ying)保護對象之間必須保持短的相隔長度(du)。爆(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)害效應(ying)隨距(ju)離的增加有(you)規律地衰(shuai)減,用距(ju)離作為安(an)全(quan)(quan)尺(chi)度(du)可限定爆(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)害效應(ying)在(zai)允許限度(du)之內。中國《爆(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)規程》規定了(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)地震安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)離,個別飛散(san)物安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)離,以(yi)及爆(bao)炸沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)的安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)離。