施(shi)工工藝嚴格遵循(xun)六(liu)字方針(掛(gua)滿、貼緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按技(ji)術要(yao)求合(he)理布置(zhi)。(2)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,一定(ding)要(yao)在(zai)規(gui)定(ding)位置(zhi)上打眼(yan)(yan)(yan);二(er)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角(jiao)度。(3)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)裝藥時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸藥在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中空內壁中填充飽滿不得(de)有空隙出現時以(yi)產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)中裝填時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩條聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽指向巷道輪(lun)廓(kuo)(kuo)線方向并(bing)且各個炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽軸線方面要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)相互(hu)連接在(zai)隧道輪(lun)廓(kuo)(kuo)線上。否則成(cheng)型效果不僅不好(hao),反而(er)更差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質量。(6)放炮(pao)員應提前按規(gui)定(ding)裝好(hao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好(hao)準備(bei)工作。試用范(fan)圍:一級至(zhi)五級圍巖(yan)的(de)光面爆破工程。

預裂與光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)的(de)(de)歷史與現狀：預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)沿(yan)設(she)(she)(she)計開挖邊(bian)界布(bu)置密(mi)集(ji)炮孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，采取不耦(ou)合(he)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或(huo)裝(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區之前起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區與保(bao)留(liu)區之間形(xing)成(cheng)預裂縫，以減弱主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對保(bao)留(liu)巖(yan)體的(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞并形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整輪廓面的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作(zuo)業(ye)。光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)沿(yan)設(she)(she)(she)計開挖邊(bian)界布(bu)設(she)(she)(she)密(mi)集(ji)炮孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，采用不耦(ou)合(he)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或(huo)裝(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)之后(hou)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)以形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整的(de)(de)開挖輪廓面的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作(zuo)業(ye)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)的(de)(de)發展是(shi)先出現光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，然(ran)后(hou)衍生發展為預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。聚能管國內歷史與現狀，我國于1964～1965年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)湖北陸水水電(dian)站(zhan)施工中做過淺(qian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)試驗，1965年(nian)(nian)鐵道(dao)部門在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)昆鐵路建設(she)(she)(she)中開始試驗光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，1977年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)西延線張家船工點，全長近200m的(de)(de)2000m2路塹(qian)邊(bian)坡(po)全部采用光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)后(hou)邊(bian)坡(po)平(ping)整穩定，殘留(liu)的(de)(de)半孔(kong)(kong)(kong)清(qing)晰可見，是(shi)鐵路建設(she)(she)(she)中采用路塹(qian)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。

在鐵路、礦山、水庫等大型工程中，深孔爆破聚能管廠家爆破技術的作用很關鍵很重要。采礦修路的開山挖隧道，城市對舊建筑物的拆除，都會用到爆破技術。隨著經濟的發展、工程建設的增多，專業深孔爆破聚能管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)引起了人們更多的(de)關注(zhu)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)作為一種(zhong)科學技術，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)廣，但在工(gong)程上(shang)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無疑(yi)是(shi)重要(yao)、常見(jian)的(de)，采礦開(kai)山(shan)，修(xiu)(xiu)鐵路(lu)(lu)、公路(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉆爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法來開(kai)掘隧道，水利工(gong)程上(shang)也(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一些(xie)，城市里面也(ye)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了，拆(chai)除樓房(fang)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)炸爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸產生的(de)巨大(da)能(neng)量破(po)壞某(mou)種(zhong)物體的(de)原結構(gou)，這(zhe)種(zhong)"破(po)壞"效果不是(shi)其他方法能(neng)代替的(de)，它(ta)雖然不是(shi)獨立完成一個(ge)工(gong)程，但卻是(shi)一個(ge)重要(yao)的(de)工(gong)序，特(te)別是(shi)石方開(kai)挖、礦山(shan)開(kai)采等(deng)工(gong)程缺少了這(zhe)個(ge)工(gong)序還不行。中國目前有發達(da)的(de)鐵路(lu)(lu)和公路(lu)(lu)交通(tong)網，可以(yi)想象，當初在修(xiu)(xiu)這(zhe)些(xie)路(lu)(lu)的(de)時候會(hui)遇到(dao)許多高(gao)山(shan)峻嶺，一座大(da)山(shan)橫在兩(liang)地之間，想要(yao)修(xiu)(xiu)路(lu)(lu)，就(jiu)必須讓這(zhe)座山(shan)消失，這(zhe)個(ge)時候聚能(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)就(jiu)起到(dao)決(jue)定性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽、后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)構成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑(su)性材(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)，呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正常(chang)炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長(chang)度可(ke)隨爆(bao)破需(xu)要生產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)端各有外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)端外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間有一(yi)縱向(xiang)切縫(feng)(feng)，切縫(feng)(feng)間等距有加強筋，前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽呈(cheng)傘(san)狀，傘(san)形(xing)尖(jian)有一(yi)光(guang)孔，兩(liang)側(ce)直壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)，帽體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)為一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)。可(ke)根據炮(pao)眼(yan)深度采用合(he)適的(de)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他工具幫助(zhu)送入炮(pao)眼(yan)，切縫(feng)(feng)方向(xiang)準(zhun)確，兩(liang)端的(de)前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽和(he)后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，保(bao)證聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同心，定(ding)向(xiang)準(zhun)確。且利于(yu)(yu)工業化生產(chan)，作業安全

對(dui)(dui)于爆(bao)破(po)(po)作業安(an)(an)(an)全技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究,是(shi)從(cong)兩(liang)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)去(qu)考慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)炸(zha)和起爆(bao)器(qi)材(cai)以(yi)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)其爆(bao)炸(zha)所(suo)造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞(huai)作用進行(xing)限制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全技(ji)術(shu),這是(shi)主(zhu)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。另一(yi)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)爆(bao)破(po)(po)所(suo)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害(hai)采(cai)取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防護(hu)措(cuo)施,這是(shi)被動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)方(fang)面(mian)。兩(liang)者對(dui)(dui)阻(zu)止爆(bao)破(po)(po)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞(huai)性有(you)(you)同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性,但在(zai)(zai)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)工程(cheng)中,則常(chang)常(chang)會有(you)(you)變化(hua)不定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象和后(hou)果,因此(ci),必(bi)須(xu)對(dui)(dui)每(mei)一(yi)項工程(cheng)破(po)(po)壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)情況作細(xi)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析研究,從(cong)而采(cai)取(qu)適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)策。同(tong)時，雖然技(ji)術(shu)不斷取(qu)得進步，須(xu)在(zai)(zai)操(cao)作過程(cheng)中注意每(mei)個(ge)工序，按照安(an)(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)認真(zhen)作業。只要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守安(an)(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)、正確(que)地采(cai)取(qu)安(an)(an)(an)全技(ji)術(shu)措(cuo)施和防護(hu)措(cuo)施,任(ren)何規(gui)(gui)模、任(ren)何種類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)可(ke)以(yi)確(que)保安(an)(an)(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)些安(an)(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條文是(shi)有(you)(you)經驗教訓和理(li)論根(gen)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)甚至是(shi)血(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教訓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)結，所(suo)以(yi)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)克服(fu)麻痹思想，嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)，決(jue)不能以(yi)沒出過事故而輕率地"突破(po)(po)"規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"框框"。

在工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導火(huo)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)、導線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接形式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工程的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)等進行選擇，基本連(lian)接方(fang)式有(you)：串聯(lian)(lian)、并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)、串并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)和并(bing)串聯(lian)(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具(ju)有(you)較安全、可靠、準確、高效等優點(dian)，在國內外仍占有(you)較大比重。在大、中(zhong)型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主要仍是(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)在有(you)瓦(wa)斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾而發(fa)生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中(zhong)，不能(neng)使用普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)。