對(dui)于爆破(po)作(zuo)業安(an)(an)全技(ji)術的(de)(de)研(yan)究,是(shi)(shi)從兩(liang)個方(fang)面(mian)去考慮的(de)(de)，一方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)炸(zha)和(he)起爆器(qi)材以及對(dui)其爆炸(zha)所造成(cheng)的(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)作(zuo)用進(jin)行限制(zhi)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全技(ji)術,這是(shi)(shi)主動(dong)的(de)(de)。另一個方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)爆破(po)所產(chan)生的(de)(de)危害采(cai)取(qu)的(de)(de)防(fang)護措施(shi),這是(shi)(shi)被動(dong)的(de)(de)一個方(fang)面(mian)。兩(liang)者對(dui)阻止爆破(po)帶來的(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)性(xing)有同樣的(de)(de)重要性(xing),但在(zai)具體(ti)的(de)(de)爆破(po)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中,則常常會有變化不定的(de)(de)現象(xiang)和(he)后果,因(yin)此,必(bi)須(xu)對(dui)每(mei)一項工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)破(po)壞(huai)的(de)(de)具體(ti)情況作(zuo)細致的(de)(de)分析研(yan)究,從而采(cai)取(qu)適當的(de)(de)對(dui)策(ce)。同時，雖然(ran)技(ji)術不斷取(qu)得進(jin)步，須(xu)在(zai)操作(zuo)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中注意每(mei)個工序，按(an)照安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)認(ren)真作(zuo)業。只要嚴(yan)格遵守安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、正確(que)地(di)采(cai)取(qu)安(an)(an)全技(ji)術措施(shi)和(he)防(fang)護措施(shi),任何規(gui)(gui)模、任何種類(lei)的(de)(de)爆破(po)是(shi)(shi)可以確(que)保安(an)(an)全的(de)(de)。一些(xie)安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)條文是(shi)(shi)有經驗教訓和(he)理(li)論根據的(de)(de)，有的(de)(de)甚至是(shi)(shi)血的(de)(de)教訓的(de)(de)總結(jie)，所以一定要克服麻痹(bi)思想，嚴(yan)格執行安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定，決不能(neng)以沒出過事故而輕率地(di)"突破(po)"規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)"框框"。

的軍事應用(yong)：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術，早在(zai)二次世界大戰期間就在(zai)軍事方面(mian)廣(guang)泛應用(yong)。國(guo)內在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)能破(po)甲技(ji)(ji)術如大錐角(jiao)反艦(jian)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)戰斗(dou)部和大錐角(jiao)反坦(tan)克地雷以及敏(min)感(gan)彈(dan)(dan)戰斗(dou)部等方面(mian)取得了較(jiao)為快(kuai)速(su)的發展，我國(guo)20世紀(ji)60年代(dai)(dai)打破(po)國(guo)外技(ji)(ji)術封鎖獨立自(zi)主研(yan)發成(cheng)功原子(zi)彈(dan)(dan)就是(shi)(shi)得力(li)于聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術轟(hong)擊(ji)核裝置而引(yin)爆(bao)(bao)原子(zi)彈(dan)(dan)。的民爆(bao)(bao)應用(yong)——切(qie)(qie)槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)用(yong)于工程建設也是(shi)(shi)20世紀(ji)60年代(dai)(dai)開始的，首先是(shi)(shi)瑞典的U﹒Langefors提出孔壁切(qie)(qie)槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)利用(yong)槽(cao)(cao)口應力(li)集中定向開裂(lie)的設想，后經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗(yan)證(zheng)是(shi)(shi)有效的。70年代(dai)(dai)國(guo)外廣(guang)泛研(yan)究和應用(yong)了切(qie)(qie)槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術。

專業深孔爆破聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管，根據炮眼深度可長可短。蚌埠深孔爆破聚能管是兩個相似(si)半(ban)(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)中央有個凹進去(qu)的槽(cao)叫做'聚能槽(cao)"，使用(yong)(yong)聚能管(guan)光(guang)面爆破(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)型效(xiao)(xiao)果好，開挖(wa)輪廓(kuo)線平順整(zheng)齊，圍巖擾動(dong)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠(qian)挖(wa)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)改善，有利于支護工(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong)，同時(shi)混(hun)凝土回填(tian)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)大(da)(da)為(wei)降低(di)(di)(di)。鑿孔率減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)30%，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降低(di)(di)(di)了爆破(po)(po)作業工(gong)(gong)班(ban)的勞動(dong)量:鉆孔縮短30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)打眼、出渣量減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)，降低(di)(di)(di)了材料成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)消耗、勞動(dong)效(xiao)(xiao)率明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao)，周邊眼爆破(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)降低(di)(di)(di)30%以上(shang)，半(ban)(ban)(ban)眼痕保(bao)留(liu)率高(gao)達85%以上(shang)。pvc爆破(po)(po)聚能管(guan)主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于隧道(dao)、煤礦、鐵礦等(deng)需要進行光(guang)面爆破(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)聚能管(guan)的光(guang)面爆破(po)(po)可減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)鉆孔，擴大(da)(da)孔距，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)導(dao)爆管(guan)用(yong)(yong)量，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖(wa)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)噴(pen)漿，提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)(ban)(ban)孔率，既(ji)節省了成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)又提(ti)高(gao)了施工(gong)(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)率。

水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和(he)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)方式與(yu)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)相同，但在周邊眼中(zhong)安(an)裝專用(yong)(yong)(yong)線性聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)替代常規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)藥卷和(he)傳爆(bao)(bao)線，利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)線性聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)產(chan)生(sheng)的粒子(zi)射流動能(neng)(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)氣(qi)(qi)體應力(li)及“氣(qi)(qi)楔”作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，形成平整圓順的開(kai)挖輪廓面(mian)(mian)，對控制超欠挖具有良好效果，有效提升了隧道施工質量(liang)、進度和(he)經濟效益。水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)較(jiao)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，在周邊眼單循(xun)環(huan)火工品使用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節約費用(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量(liang)從39個(ge)下降(jiang)為23個(ge)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米(mi)(mi)節約1.37立方米(mi)(mi)。聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)比(bi)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)每循(xun)環(huan)節約費用(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每延米(mi)(mi)節約76較(jiao)元(yuan)，節約費用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)例達32%。此外(wai)，聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)(neng)有效降(jiang)低隧道內石渣塊度和(he)粉塵含量(liang)，還可使通風時間有效縮短33%。

在工(gong)程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，常(chang)用的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使(shi)雷管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進(jin)而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所需的(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)網路(lu)的(de)連(lian)接形式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工(gong)程的(de)重要(yao)性、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)等進(jin)行選擇，基(ji)本(ben)連(lian)接方(fang)式有(you)：串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)、并聯(lian)(lian)(lian)、串(chuan)(chuan)并聯(lian)(lian)(lian)和并串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)較安全(quan)、可靠、準確、高效等優點，在國內外仍占有(you)較大(da)比重。在大(da)、中型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，主要(yao)仍是(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別(bie)是(shi)在有(you)瓦(wa)斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)環(huan)境中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主要(yao)的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受(shou)各(ge)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)干擾而(er)發(fa)生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)環(huan)境中，不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管。