我(wo)國于(yu)1983年(nian)制定(ding)了(le)(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物巖行(xing)基(ji)(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術規范(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此(ci)(ci)，在(zai)水(shui)利(li)水(shui)電(dian)建(jian)(jian)設(she)中預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)與光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)已成為必(bi)須進行(xing)的(de)保護(hu)邊(bian)(bian)坡質量的(de)爆(bao)破(po)開(kai)挖技術措施(shi)。此(ci)(ci)后在(zai)此(ci)(ci)基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)修訂(ding)的(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物巖石基(ji)(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術規范(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)電(dian)水(shui)利(li)爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術規范(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)(he)(he)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑物巖石基(ji)(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術規范(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)與光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)均被編入(ru)并有(you)所改(gai)進，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部也不僅規定(ding)了(le)(le)凡是Ⅲ級(ji)以上(shang)的(de)巖石邊(bian)(bian)坡，設(she)計(ji)(ji)邊(bian)(bian)坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊(bian)(bian)坡部位(wei)的(de)爆(bao)破(po)設(she)計(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)都應采用光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)或預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)，并闡述了(le)(le)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技術設(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)原則和(he)(he)(he)參數(shu)、安(an)全措施(shi)，而且還明確了(le)(le)路塹邊(bian)(bian)坡光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)項(xiang)目質量驗收(shou)檢(jian)測(ce)數(shu)量和(he)(he)(he)檢(jian)測(ce)方法(fa)。無疑該規程(cheng)的(de)實施(shi)，有(you)力地推(tui)動和(he)(he)(he)促進了(le)(le)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)技術在(zai)鐵路建(jian)(jian)設(she)中的(de)應用與發(fa)展(zhan)。

專業o型聚能管光面爆破技術優勢：相對于傳統爆破工藝，聚能管光面爆破比常規爆破具有以下優勢∶少打眼，少裝藥。節約周邊鉆孔量50%，總鉆孔進尺減少30%；節約炸藥10～20%，雷管30%。節約噴漿料15-20%。節省時間∶每循環鉆孔、裝藥、噴漿時間1.5-2.0小時。o型聚能管價格在安(an)全(quan)方面(mian)(mian)利用水(shui)沙袋替代炮泥，以(yi)避免搗炮泥損(sun)毀(hui)電雷管(guan)導(dao)線，造成(cheng)(cheng)瞎炮。大大減(jian)少(shao)對圍巖擾動，光面(mian)(mian)效果(guo)好，巖性條(tiao)件差情況(kuang)下(xia)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)大大減(jian)少(shao)超挖量，控制巷道成(cheng)(cheng)型；巖性完整無(wu)節(jie)理(li)情況(kuang)下(xia)眼痕率可(ke)(ke)以(yi)達(da)到90%以(yi)上(shang)，巷道成(cheng)(cheng)型好，穩定性強。布(bu)孔(kong)方式(shi)優(you)化成(cheng)(cheng)多(duo)排掏槽(cao)布(bu)孔(kong)，單次(ci)掘進深度可(ke)(ke)以(yi)優(you)化提高10%到15%不等。由于炮孔(kong)數量大大減(jian)少(shao)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)考慮一(yi)起(qi)全(quan)斷面(mian)(mian)起(qi)爆，節(jie)省(sheng)放炮時間。

我(wo)國20世紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)利用斷裂力學(xue)(xue)對巖石損傷引起的(de)(de)(de)裂紋(wen)擴(kuo)展進行過試驗研(yan)究(jiu)，為聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)爆(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用到工程做(zuo)了不少(shao)理論(lun)分析，也取得(de)一些進展。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)期開(kai)始進行應(ying)用研(yan)究(jiu)，以北京礦業(ye)學(xue)(xue)院為代(dai)(dai)表，著重(zhong)研(yan)究(jiu)了聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)包切割(ge)饑理和應(ying)用。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)淮南礦業(ye)學(xue)(xue)院取得(de)“雙(shuang)面切割(ge)器”的(de)(de)(de)zhuanli，1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)又取得(de)“大理石花崗巖切割(ge)技(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用”zhuanli。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國水電(dian)七局曾試圖(tu)采用硬質紙加工聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)管成(cheng)形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)卷做(zuo)過聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)預裂爆(bao)破試驗研(yan)究(jiu)，但終(zhong)因當時的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)及工藝水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)限制無法(fa)用于(yu)正常施(shi)工，但是他們開(kai)了橢(tuo)圓雙(shuang)極線(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)結構(gou)試驗的(de)(de)(de)先河(he)。雙(shuang)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)預裂與光面爆(bao)破綜合(he)技(ji)術(shu)開(kai)創輪(lun)廓控制爆(bao)破新時代(dai)(dai)。

在鐵路、礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)、水(shui)庫等(deng)大型工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中，爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)(hen)關鍵很(hen)(hen)重要。采(cai)礦(kuang)(kuang)修路的(de)(de)(de)(de)開山(shan)挖隧道，城市對(dui)舊建筑物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)拆(chai)除，都會用(yong)(yong)(yong)到爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)。隨(sui)著經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展、工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)增多(duo)，爆(bao)破(po)(po)引(yin)起(qi)了人們更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注(zhu)。爆(bao)破(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)作(zuo)為一(yi)種科學技(ji)術(shu)，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)(hen)廣，但(dan)在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)無疑(yi)是(shi)重要、常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，采(cai)礦(kuang)(kuang)開山(shan)，修鐵路、公(gong)路用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉆爆(bao)法來(lai)開掘(jue)隧道，水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)上也用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)些，城市里面(mian)也使用(yong)(yong)(yong)了，拆(chai)除樓房。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)炸爆(bao)炸產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大能(neng)量破(po)(po)壞某種物(wu)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)原結(jie)構，這(zhe)(zhe)種"破(po)(po)壞"效果不(bu)(bu)是(shi)其他方法能(neng)代替的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它雖然不(bu)(bu)是(shi)獨立完成(cheng)一(yi)個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，但(dan)卻是(shi)一(yi)個重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)序(xu)，特別是(shi)石方開挖、礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)開采(cai)等(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)缺少了這(zhe)(zhe)個工(gong)序(xu)還不(bu)(bu)行。中國目前有發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵路和(he)公(gong)路交通網，可以想(xiang)象，當(dang)初(chu)在修這(zhe)(zhe)些路的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候會遇到許多(duo)高山(shan)峻(jun)嶺，一(yi)座(zuo)大山(shan)橫在兩地之間，想(xiang)要修路，就必須讓這(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)山(shan)消(xiao)失，這(zhe)(zhe)個時候聚能(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)就起(qi)到決定性作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了。

在(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導火(huo)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使(shi)(shi)雷管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)、導線和起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連接形式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工程的(de)(de)重(zhong)要性(xing)、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及其起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)等(deng)進行選擇(ze)，基本連接方(fang)(fang)(fang)式有(you)(you)(you)(you)：串聯、并聯、串并聯和并串聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準(zhun)確、高效等(deng)優點，在(zai)國內外(wai)仍占有(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大比重(zhong)。在(zai)大、中(zhong)(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，主要仍是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主要的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)干(gan)擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)能使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)。

1、先試(shi)探性的(de)(de)咨(zi)詢制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)：您要訂爆(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)型號(hao)中字(zi)母表(biao)示意(yi)思；規(gui)格(ge)中的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)表(biao)示意(yi)思；執(zhi)行標準中的(de)(de)字(zi)母及(ji)(ji)(ji)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)的(de)(de)表(biao)示意(yi)思。如果制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)回答(da)時支支吾吾、一(yi)(yi)知半解甚至一(yi)(yi)無(wu)所知，可想而(er)知，其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量如何(he)。2、任何(he)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)都(dou)有(you)其(qi)(qi)適(shi)用(yong)范圍和一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)環(huan)(huan)境。咨(zi)詢您要訂爆(bao)破線(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)性能(neng)、具體使(shi)用(yong)辦(ban)法(fa)、使(shi)用(yong)環(huan)(huan)境要求。如果制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)給您的(de)(de)答(da)復與(yu)您的(de)(de)要求不一(yi)(yi)致，應判定(ding)為：爆(bao)破線(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)型號(hao)規(gui)格(ge)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)或者其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)只是對其(qi)(qi)他(ta)廠(chang)商(shang)(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)簡單(dan)模仿(fang)。3、正規(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)都(dou)有(you)其(qi)(qi)科學的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝和流程。原材(cai)料合格(ge)供應商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)選擇評定(ding)→原材(cai)料購進、運輸、儲存、保管→生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程質量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)→不合格(ge)品(pin)的(de)(de)處置及(ji)(ji)(ji)糾正措施→運輸交付(fu)→售(shou)(shou)后服務均(jun)有(you)嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)操(cao)作規(gui)程。咨(zi)詢爆(bao)破線(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)(shang)銷售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)任何(he)一(yi)(yi)個節點(dian)，就可知其(qi)(qi)是否有(you)能(neng)力（生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管理水平、專(zhuan)業設(she)備(bei)(bei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)過程檢測設(she)備(bei)(bei)）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出合格(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。