水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)較(jiao)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，在周邊眼單循(xun)環火工品使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)從39個下(xia)降為23個費用(yong)(yong)(yong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝(ning)土噴射每(mei)延(yan)米節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米。水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)比水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)每(mei)循(xun)環節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每(mei)延(yan)米節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元(yuan)，節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)比例達32%。此外，聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低(di)隧道(dao)內石渣塊(kuai)度(du)和(he)粉塵含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時(shi)間有(you)效(xiao)縮短33%。聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工藝技術(shu)很成(cheng)熟、可操作(zuo)(zuo)性很強(qiang)、材料成(cheng)本很低(di)、施工速度(du)很快(kuai)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保效(xiao)果很顯著、經濟效(xiao)益(yi)社會(hui)效(xiao)益(yi)很高。聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)是(shi)近幾年發展(zhan)起(qi)來(lai)的(de)一(yi)(yi)項掘進新(xin)技術(shu),這種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)與傳統的(de)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)差別,聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)原理是(shi)在巷道(dao)周邊眼中(zhong),將炸裝在聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)起(qi)爆(bao),爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)時(shi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)聚能(neng)(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),以減少裂(lie)隙的(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)控(kong)制優勢(shi)裂(lie)隙的(de)發展(zhan)方向(xiang)(xiang)。

爆破多向聚能管公司給大家介紹下爆破聚能管的技術原理∶炸藥爆炸產生的爆轟波通過聚能管的聚能槽，將炸藥的動能、勢能轉換成高壓、高速、高能的射流，切割演示成縫。專業爆破多向聚能管射流(liu)在孔(kong)(kong)壁產生射流(liu)壓力(li)達7000MPa，巖石動載抗壓強度(du)為(wei)(wei)200MPa，抗拉為(wei)(wei)1/8～1/10的抗壓強度(du)，相鄰兩炮孔(kong)(kong)互為(wei)(wei)鄰空面，疊(die)加后的壓縮波變為(wei)(wei)稀疏波，在兩炮眼連線上使巖石結(jie)構(gou)斷裂(lie)，形成裂(lie)紋。準靜(jing)態(tai)氣(qi)體膨脹，靜(jing)態(tai)壓力(li)在兩炮孔(kong)(kong)最(zui)短連線兩側產生拉力(li)使巖石裂(lie)縫(feng)進(jin)一步擴展。根據爆破(po)應(ying)力(li)集(ji)中氣(qi)刃作用原(yuan)則，爆破(po)氣(qi)體沿裂(lie)縫(feng)進(jin)一步擴大(da)貫通，拋落巖石。

我國于1983年(nian)制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)建筑(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)行基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自(zi)此，在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)(shui)電建設(she)中(zhong)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)與光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)已成為必須進行的(de)(de)保(bao)護邊(bian)(bian)坡質量的(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。此后在(zai)此基礎上修訂(ding)的(de)(de)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)建筑(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)電水(shui)(shui)(shui)利爆(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)(he)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)建筑(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中(zhong)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)與光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)均(jun)被編(bian)入并有所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編(bian)為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道(dao)部也不(bu)僅規定(ding)了(le)凡是Ⅲ級以上的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)邊(bian)(bian)坡，設(she)計邊(bian)(bian)坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊(bian)(bian)坡部位的(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)計和(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)都(dou)應采用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)或預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)，并闡(chan)述了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)設(she)計的(de)(de)原則和(he)(he)參數、安(an)全措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，而且還明確了(le)路塹邊(bian)(bian)坡光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)項目(mu)質量驗收檢測數量和(he)(he)檢測方(fang)法。無(wu)疑該規程的(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)，有力地推(tui)動(dong)和(he)(he)促進了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵(tie)路建設(she)中(zhong)的(de)(de)應用(yong)與發展。

施工工藝嚴(yan)格遵循六字(zi)方(fang)針(掛滿、貼緊(jin)、對準)：(1)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量,炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)必須按技術(shu)要(yao)求合理布置(zhi)。(2)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)掏(tao)槽(cao)眼(yan)(yan)以及其他眼(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量,一定要(yao)在(zai)規定位置(zhi)上(shang)打眼(yan)(yan);二(er)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)深(shen)度(du)和角度(du)。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)裝(zhuang)藥時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸藥在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)中空內壁中填(tian)充飽滿不(bu)得(de)有空隙出現時以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)中裝(zhuang)填(tian)時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)兩(liang)條(tiao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)指向(xiang)巷道輪(lun)廓線方(fang)向(xiang)并(bing)且各個炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)軸(zhou)線方(fang)面要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)相互連接在(zai)隧道輪(lun)廓線上(shang)。否則(ze)成型效果不(bu)僅不(bu)好(hao),反而更差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)量。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)(pao)員(yuan)應(ying)提(ti)前按規定裝(zhuang)好(hao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好(hao)準備工作。試用范圍(wei):一級(ji)至(zhi)五(wu)級(ji)圍(wei)巖的(de)光面爆破工程。

聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)法(fa)特(te)點是(shi):不(bu)需(xu)要打眼，因而(er)(er)不(bu)需(xu)要購買打眼設備(bei)和(he)動力設備(bei);施(shi)工(gong)簡單(dan)，施(shi)工(gong)進度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)快安(an)全(quan)性(xing)比(bi)普(pu)通(tong)淺(qian)眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)和(he)普(pu)通(tong)裸(luo)露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞(lao)動強度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)低。制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)所(suo)采用的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有:黑索金(jin)和(he)梯恩梯混(hun)合熔鑄型(xing)(xing);乳化(hua)油炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)黑索金(jin)混(hun)裝型(xing)(xing)和(he)二(er)號巖石硝鉸炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制型(xing)(xing)。根據使用的(de)(de)結果證明，選(xuan)用密(mi)度(du)較大和(he)爆(bao)速較高的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲得較好(hao)的(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)效(xiao)果。這主(zhu)要是(shi)由于(yu)它(ta)加工(gong)簡單(dan)和(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力較大。在(zai)(zai)礦山由于(yu)二(er)次破(po)(po)碎(sui)消耗的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)較多(duo)(duo)，而(er)(er)且(qie)金(jin)屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)加工(gong)費工(gong)又費材料，所(suo)以多(duo)(duo)不(bu)采用藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。國(guo)內生產的(de)(de)一種(zhong)用于(yu)破(po)(po)碎(sui)大塊的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，裝置(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)時(shi)，要將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)垂(chui)直裝在(zai)(zai)大塊的(de)(de)頂面上(shang)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)穴朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)應選(xuan)在(zai)(zai)頂面的(de)(de)幾何(he)中(zhong)心(xin)或附近較平整(zheng)的(de)(de)地點。然后在(zai)(zai)上(shang)面覆(fu)蓋泥沙。

采(cai)用(yong)一種(zhong)抗(kang)靜電阻燃的特種(zhong)塑料管(guan)、異形雙槽(cao)聚能管(guan)，根(gen)據炮眼(yan)深度可(ke)(ke)長可(ke)(ke)短。是兩(liang)個相似半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)中央(yang)有(you)個凹進去的槽(cao)叫(jiao)做'聚能槽(cao)"，使用(yong)聚能管(guan)光面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)效果好，開挖(wa)(wa)輪廓線平順整齊，圍(wei)巖擾動減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠挖(wa)(wa)明顯改善，有(you)利于(yu)支(zhi)護工(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong)，同時混凝(ning)土回填成(cheng)(cheng)本大(da)為降(jiang)低。鑿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率(lv)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)30%，大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低了(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作業工(gong)(gong)班的勞(lao)動量(liang):鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)縮短30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)(shao)打眼(yan)、出渣量(liang)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)，降(jiang)低了(le)材料成(cheng)(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗(hao)、勞(lao)動效率(lv)明顯提高，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)本降(jiang)低30%以上，半(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率(lv)高達(da)85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚能管(guan)主要應用(yong)于(yu)隧(sui)道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要進行光面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)的工(gong)(gong)程。采(cai)用(yong)聚能管(guan)的光面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可(ke)(ke)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，擴大(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)距(ju)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用(yong)量(liang)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖(wa)(wa)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)噴漿，提高半(ban)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率(lv)，既節省了(le)成(cheng)(cheng)本又提高了(le)施工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)。