專業深孔爆破聚能管水壓光面爆破技術在隧道掘進作業中的實際應用。提升光面爆破水平、嚴抓隧道超挖管控進行了介紹。聚能水壓光面爆破工藝技術很成熟、可操作性很強、材料成本很低、施工速度很快、節能環保效果很顯著、經濟效益社會效益很高。一是要提高對推廣該項技術重要性和必然性的認識;二是要樹立必須采取聚能水壓光面爆破的意識;三是要堅持培訓、示范、監督“三位一體”;四是要制定切實的獎懲制度;五是要建立檢查監督機制，持續促進該項技術的深入推廣。深孔爆破聚能管公司在(zai)隧道施(shi)工(gong)的現場(chang)管理、科技(ji)創新(xin)、人(ren)才培(pei)養、經濟效益(yi)等方(fang)面的不足(zu)。建議對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)一線基礎技(ji)術工(gong)作扎(zha)實推進;對(dui)新(xin)工(gong)藝、先進工(gong)法要深入學(xue)習鉆研;對(dui)消極(ji)懈(xie)怠、故步自封(feng)的思(si)想要堅(jian)決抵制。

在工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導火索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管、導線和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)形式，要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工程(cheng)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)等進行選擇，基本連(lian)接(jie)方式有(you)：串聯(lian)、并聯(lian)、串并聯(lian)和(he)并串聯(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較安全、可(ke)靠(kao)、準確、高效(xiao)等優點，在國內(nei)外仍占(zhan)有(you)較大(da)比重。在大(da)、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)仍是用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別(bie)是在有(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)干擾而(er)發生(sheng)早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因(yin)此在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)，不(bu)能(neng)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管。

光面爆(bao)破技術(shu)優(you)(you)勢：相對于傳統爆(bao)破工藝，聚能管光面爆(bao)破比常規爆(bao)破具有(you)以(yi)下優(you)(you)勢∶少打眼，少裝藥。節(jie)約(yue)周邊(bian)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)量50%，總鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)進尺減少30%；節(jie)約(yue)炸藥10～20%，雷管30%。節(jie)約(yue)噴(pen)漿料15-20%。節(jie)省(sheng)時(shi)間(jian)∶每循環鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)、裝藥、噴(pen)漿時(shi)間(jian)1.5-2.0小時(shi)。在安全(quan)方(fang)面利用水沙袋替(ti)代炮(pao)泥(ni)，以(yi)避(bi)免搗(dao)炮(pao)泥(ni)損毀電(dian)雷管導線，造成瞎炮(pao)。大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減少對圍巖(yan)擾動，光面效果好，巖(yan)性(xing)條(tiao)件差情況下可(ke)以(yi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減少超挖(wa)量，控制巷道成型；巖(yan)性(xing)完整無(wu)節(jie)理情況下眼痕率可(ke)以(yi)達到90%以(yi)上，巷道成型好，穩定性(xing)強。布孔(kong)方(fang)式優(you)(you)化(hua)成多排掏槽布孔(kong)，單次掘進深度可(ke)以(yi)優(you)(you)化(hua)提(ti)高10%到15%不等。由于炮(pao)孔(kong)數量大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減少可(ke)以(yi)考(kao)慮一起(qi)全(quan)斷面起(qi)爆(bao)，節(jie)省(sheng)放炮(pao)時(shi)間(jian)。

對(dui)于爆破(po)作業安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu),是(shi)從兩個方(fang)面去考慮的(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面是(shi)炸(zha)和起(qi)爆器材以(yi)及對(dui)其爆炸(zha)所造成的(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞作用(yong)進行限制的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術,這是(shi)主動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)。另一(yi)(yi)個方(fang)面是(shi)對(dui)爆破(po)所產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)危害采取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)護措施(shi),這是(shi)被動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個方(fang)面。兩者對(dui)阻止爆破(po)帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞性有(you)同樣的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性,但在(zai)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)爆破(po)工(gong)程中,則常常會有(you)變化不(bu)定的(de)(de)(de)現象和后果,因此,必須(xu)對(dui)每一(yi)(yi)項工(gong)程破(po)壞的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)情況作細致的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析研究(jiu),從而采取(qu)適當的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)策。同時，雖然(ran)技(ji)術不(bu)斷取(qu)得進步(bu)，須(xu)在(zai)操作過程中注意每個工(gong)序，按照安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)程認真作業。只要(yao)嚴格遵守安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)程、正確地采取(qu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術措施(shi)和防(fang)護措施(shi),任何規(gui)(gui)模、任何種類的(de)(de)(de)爆破(po)是(shi)可以(yi)確保安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)(yi)些安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)條文是(shi)有(you)經驗教(jiao)訓(xun)和理(li)論根據的(de)(de)(de)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)甚至(zhi)是(shi)血的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)訓(xun)的(de)(de)(de)總結，所以(yi)一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)克服麻痹思想，嚴格執行安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)定，決不(bu)能(neng)以(yi)沒(mei)出過事(shi)故而輕率地"突(tu)破(po)"規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)"框框"。

1、先(xian)試探性的(de)(de)(de)咨(zi)(zi)詢制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員：您要(yao)訂(ding)爆(bao)破線產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)型號(hao)中(zhong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)母表(biao)示意(yi)思(si)；規格中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)數字(zi)(zi)(zi)表(biao)示意(yi)思(si)；執行標(biao)準(zhun)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)(zi)母及數字(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)示意(yi)思(si)。如(ru)(ru)果制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員回答時支支吾吾、一(yi)知半解(jie)甚至一(yi)無所(suo)知，可想而(er)知，其(qi)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量如(ru)(ru)何。2、任(ren)何一(yi)種產(chan)品(pin)(pin)都有(you)其(qi)適用(yong)范圍和(he)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)環境(jing)。咨(zi)(zi)詢您要(yao)訂(ding)爆(bao)破線產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)、具體使用(yong)辦(ban)法、使用(yong)環境(jing)要(yao)求。如(ru)(ru)果制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員給(gei)您的(de)(de)(de)答復與您的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求不(bu)一(yi)致，應(ying)判定(ding)為：爆(bao)破線制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)型號(hao)規格單(dan)一(yi)或(huo)者(zhe)其(qi)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)只是對其(qi)他廠商(shang)(shang)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)簡單(dan)模仿。3、正(zheng)規產(chan)品(pin)(pin)都有(you)其(qi)科學的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)工藝和(he)流程(cheng)(cheng)。原(yuan)材(cai)料合(he)(he)格供應(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)選擇評定(ding)→原(yuan)材(cai)料購(gou)進(jin)、運輸、儲存、保管→生產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量控制(zhi)(zhi)→不(bu)合(he)(he)格品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)處置及糾正(zheng)措(cuo)施(shi)→運輸交付→售后(hou)服務均有(you)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)操作規程(cheng)(cheng)。咨(zi)(zi)詢爆(bao)破線制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售人員任(ren)何一(yi)個節(jie)點(dian)，就可知其(qi)是否有(you)能(neng)力（生產(chan)管理(li)水平、專(zhuan)業設備及過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)檢(jian)測(ce)設備）生產(chan)出合(he)(he)格產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。

是由管(guan)體(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)構成(cheng)(cheng)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)為塑性材料(liao)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)，呈管(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正常炮眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可(ke)隨爆破需(xu)(xu)要生產(chan)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)兩端各有外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋，兩端外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋間有一(yi)(yi)縱向(xiang)(xiang)切縫(feng)，切縫(feng)間等距有加強筋，前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)呈傘狀(zhuang)，傘形(xing)尖有一(yi)(yi)光孔(kong)，兩側直(zhi)壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)(qian)端螺(luo)(luo)紋配合，帽(mao)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)體(ti)(ti)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)為一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，與前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)端螺(luo)(luo)紋配合。可(ke)根據炮眼(yan)深度采用合適的聚能(neng)管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)(xu)其他(ta)工具幫助送入炮眼(yan)，切縫(feng)方向(xiang)(xiang)準確，兩端的前(qian)(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與炮眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，保(bao)證(zheng)聚能(neng)管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)準確。且利于工業化生產(chan)，作業安全