是(shi)由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體、前(qian)錐形定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)、后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體為(wei)塑性材料制成，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正常炮(pao)(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長(chang)度可(ke)隨爆破(po)需(xu)要生(sheng)產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體兩端各(ge)有(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩端外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向(xiang)(xiang)切(qie)縫，切(qie)縫間等距有(you)(you)加強筋，前(qian)錐形定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)呈傘(san)狀，傘(san)形尖有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)光(guang)孔，兩側直(zhi)壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合，帽(mao)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)錐形定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)(hou)端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合。可(ke)根據炮(pao)(pao)眼深(shen)度采用(yong)合適的(de)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體，不需(xu)其(qi)他工具幫助送入炮(pao)(pao)眼，切(qie)縫方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)準(zhun)確，兩端的(de)前(qian)錐形定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)和(he)后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體同心，定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)準(zhun)確。且利于工業(ye)化生(sheng)產(chan)，作業(ye)安全

采用(yong)(yong)一種(zhong)抗靜(jing)電(dian)阻燃(ran)的(de)特(te)種(zhong)塑料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、異(yi)形雙槽(cao)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，根據炮眼(yan)深度可(ke)(ke)長可(ke)(ke)短。是兩(liang)個相似半(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中央(yang)有個凹進去(qu)的(de)槽(cao)叫(jiao)做'聚(ju)能槽(cao)"，使用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)面爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)效果好，開挖(wa)(wa)輪(lun)廓線平順(shun)整(zheng)齊(qi)，圍巖(yan)擾動減(jian)少(shao)、超欠挖(wa)(wa)明顯(xian)改善，有利(li)于支護工(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong)，同時混凝土回填(tian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)大為降(jiang)低。鑿孔(kong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)減(jian)少(shao)30%，大大降(jiang)低了(le)爆(bao)破作(zuo)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)班的(de)勞動量(liang):鉆(zhan)孔(kong)縮(suo)短30分(fen)鐘、少(shao)打眼(yan)、出渣量(liang)減(jian)少(shao)，降(jiang)低了(le)材(cai)料(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞動效率(lv)(lv)(lv)明顯(xian)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)低30%以上，半(ban)(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率(lv)(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)主要(yao)應用(yong)(yong)于隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要(yao)進行光(guang)面爆(bao)破施工(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程。采用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)光(guang)面爆(bao)破可(ke)(ke)減(jian)少(shao)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)，擴大孔(kong)距，減(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)，減(jian)少(shao)超挖(wa)(wa)，減(jian)少(shao)噴漿(jiang)，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)半(ban)(ban)孔(kong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)，既節省了(le)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)又提高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)施工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)。

水壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)是(shi)在炮(pao)(pao)(pao)孔兩(liang)端填(tian)充水袋，中間(jian)(jian)裝上乳(ru)化(hua)炸(zha)，炮(pao)(pao)(pao)孔再用(yong)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)泥封(feng)死，炮(pao)(pao)(pao)孔間(jian)(jian)距(ju)很大，兩(liang)個(ge)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)空之間(jian)(jian)相距(ju)了一米左右，是(shi)常(chang)規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)孔間(jian)(jian)距(ju)的(de)兩(liang)倍，這(zhe)樣可以節省炮(pao)(pao)(pao)孔材料，這(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)凹(ao)槽(cao)又稱為(wei)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)非(fei)常(chang)重(zhong)要，放(fang)置的(de)位置和方(fang)向都十(shi)分(fen)講(jiang)究(jiu)，一點(dian)也不能(neng)出(chu)錯，在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)，高(gao)溫高(gao)壓(ya)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)射流立即(ji)往凹(ao)槽(cao)兩(liang)邊(bian)的(de)巖石進(jin)行切割，巖石如(ru)同豆腐一樣輕松(song)被切割切割出(chu)來的(de)輪廓(kuo)線(xian)十(shi)分(fen)平順，效果(guo)極好，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)水壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中的(de)水袋沒有降低(di)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)效果(guo)，反而(er)能(neng)保護隧道周(zhou)邊(bian)植(zhi)被，減少地質擾動，降低(di)煙塵，重(zhong)要的(de)是(shi)節省炸(zha)成(cheng)本，在未來這(zhe)項技術會廣泛應用(yong)于(yu)工(gong)程中，降低(di)施(shi)工(gong)成(cheng)本。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)較水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)，在周(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)單(dan)循環火工(gong)品使用(yong)量上節約(yue)費用(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)鉆(zhan)孔數(shu)量從39個(ge)下降為(wei)23個(ge)費用(yong)節約(yue)41%，混凝土(tu)噴(pen)射每延米節約(yue)1.37立方(fang)米。

在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能使雷管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所需的(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管、導線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連(lian)接形式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)等進行選擇，基本連(lian)接方式有(you)：串(chuan)(chuan)聯、并聯、串(chuan)(chuan)并聯和并串(chuan)(chuan)聯等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)安全(quan)、可靠、準(zhun)確(que)、高效等優點，在(zai)(zai)國內(nei)外仍占有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)比重(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主要(yao)仍是用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別(bie)是在(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦斯(si)、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的(de)(de)干(gan)擾(rao)而(er)發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不能使用(yong)(yong)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管。

專業c型聚能管水壓光面爆破技術在隧道掘進作業中的實際應用。提升光面爆破水平、嚴抓隧道超挖管控進行了介紹。聚能水壓光面爆破工藝技術很成熟、可操作性很強、材料成本很低、施工速度很快、節能環保效果很顯著、經濟效益社會效益很高。一是要提高對推廣該項技術重要性和必然性的認識;二是要樹立必須采取聚能水壓光面爆破的意識;三是要堅持培訓、示范、監督“三位一體”;四是要制定切實的獎懲制度;五是要建立檢查監督機制，持續促進該項技術的深入推廣。c型聚能管價格在隧道施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的現場管理、科技創新(xin)、人才(cai)培(pei)養、經(jing)濟效益等方面的不(bu)足。建議對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)一(yi)線基(ji)礎技術工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)扎(zha)實(shi)推進;對新(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝、先進工(gong)(gong)法要深入學習(xi)鉆研;對消極懈(xie)怠(dai)、故步自封(feng)的思想要堅決抵制(zhi)。

預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)與(yu)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)技術的(de)歷(li)史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)狀：預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆破(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)(she)(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布(bu)置密(mi)集炮孔(kong)，采(cai)取(qu)不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥或裝(zhuang)填低威力炸藥，在(zai)主(zhu)爆區之(zhi)前起(qi)爆，從而在(zai)爆區與(yu)保(bao)留(liu)區之(zhi)間形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)縫，以減弱主(zhu)爆破(po)(po)(po)對保(bao)留(liu)巖體的(de)破(po)(po)(po)壞并形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整輪廓面(mian)(mian)的(de)爆破(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)(ye)。光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)(she)(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)密(mi)集炮孔(kong)，采(cai)用不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥或裝(zhuang)填低威力炸藥，在(zai)主(zhu)爆區爆破(po)(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)起(qi)爆的(de)以形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整的(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian)的(de)爆破(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)(ye)。爆破(po)(po)(po)技術的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)先出(chu)現(xian)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)，然后(hou)衍生發(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆破(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國內(nei)歷(li)史(shi)與(yu)現(xian)狀，我國于1964～1965年(nian)在(zai)湖(hu)北陸水(shui)水(shui)電站施工中(zhong)做(zuo)過淺孔(kong)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆破(po)(po)(po)試(shi)(shi)驗，1965年(nian)鐵道部(bu)門在(zai)成(cheng)昆鐵路(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)開(kai)始試(shi)(shi)驗光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在(zai)西延線張家船工點，全長近200m的(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊坡全部(bu)采(cai)用光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)，爆破(po)(po)(po)后(hou)邊坡平(ping)整穩定，殘留(liu)的(de)半孔(kong)清晰可見，是(shi)鐵路(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)采(cai)用路(lu)塹光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)。