使用(yong)(yong)單位(wei)或經(jing)(jing)銷(xiao)商在日常采(cai)購(gou)(gou)中使用(yong)(yong)搜索引擎(qing)搜索生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠商并(bing)購(gou)(gou)買產(chan)(chan)品已經(jing)(jing)成為很多企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業和(he)經(jing)(jing)銷(xiao)商的主要采(cai)購(gou)(gou)手段(duan)。根據我們從(cong)事網絡營銷(xiao)的經(jing)(jing)歷,總結出(chu)(chu)(chu)以下幾點注意事項,希望能(neng)對(dui)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業起到一些幫助(zhu)作用(yong)(yong)。1、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的產(chan)(chan)品型號規(gui)(gui)格、質量(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)、技術參數應與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)計劃相符。2、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)品時,就(jiu)是通過(guo)搜索引擎(qing)搜索自(zi)己需求的產(chan)(chan)品,找出(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)銷(xiao)售該(gai)(gai)(gai)產(chan)(chan)品的企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業,然(ran)后查看該(gai)(gai)(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業網站是否經(jing)(jing)過(guo)其所在省份工信廳(ting)備案,并(bing)登錄查驗。3、查看該(gai)(gai)(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業網站欄目(mu)配(pei)置、欄目(mu)內(nei)容是否足(zu)夠(gou)專業,如大量(liang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)品無(wu)關、雜(za)亂無(wu)章的,聯系地址標(biao)明xxx工業區、示范(fan)園(yuan)而(er)沒(mei)有(you)路牌號的,只有(you)手機號碼而(er)沒(mei)有(you)固定電(dian)話、傳真(zhen)地的,足(zu)可認定該(gai)(gai)(gai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業為非(fei)正規(gui)(gui)的家庭作坊,不宜(yi)作為采(cai)購(gou)(gou)對(dui)象。
各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)器材銷毀以(yi)及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)器材意外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)時(shi),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)源與(yu)人(ren)員和其(qi)他保(bao)(bao)護對象(xiang)之(zhi)間的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)應取各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)效應(地震、沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)、飛石、有(you)(you)毒氣體等)分別(bie)核(he)定(ding)(ding)的大值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時(shi),必(bi)(bi)(bi)然產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地震、空氣沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)、碎(sui)石飛散及(ji)有(you)(you)害氣體,因此,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設計時(shi)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須確(que)定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)危(wei)害范圍(wei),并確(que)定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附近(jin)人(ren)員、設備、建筑(zhu)物(wu)及(ji)井巷(xiang)等的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan),這一段(duan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。如何控制好這段(duan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就顯的尤為(wei)(wei)重要。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地點與(yu)人(ren)員或其(qi)他應保(bao)(bao)護對象(xiang)之(zhi)間必(bi)(bi)(bi)須保(bao)(bao)持(chi)短的相隔長度(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)(you)害效應隨(sui)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)的增加(jia)有(you)(you)規律(lv)地衰(shuai)減,用(yong)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)作為(wei)(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)尺度(du)可限(xian)定(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)(you)害效應在允許限(xian)度(du)之(zhi)內。中國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)規程》規定(ding)(ding)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地震安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li),個別(bie)飛散物(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li),以(yi)及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。
我國于1983年制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖行(xing)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自(zi)此(ci)(ci),在(zai)水(shui)利(li)水(shui)電建(jian)設中預(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已成(cheng)為(wei)必(bi)須進行(xing)的(de)保護邊(bian)坡質量(liang)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)技(ji)術(shu)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。此(ci)(ci)后(hou)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)上修訂的(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖石(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以(yi)及在(zai)《水(shui)電水(shui)利(li)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(DL/T 5135—2001)和《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖石(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(DL/T 5389~2007)中預(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均(jun)被編入并有所改(gai)進,DL/T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編為(wei)DL/T 5135—2012。鐵道部(bu)也不僅(jin)規(gui)定(ding)了(le)凡是Ⅲ級以(yi)上的(de)巖石(shi)邊(bian)坡,設計邊(bian)坡坡度為(wei)1:0.1~1:0.75,在(zai)邊(bian)坡部(bu)位的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設計和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應(ying)采(cai)用光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或預(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),并闡述了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)設計的(de)原則和參數、安全措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),而且(qie)還(huan)明確了(le)路塹邊(bian)坡光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項目質量(liang)驗收檢測(ce)數量(liang)和檢測(ce)方法。無疑該規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),有力地推(tui)動和促進了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)在(zai)鐵路建(jian)設中的(de)應(ying)用與(yu)發展。
水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術,其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同,但在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線,利用線性聚能藥管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用,形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面,對控制超欠挖具有良好效果,有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。專業雙向爆破聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破,在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%,周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%,混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。聚能水壓光面爆破比水壓光面爆破每循環節約費用258.4元,即每延米節約76較元,節約費用比例達32%。此外,專業雙向爆破聚能管聚能(neng)水(shui)壓光面爆破能(neng)有效降低隧道(dao)內石渣(zha)塊度和粉塵含量(liang),還可使(shi)通(tong)風時間有效縮短33%。