在(zai)(zai)(zai)工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，常用的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火(huo)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)雷(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)，進(jin)而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連接形式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工程(cheng)的(de)(de)重要性(xing)、所(suo)選(xuan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)進(jin)行(xing)選(xuan)擇，基本連接方式有(you)(you)：串聯(lian)、并聯(lian)、串并聯(lian)和并串聯(lian)等(deng)(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準確、高(gao)效等(deng)(deng)優點，在(zai)(zai)(zai)國內外仍占有(you)(you)較(jiao)大(da)比重。在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)、中型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，主(zhu)要仍是(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)環境中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主(zhu)要的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的(de)(de)干擾而發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境中，不能(neng)使(shi)(shi)用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管。

爆破多向聚能管廠家對于爆破作業安全技術的研究,是從兩個方面去考慮的，一方面是炸和起爆器材以及對其爆炸所造成的破壞作用進行限制的安全技術,這是主動的。另一個方面是對爆破所產生的危害采取的防護措施,這是被動的一個方面。兩者對阻止爆破帶來的破壞性有同樣的重要性,但在具體的爆破工程中,則常常會有變化不定的現象和后果,因此,必須對每一項工程破壞的具體情況作細致的分析研究,從而采取適當的對策。同時，爆破多向聚能管廠家雖然(ran)技術不(bu)斷取得進(jin)步，須在操(cao)作過(guo)程(cheng)中注意每(mei)個工序，按照安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)認真(zhen)作業。只(zhi)要嚴格(ge)遵守安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)、正確地采(cai)取安全(quan)(quan)技術措施(shi)(shi)和防護(hu)措施(shi)(shi),任(ren)何規(gui)(gui)模、任(ren)何種類的(de)(de)(de)爆破(po)是可(ke)以(yi)確保安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)些安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)條文是有經驗教(jiao)(jiao)訓和理論(lun)根據的(de)(de)(de)，有的(de)(de)(de)甚至是血的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)訓的(de)(de)(de)總結，所以(yi)一(yi)定(ding)要克服麻痹(bi)思想，嚴格(ge)執行安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，決(jue)不(bu)能以(yi)沒出過(guo)事故而(er)輕率地"突(tu)破(po)"規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)"框框"。

水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)較水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，在周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)單循環火工品(pin)使用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)上節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)鉆孔(kong)數量(liang)(liang)從39個下降(jiang)為23個費(fei)用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約41%，混凝(ning)土噴射每(mei)延米節(jie)約1.37立方(fang)(fang)米。水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)比水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)每(mei)循環節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每(mei)延米節(jie)約76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)比例達32%。此(ci)外，聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)能有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)降(jiang)低(di)隧(sui)道(dao)內石渣塊度(du)和(he)粉塵含(han)量(liang)(liang)，還可(ke)使通風時間有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工藝技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)很成(cheng)熟、可(ke)操作性很強(qiang)、材(cai)料成(cheng)本(ben)很低(di)、施(shi)工速度(du)很快、節(jie)能環保效(xiao)(xiao)果很顯(xian)著、經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益社會效(xiao)(xiao)益很高。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)是近(jin)幾年發展起來的(de)(de)一項掘進新技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),這種爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與傳統的(de)(de)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)差別,聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)原理是在巷(xiang)道(dao)周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)中(zhong),將炸裝(zhuang)在聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)中(zhong)起爆(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時利用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能作用(yong)(yong),以減少裂隙的(de)(de)數量(liang)(liang)和(he)控制優(you)勢裂隙的(de)(de)發展方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)。

施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝嚴格遵循(xun)六字方(fang)針(掛滿、貼(tie)緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)打眼(yan)質(zhi)(zhi)量,炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)必(bi)須按(an)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求合理布置(zhi)。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)以及其(qi)他眼(yan)眼(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)質(zhi)(zhi)量,一定要(yao)(yao)(yao)在規定位(wei)置(zhi)上打眼(yan);二要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)深度和角(jiao)度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)時(shi)(shi),要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)乳(ru)化炸藥(yao)在聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中空(kong)內壁中填充飽滿不(bu)(bu)得有(you)空(kong)隙出現時(shi)(shi)以產(chan)生拒(ju)爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)在炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)中裝(zhuang)填時(shi)(shi),要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)兩條聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指(zhi)向巷道輪廓(kuo)線方(fang)向并且各個炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸線方(fang)面(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)相互連接在隧道輪廓(kuo)線上。否(fou)則(ze)成型效(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)(bu)僅不(bu)(bu)好(hao),反而更差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)堵塞質(zhi)(zhi)量。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)(pao)員應提(ti)前按(an)規定裝(zhuang)好(hao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)炸藥(yao),并做好(hao)準備工(gong)(gong)作。試用范(fan)圍(wei):一級至(zhi)五級圍(wei)巖的(de)光(guang)面(mian)爆破工(gong)(gong)程。

各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器材銷毀以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器材意(yi)外(wai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸時，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)源與(yu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)和其他(ta)(ta)保(bao)護對(dui)象(xiang)之間(jian)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)取各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)（地(di)震(zhen)、沖擊(ji)(ji)波、飛石、有毒氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)等）分別核(he)定(ding)(ding)的(de)大值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時，必然產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震(zhen)、空氣(qi)(qi)沖擊(ji)(ji)波、碎石飛散及(ji)(ji)有害氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)，因此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計時必須(xu)確(que)定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)危害范圍(wei)，并(bing)確(que)定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附(fu)近人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)、設(she)備(bei)、建筑物及(ji)(ji)井巷(xiang)等的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)，這(zhe)(zhe)一段距(ju)(ju)離(li)就(jiu)(jiu)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)。如何控制好這(zhe)(zhe)段距(ju)(ju)離(li)就(jiu)(jiu)顯的(de)尤(you)為(wei)重要。為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)點與(yu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)或其他(ta)(ta)應(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)護對(dui)象(xiang)之間(jian)必須(xu)保(bao)持短的(de)相隔長度(du)(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有害效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)隨距(ju)(ju)離(li)的(de)增(zeng)加有規(gui)律地(di)衰減，用(yong)距(ju)(ju)離(li)作為(wei)安(an)全(quan)(quan)尺度(du)(du)可限定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有害效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)允(yun)許限度(du)(du)之內。中國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)規(gui)程》規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震(zhen)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)，個別飛散物安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸沖擊(ji)(ji)波的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)。