采用(yong)(yong)一種抗靜電阻(zu)燃的(de)特種塑料管、異形雙槽(cao)聚能(neng)管,根據炮眼(yan)深度可(ke)長(chang)可(ke)短(duan)(duan)。是兩個相似半(ban)壁(bi)(bi)管組成(cheng),半(ban)壁(bi)(bi)管中(zhong)央有個凹進去的(de)槽(cao)叫做'聚能(neng)槽(cao)",使用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)型效果(guo)好,開挖輪廓(kuo)線平順整齊,圍(wei)巖(yan)擾動減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠挖明顯改(gai)善,有利于支護工(gong)序施工(gong),同時混(hun)凝土回填成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)大(da)為降低(di)(di)(di)。鑿孔(kong)率(lv)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)30%,大(da)大(da)降低(di)(di)(di)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業工(gong)班的(de)勞動量(liang):鉆孔(kong)縮短(duan)(duan)30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)打眼(yan)、出(chu)渣量(liang)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao),降低(di)(di)(di)了材料成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)工(gong)時消耗、勞動效率(lv)明顯提高(gao),周邊(bian)眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)降低(di)(di)(di)30%以上,半(ban)眼(yan)痕保留(liu)率(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚能(neng)管主要應用(yong)(yong)于隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要進行光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)施工(gong)的(de)工(gong)程。采用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管的(de)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)可(ke)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)鉆孔(kong),擴大(da)孔(kong)距(ju),減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管用(yong)(yong)量(liang),減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖,減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)噴漿,提高(gao)半(ban)孔(kong)率(lv),既節(jie)省了成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)又(you)提高(gao)了施工(gong)效率(lv)。
聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)、引信和(he)(he)支架等部分(fen)(fen)組成(cheng),其(qi)作用(yong)及對(dui)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)威力(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)分(fen)(fen)述如下。1.炸(zha),炸(zha)是聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源,炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya)越大(da),聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)彈(dan)威力(li)越大(da);為得到高爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya),需高爆(bao)(bao)速、高密度(du)的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)炸(zha)有梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)等,裝(zhuang)方法有熔鑄(zhu),塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多(duo)種(zhong)。2.型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成(cheng)罩(zhao)體(ti)材料的(de)(de)(de)射流動能(neng)(neng),從而提高其(qi)穿(chuan)透和(he)(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材料必須(xu)滿足四點要(yao)求,即可壓(ya)縮(suo)性小、密度(du)高、塑性和(he)(he)延展性好,在(zai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)射流中(zhong)不汽化(hua)。大(da)量(liang)試驗證(zheng)明,用(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效果好,其(qi)次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)樣,主(zhu)要(yao)有軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),如圓(yuan)錐形(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋(pao)物(wu)線形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)等;面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)有用(yong)于切割(ge)屬(shu)板材的(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于切割(ge)管(guan)材的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩種(zhong);中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),這(zhe)種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao),中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)有球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設(she)炸(zha),若能(neng)(neng)在(zai)瞬間同時起爆(bao)(bao),可在(zai)空腔中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)點獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)。在(zai)工程中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。
是將炸藥(yao)(yao)裝在(zai)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)內,兩頭(tou)均放置了水袋,聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)爆(bao)(bao)炸產生的(de)高(gao)溫高(gao)壓(ya)射流(liu),讓水袋產生“水楔(xie)”效(xiao)應,使(shi)圍巖(yan)裂縫加劇延伸擴展。它是在(zai)水壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)基(ji)礎(chu)上發展起來的(de)一項新(xin)技術(shu),區(qu)別只(zhi)是在(zai)周(zhou)邊眼中(zhong)(zhong)安(an)裝專(zhuan)用線(xian)性聚(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)管(guan)(guan)替代常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)藥(yao)(yao)卷和傳爆(bao)(bao)線(xian),只(zhi)要做到(dao)(dao)七大(da)關(guan)鍵環節:水袋挺拔飽滿(man)、炮泥軟硬適中(zhong)(zhong)、水袋裝填(tian)(tian)到(dao)(dao)底、炮泥回(hui)填(tian)(tian)到(dao)(dao)口、木棍逐節搗(dao)固、水藥(yao)(yao)緊密(mi)相(xiang)連、槽面必須平行,就能對(dui)控(kong)制(zhi)超(chao)欠挖起到(dao)(dao)良好效(xiao)果。在(zai)推(tui)廣(guang)水壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上,去年9月,水壓(ya)聚(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)成(cheng)果上,今年更為深入(ru)地在(zai)興泉鐵(tie)路(lu)大(da)嶺隧(sui)道、牡佳鐵(tie)路(lu)麻山隧(sui)道采用了此(ci)項技術(shu),積(ji)累了成(cheng)功經(jing)驗。
施工(gong)因其復雜(za)性(xing)、專(zhuan)業(ye)性(xing)、危(wei)險性(xing),稍有不(bu)(bu)(bu)慎,將對人(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命財產安全造成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)估量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失,例如廣東宏大寧夏“10.16”、山東保利“5.20”等重大安全事(shi)故。因此(ci),相(xiang)(xiang)較其他行業(ye),國家出臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)關法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規多、專(zhuan)、嚴(yan)(yan),從爆(bao)(bao)破(po)材料(liao)(炸藥、雷管、導爆(bao)(bao)索?管?及相(xiang)(xiang)關材料(liao))的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產、購進、運輸(shu)、儲存、發放、布網(wang)、連接、起爆(bao)(bao)、排爆(bao)(bao)等一系列程序均有嚴(yan)(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)規定和科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)操作規程,并且(qie)相(xiang)(xiang)關從業(ye)單位和人(ren)員(yuan)均應取得(de)相(xiang)(xiang)應資(zi)質。做(zuo)為各類爆(bao)(bao)破(po)中不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)或(huo)缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種導線,特別不(bu)(bu)(bu)同于(yu)一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)電線電纜,其質量(liang)要(yao)求及各項技術(shu)參數也與普通(tong)電線電纜不(bu)(bu)(bu)同。部分家庭作坊式的(de)(de)(de)(de)電線電纜廠(chang)無(wu)科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)藝(yi)、無(wu)基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測設(she)備、無(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan),甚至不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)道(dao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)要(yao)求和技術(shu)參數,更不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)能制訂(ding)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)標準,僅(jin)憑簡陋的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備、以粗糙的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)仿進行生(sheng)(sheng)產經營(ying)活(huo)動(dong),致(zhi)使市場充斥著(zhu)假冒偽劣產品,導致(zhi)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)中提前或(huo)延遲起爆(bao)(bao)、盲(mang)炮增加且(qie)強制排爆(bao)(bao)困難,給人(ren)身安全和財產以及正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產經營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)造成(cheng)了不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)估量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。
鶴壁c型聚能管是由管體、前錐形定格帽、后定格堵構成,管體為塑性材料制成,呈管狀,管體外徑小于正常炮眼內徑,長度可隨爆破需要生產,管體兩端各有外螺紋,兩端外螺紋間有一縱向切縫,切縫間等距有加強筋,前錐形定格帽呈傘狀,傘形尖有一光孔,兩側直壁內徑有螺紋,與管體外徑前端螺紋配合,帽體外徑大于管體,后定格堵為一封蓋,外徑直徑大于管體外徑,與前錐形定格帽外徑一致,后定格堵內徑有螺紋,與管體外徑后端螺紋配合。專業c型聚能管可根(gen)據炮眼(yan)深度采(cai)用合適的聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體,不(bu)需其他工(gong)具幫(bang)助(zhu)送(song)入(ru)炮眼(yan),切縫方向(xiang)準確,兩端的前錐形定(ding)格帽和(he)后(hou)定(ding)格堵外徑與炮眼(yan)內徑一致,保證聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體同心,定(ding)向(xiang)準確。且(qie)利(li)于工(gong)業化生產(chan),作業安全