聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔(ge)板(ban)、殼體(ti)、引信和(he)(he)支架等部分組成(cheng)，其(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及對(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)威(wei)力的(de)影響分述(shu)如下。1．炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)是聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆破的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)爆壓(ya)越大，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力越大；為(wei)得到高爆壓(ya)，需高爆速(su)、高密度的(de)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)有(you)梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)等，裝(zhuang)方(fang)法有(you)熔鑄(zhu)(zhu)，塑(su)裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多種。2．型(xing)罩(zhao)，型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是把炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)爆炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成(cheng)罩(zhao)體(ti)材(cai)料的(de)射流(liu)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，從(cong)而提高其(qi)穿透和(he)(he)切(qie)割能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)材(cai)料必須滿(man)足四點要求(qiu)，即可壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高、塑(su)性(xing)和(he)(he)延展性(xing)好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)射流(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)不汽化(hua)。大量試驗證明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型(xing)罩(zhao)效果好，其(qi)次為(wei)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵、鋼和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣，主要有(you)軸(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，常(chang)見的(de)有(you)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割屬板(ban)材(cai)的(de)直線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割管材(cai)的(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩(liang)種；中(zhong)(zhong)心對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，這種球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)(zhong)心有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空(kong)腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設炸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)，若(ruo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)瞬(shun)間同(tong)時起爆，可在(zai)空(kong)腔中(zhong)(zhong)心點獲得極大的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量集中(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)工程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)是軸(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)和(he)(he)面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)罩(zhao)。

專業礦用型雙向聚能管光面爆破技術優勢：相對于傳統爆破工藝，聚能管光面爆破比常規爆破具有以下優勢∶少打眼，少裝藥。節約周邊鉆孔量50%，總鉆孔進尺減少30%；節約炸藥10～20%，雷管30%。節約噴漿料15-20%。節省時間∶每循環鉆孔、裝藥、噴漿時間1.5-2.0小時。礦用型雙向聚能管公司在安(an)全方(fang)面利用水沙袋替代(dai)炮泥，以(yi)(yi)(yi)避免搗炮泥損毀電(dian)雷管導線(xian)，造成(cheng)瞎炮。大大減少(shao)(shao)對圍巖(yan)擾動，光(guang)面效果(guo)好(hao)，巖(yan)性(xing)條(tiao)件差情況下可以(yi)(yi)(yi)大大減少(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖量，控制巷道成(cheng)型(xing)；巖(yan)性(xing)完整無節(jie)理情況下眼痕率可以(yi)(yi)(yi)達到90%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，巷道成(cheng)型(xing)好(hao)，穩定性(xing)強(qiang)。布孔方(fang)式(shi)優(you)化成(cheng)多排掏槽布孔，單次掘進深度可以(yi)(yi)(yi)優(you)化提(ti)高10%到15%不(bu)等。由于(yu)炮孔數量大大減少(shao)(shao)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)考慮一起(qi)全斷面起(qi)爆(bao)，節(jie)省(sheng)放炮時間。

水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術在隧道掘進作(zuo)業中的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際應(ying)用。提(ti)升(sheng)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)水(shui)平、嚴抓隧道超(chao)挖(wa)管(guan)(guan)控進行了介紹(shao)。聚能(neng)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)(ji)術很成熟、可(ke)操作(zuo)性很強、材(cai)料成本很低、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)速度很快(kuai)、節能(neng)環(huan)保效(xiao)果很顯著(zhu)、經(jing)濟效(xiao)益社會效(xiao)益很高(gao)。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)提(ti)高(gao)對(dui)推廣該(gai)(gai)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術重要(yao)(yao)性和必然(ran)性的(de)(de)(de)認識;二是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)樹立必須采取聚能(neng)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)意識;三是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)堅(jian)持培(pei)訓、示(shi)范、監督“三位一體”;四是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)制定切實(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)獎(jiang)懲制度;五是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)立檢查(cha)監督機制，持續促進該(gai)(gai)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)深入推廣。在隧道施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)現場(chang)管(guan)(guan)理、科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新、人才培(pei)養、經(jing)濟效(xiao)益等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)足。建(jian)(jian)議對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)一線基礎技(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)推進;對(dui)新工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、先進工(gong)(gong)(gong)法要(yao)(yao)深入學習鉆研(yan);對(dui)消(xiao)極(ji)懈(xie)怠、故步(bu)自封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)思想要(yao)(yao)堅(jian)決(jue)抵(di)制。

是由(you)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)、后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)為塑性材(cai)料制成，呈管(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正(zheng)常炮眼內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可隨爆破需(xu)要生產，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)兩端(duan)各有(you)外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋，兩端(duan)外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋間(jian)有(you)一縱向切縫(feng)，切縫(feng)間(jian)等距有(you)加強筋，前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)呈傘狀(zhuang)，傘形(xing)(xing)尖有(you)一光(guang)孔，兩側直壁內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)紋配(pei)合，帽(mao)(mao)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)體(ti)，后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)為一封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一致(zhi)，后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)紋配(pei)合。可根據炮眼深度采(cai)用合適的聚能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)，不(bu)需(xu)其(qi)他工(gong)(gong)具(ju)幫助送入炮眼，切縫(feng)方向準(zhun)確(que)，兩端(duan)的前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)和后定(ding)格(ge)堵(du)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與炮眼內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一致(zhi)，保(bao)證(zheng)聚能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)同心(xin)，定(ding)向準(zhun)確(que)。且(qie)利于工(gong)(gong)業化生產，作業安(an)全