我國于1983年制定了《水工建筑物巖行基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，多向聚能管價格在水利水電建設中預裂爆破與光面爆破已成為必須進行的保護邊坡質量的爆破開挖技術措施。此后在此基礎上修訂的《水工建筑物巖石基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(SL 47一1994)以及在《水電水利爆破工程施工技術規范》(DL／T 5135—2001)和《水工建筑物巖石基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預裂爆破與光面爆破均被編入并有所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在修編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部也不僅規定了凡是Ⅲ級以上的巖石邊坡，設計邊坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，專用多向聚能管在邊坡部(bu)位的(de)(de)爆破(po)(po)(po)設計(ji)和施工都應采用(yong)光面(mian)爆破(po)(po)(po)或預裂(lie)爆破(po)(po)(po)，并(bing)闡述了(le)光面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆破(po)(po)(po)施工技(ji)術(shu)設計(ji)的(de)(de)原則和參數、安全措施，而且(qie)還明確了(le)路塹邊坡光面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆破(po)(po)(po)項目質量驗(yan)收檢測(ce)數量和檢測(ce)方法。無疑該規程的(de)(de)實施，有力地(di)推(tui)動和促進了(le)光面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)在鐵(tie)路建(jian)設中的(de)(de)應用(yong)與發展。

施(shi)工因(yin)其復(fu)雜(za)性(xing)、專(zhuan)業(ye)性(xing)、危險(xian)性(xing)，稍(shao)有(you)不(bu)(bu)慎(shen)，將對人(ren)民的(de)生(sheng)命財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)安(an)全(quan)造成不(bu)(bu)可(ke)估(gu)量(liang)的(de)損失(shi)，例如廣東(dong)宏大寧夏“10.16”、山東(dong)保利“5.20”等重大安(an)全(quan)事故。因(yin)此，相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)較其他行業(ye)，國家(jia)出臺(tai)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)多、專(zhuan)、嚴，從爆(bao)(bao)破材料（炸藥、雷管(guan)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索?管(guan)?及相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關材料）的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、購進、運(yun)輸、儲(chu)存、發(fa)放、布網、連接、起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)、排(pai)爆(bao)(bao)等一系(xi)列程(cheng)序均(jun)有(you)嚴格的(de)法(fa)律規(gui)定和(he)科學的(de)操(cao)作規(gui)程(cheng)，并且相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關從業(ye)單位和(he)人(ren)員均(jun)應(ying)取(qu)得相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)資質(zhi)。做為各類(lei)爆(bao)(bao)破中不(bu)(bu)可(ke)或缺的(de)一種導(dao)線，特別(bie)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于一般的(de)電(dian)線電(dian)纜，其質(zhi)量(liang)要求及各項(xiang)技(ji)術(shu)參(can)數也與普通電(dian)線電(dian)纜不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。部(bu)分家(jia)庭(ting)作坊式的(de)電(dian)線電(dian)纜廠無(wu)(wu)科學的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工藝、無(wu)(wu)基本的(de)檢測(ce)設(she)備、無(wu)(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)員，甚至(zhi)不(bu)(bu)知道爆(bao)(bao)破線的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)要求和(he)技(ji)術(shu)參(can)數，更不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能制訂自己的(de)企業(ye)標準，僅憑簡陋的(de)設(she)備、以(yi)粗(cu)糙的(de)模仿進行生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)活動，致使市場(chang)充斥著假冒偽劣產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，導(dao)致爆(bao)(bao)破中提前或延(yan)遲起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)、盲炮增加(jia)且強制排(pai)爆(bao)(bao)困難，給人(ren)身安(an)全(quan)和(he)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)以(yi)及正常的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)活動造成了不(bu)(bu)可(ke)估(gu)量(liang)的(de)損失(shi)。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使(shi)雷(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接形(xing)式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方法(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規(gui)模、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)等進行選擇，基本(ben)連(lian)接方式有(you)：串(chuan)聯(lian)、并(bing)聯(lian)、串(chuan)并(bing)聯(lian)和(he)并(bing)串(chuan)聯(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具(ju)有(you)較安(an)全(quan)、可靠(kao)、準確、高效等優(you)點，在(zai)(zai)(zai)國內(nei)外仍占有(you)較大比(bi)重(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)大、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主(zhu)要(yao)仍是(shi)(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵(chen)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)干擾而發(fa)生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不能使(shi)用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)。

各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)器材銷(xiao)毀(hui)以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)器材意外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸時，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)源與人員(yuan)和其他(ta)保護(hu)對象(xiang)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)應取各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)效應（地震(zhen)、沖擊波(bo)、飛(fei)石(shi)、有毒氣體(ti)等）分別核定的(de)(de)(de)大(da)值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)時，必然產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地震(zhen)、空氣沖擊波(bo)、碎石(shi)飛(fei)散及有害氣體(ti)，因此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)設計時必須(xu)確定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)危害范(fan)圍(wei)，并確定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)點到(dao)附近人員(yuan)、設備(bei)、建筑(zhu)物及井(jing)巷等的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，這一段距離(li)(li)(li)(li)就稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)。如(ru)何控制好這段距離(li)(li)(li)(li)就顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)尤為(wei)重要。為(wei)保證爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地點與人員(yuan)或其他(ta)應保護(hu)對象(xiang)之間(jian)必須(xu)保持短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)隔長(chang)度。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)有害效應隨距離(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)增加有規律地衰減，用(yong)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)尺度可限定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)有害效應在允許限度之內(nei)。中(zhong)國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)規程》規定了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地震(zhen)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)，個別飛(fei)散物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸沖擊波(bo)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)(li)。