在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)(zhong)，常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)火索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)器材有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連接形(xing)式，要(yao)(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)方(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)規模(mo)、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)性(xing)、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及(ji)其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)等進行選擇，基本(ben)連接方(fang)式有：串聯、并聯、串并聯和并串聯等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有較安全(quan)、可靠、準(zhun)確、高效等優點，在(zai)國內外仍占有較大比重。在(zai)大、中(zhong)(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)(zhong)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)仍是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別是在(zai)有瓦(wa)斯、礦塵(chen)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容(rong)易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾而(er)發(fa)生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)有雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)能(neng)使用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)。

對(dui)于爆(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)安(an)全(quan)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)研究(jiu),是(shi)從(cong)兩個方(fang)(fang)面去考慮的(de)(de)，一方(fang)(fang)面是(shi)炸和(he)起爆(bao)器材以(yi)及對(dui)其爆(bao)炸所(suo)造成的(de)(de)破(po)壞作(zuo)用進行限制的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)技(ji)術(shu),這(zhe)是(shi)主(zhu)動的(de)(de)。另一個方(fang)(fang)面是(shi)對(dui)爆(bao)破(po)所(suo)產生的(de)(de)危(wei)害采(cai)取(qu)的(de)(de)防(fang)護措(cuo)施,這(zhe)是(shi)被(bei)動的(de)(de)一個方(fang)(fang)面。兩者對(dui)阻止爆(bao)破(po)帶來的(de)(de)破(po)壞性有(you)同(tong)樣的(de)(de)重要性,但在具體的(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)工程(cheng)(cheng)中,則(ze)常常會有(you)變化不定(ding)的(de)(de)現象和(he)后果,因此,必須(xu)對(dui)每一項工程(cheng)(cheng)破(po)壞的(de)(de)具體情況(kuang)作(zuo)細致的(de)(de)分析研究(jiu),從(cong)而(er)采(cai)取(qu)適(shi)當的(de)(de)對(dui)策(ce)。同(tong)時，雖然技(ji)術(shu)不斷取(qu)得進步，須(xu)在操作(zuo)過程(cheng)(cheng)中注(zhu)意每個工序，按照安(an)全(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)認真作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)。只要嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守(shou)安(an)全(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)、正(zheng)確地采(cai)取(qu)安(an)全(quan)技(ji)術(shu)措(cuo)施和(he)防(fang)護措(cuo)施,任何(he)規(gui)模(mo)、任何(he)種類(lei)的(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)是(shi)可以(yi)確保安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)。一些安(an)全(quan)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)條文是(shi)有(you)經(jing)驗(yan)教訓和(he)理論根據的(de)(de)，有(you)的(de)(de)甚至(zhi)是(shi)血的(de)(de)教訓的(de)(de)總結，所(suo)以(yi)一定(ding)要克服麻痹(bi)思想，嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行安(an)全(quan)規(gui)定(ding)，決(jue)不能以(yi)沒出(chu)過事故(gu)而(er)輕率地"突破(po)"規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)"框框"。

水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同，但在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，利用線性聚能藥管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用，形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面，對控制超欠挖具有良好效果，有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。專用雙向爆破聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。聚能水壓光面爆破比水壓光面爆破每循環節約費用258.4元，即每延米節約76較元，節約費用比例達32%。此外，專用雙向爆破聚能管聚能(neng)水壓(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)破能(neng)有(you)效降(jiang)低隧道內石渣塊度和粉塵含量，還可使通風時(shi)間有(you)效縮(suo)短33%。

使用單位或經(jing)銷(xiao)(xiao)商在日(ri)常采(cai)購(gou)中使用搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)引擎(qing)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)廠(chang)商并購(gou)買產(chan)品(pin)已經(jing)成為很(hen)多企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)經(jing)銷(xiao)(xiao)商的(de)(de)(de)主要采(cai)購(gou)手(shou)段。根據(ju)我們從事(shi)網(wang)絡(luo)營(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)歷(li)，總結出(chu)以下幾點注意事(shi)項，希望(wang)能對(dui)采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)起到一(yi)些(xie)幫助作(zuo)用。1、采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)型(xing)號規(gui)(gui)格(ge)、質(zhi)量標(biao)準、技術(shu)參數應與采(cai)購(gou)計劃相符(fu)。2、采(cai)購(gou)產(chan)品(pin)時(shi)，就(jiu)是(shi)通過搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)引擎(qing)搜(sou)(sou)索(suo)自己(ji)需求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)，找出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)和(he)銷(xiao)(xiao)售該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，然(ran)后查看該(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)網(wang)站(zhan)是(shi)否經(jing)過其所(suo)在省份(fen)工(gong)信廳(ting)備案(an)，并登錄(lu)查驗。3、查看該(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)網(wang)站(zhan)欄(lan)目(mu)配置、欄(lan)目(mu)內容是(shi)否足夠(gou)專業(ye)(ye)，如(ru)大(da)量出(chu)現與采(cai)購(gou)產(chan)品(pin)無關、雜亂(luan)無章的(de)(de)(de)，聯系地(di)址標(biao)明xxx工(gong)業(ye)(ye)區、示范園而(er)沒有路牌號的(de)(de)(de)，只有手(shou)機號碼(ma)而(er)沒有固定(ding)電話、傳真地(di)的(de)(de)(de)，足可認定(ding)該(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)為非正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)家庭作(zuo)坊，不宜作(zuo)為采(cai)購(gou)對(dui)象。

預裂(lie)(lie)(lie)與光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)歷史與現狀(zhuang)(zhuang)：預裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿(yan)(yan)設(she)計(ji)開挖邊界(jie)布置密集炮孔(kong)(kong)，采(cai)(cai)取不耦(ou)(ou)合(he)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或裝(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區與保(bao)留(liu)(liu)區之(zhi)間(jian)形(xing)成預裂(lie)(lie)(lie)縫，以(yi)減弱(ruo)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)對保(bao)留(liu)(liu)巖體的(de)破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞(huai)并(bing)形(xing)成平(ping)整(zheng)輪(lun)廓面(mian)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業。光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿(yan)(yan)設(she)計(ji)開挖邊界(jie)布設(she)密集炮孔(kong)(kong)，采(cai)(cai)用不耦(ou)(ou)合(he)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)或裝(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)以(yi)形(xing)成平(ping)整(zheng)的(de)開挖輪(lun)廓面(mian)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發展(zhan)是先出現光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，然(ran)后(hou)衍生發展(zhan)為預裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國內歷史與現狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，我(wo)國于1964～1965年(nian)在湖北陸水水電站施工中做過淺孔(kong)(kong)預裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)試驗，1965年(nian)鐵(tie)道部門(men)在成昆(kun)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)建設(she)中開始試驗光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在西延線張(zhang)家船工點，全長(chang)近200m的(de)2000m2路(lu)(lu)塹(qian)邊坡全部采(cai)(cai)用光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后(hou)邊坡平(ping)整(zheng)穩(wen)定，殘(can)留(liu)(liu)的(de)半孔(kong)(kong)清晰可見，是鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)建設(she)中采(cai)(cai)用路(lu)(lu)塹(qian)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。