專(zhuan)注爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)批發(fa)銷售。隨著(zhu)中(zhong)國(guo)現代(dai)化(hua)建設的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業環境(jing)越(yue)來越(yue)復雜,對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)要求(qiu)可能(neng)也會越(yue)來越(yue)高(gao)。盡(jin)管(guan)我(wo)們工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術已達到很(hen)高(gao)水(shui)平,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業是(shi)一項危險(xian)性的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo),大家知道,一次爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)事故(gu),可能(neng)會造成(cheng)(cheng)人(ren)民生命和財產(chan)的(de)損(sun)失,也可能(neng)導致(zhi)環境(jing)受(shou)到破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞。為了安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan),在工程(cheng)實踐中(zhong),往(wang)往(wang)有(you)許(xu)多要求(qiu)和標準(zhun)需要我(wo)們努(nu)力(li)去解(jie)決,比如嚴格(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)的(de)振動效(xiao)應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)沖擊波、噪聲(sheng)、粉(fen)塵等(deng)影響,要預(yu)防電干擾等(deng)對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業的(de)威脅,還要關(guan)注水(shui)土保持、環境(jing)保護等(deng)問(wen)(wen)題。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)(wen)題一直是(shi)各方(fang)面所重(zhong)視的(de)問(wen)(wen)題,已形成(cheng)(cheng)了一種專(zhuan)業化(hua)的(de)規(gui)范(fan)、制(zhi)度和技術。如中(zhong)國(guo)自(zi)1992年(nian)頒布《拆除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)》,通(tong)過拆除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)分級管(guan)理(li)(li)、承(cheng)擔單位及人(ren)員資格(ge)審查、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術人(ren)員培(pei)訓與(yu)考(kao)核、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設計審查與(yu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)評估(gu)等(deng)規(gui)定,有(you)力(li)地(di)推(tui)動了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工程(cheng)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li),取得了顯著(zhu)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)。
專業礦用型雙向聚能管水壓光面爆破技術,是在水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術,其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同,但在周邊眼中安裝專用聚能管裝置替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線,利用聚能管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用,形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面,對控制超欠挖具有良好效果,有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。汕頭礦用型雙向聚能管科學合理地利(li)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)源,提高能(neng)(neng)源利(li)用(yong)效率,對(dui)節能(neng)(neng)減排(pai)也十分(fen)重要(yao)。利(li)用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)水平開(kai)出的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)射流效應對(dui)巖石進行破碎。據專家(jia)測(ce)算,由于聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩(liang)端(duan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)切割(ge)效應,其能(neng)(neng)效比提升一個量級。
我國于1983年制定了(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)行基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自(zi)此,在(zai)水(shui)利水(shui)電(dian)建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已(yi)成為必須(xu)進行的(de)(de)保護邊(bian)坡質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)技術(shu)(shu)措施。此后在(zai)此基礎上修(xiu)(xiu)訂(ding)的(de)(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)石基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)電(dian)水(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL/T 5135—2001)和(he)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)石基礎開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL/T 5389~2007)中(zhong)(zhong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均被編(bian)入并(bing)(bing)有(you)所(suo)改進,DL/T 5135—2001正在(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)編(bian)為DL/T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道部也不僅規定了(le)凡是Ⅲ級以上的(de)(de)巖(yan)石邊(bian)坡,設(she)計(ji)(ji)邊(bian)坡坡度為1:0.1~1:0.75,在(zai)邊(bian)坡部位的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)計(ji)(ji)和(he)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)都(dou)應(ying)采(cai)用光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),并(bing)(bing)闡述了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)原則和(he)參(can)數(shu)、安(an)全措施,而且(qie)還(huan)明確了(le)路塹邊(bian)坡光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項目質(zhi)量(liang)驗收檢(jian)測數(shu)量(liang)和(he)檢(jian)測方法(fa)。無疑該規程(cheng)的(de)(de)實(shi)施,有(you)力地推動(dong)和(he)促進了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵(tie)路建設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)應(ying)用與(yu)發展(zhan)。
水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)較水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po),在(zai)(zai)周(zhou)邊眼(yan)(yan)單循(xun)環(huan)火工(gong)(gong)品使用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%,周(zhou)邊眼(yan)(yan)鉆孔數量(liang)從(cong)39個(ge)(ge)下降(jiang)為23個(ge)(ge)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)41%,混凝土噴射每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)1.37立方(fang)米(mi)。水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)比(bi)(bi)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)每(mei)循(xun)環(huan)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元,即每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)76較元,節(jie)約(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)例(li)達32%。此外,聚(ju)能(neng)管水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)能(neng)有效(xiao)(xiao)降(jiang)低隧(sui)道內石渣塊度和粉塵(chen)含量(liang),還可使通風時(shi)間有效(xiao)(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)能(neng)管光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)工(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)(ji)術很成熟(shu)、可操作(zuo)性(xing)很強(qiang)、材料成本很低、施工(gong)(gong)速(su)度很快(kuai)、節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)很顯著、經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)社會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)很高(gao)。聚(ju)能(neng)管定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術是近幾年發展(zhan)(zhan)起來(lai)的(de)(de)一項掘進(jin)新技(ji)(ji)術,這種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術與傳統的(de)(de)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術有一定(ding)的(de)(de)差(cha)別,聚(ju)能(neng)管定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)原(yuan)理是在(zai)(zai)巷道周(zhou)邊眼(yan)(yan)中,將炸裝在(zai)(zai)聚(ju)能(neng)管中起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)時(shi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),以減少裂隙(xi)的(de)(de)數量(liang)和控制優勢裂隙(xi)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang)。
采(cai)用(yong)(yong)一種抗靜電阻燃的(de)(de)特種塑料管(guan)、異形雙槽(cao)聚能(neng)管(guan),根據炮眼(yan)深度可(ke)長可(ke)短。是兩個相似半壁管(guan)組成,半壁管(guan)中央有(you)個凹進去的(de)(de)槽(cao)叫做'聚能(neng)槽(cao)",使用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)成型效(xiao)果好,開挖輪廓(kuo)線平順(shun)整齊,圍(wei)巖擾(rao)動減(jian)(jian)少(shao)、超欠挖明(ming)顯(xian)改善,有(you)利于支護工序施(shi)工,同時(shi)混凝土回填(tian)成本大為(wei)降(jiang)低。鑿孔(kong)率(lv)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)30%,大大降(jiang)低了(le)爆破(po)(po)作業工班(ban)的(de)(de)勞動量(liang)(liang):鉆孔(kong)縮(suo)短30分鐘、少(shao)打眼(yan)、出渣量(liang)(liang)減(jian)(jian)少(shao),降(jiang)低了(le)材料成本、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)工時(shi)消耗、勞動效(xiao)率(lv)明(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao),周(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)爆破(po)(po)成本降(jiang)低30%以(yi)上,半眼(yan)痕保(bao)留率(lv)高(gao)達(da)85%以(yi)上。pvc爆破(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于隧(sui)道、煤礦(kuang)、鐵礦(kuang)等(deng)需要進行光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)施(shi)工的(de)(de)工程。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)可(ke)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)鉆孔(kong),擴大孔(kong)距,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)導爆管(guan)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang),減(jian)(jian)少(shao)超挖,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)噴漿,提(ti)高(gao)半孔(kong)率(lv),既節省了(le)成本又提(ti)高(gao)了(le)施(shi)工效(xiao)率(lv)。
水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)隧(sui)道掘進(jin)作業中的(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用。提升光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)水(shui)平、嚴抓隧(sui)道超挖管(guan)控進(jin)行了介紹。聚(ju)能水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)工(gong)藝(yi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)很(hen)成(cheng)熟、可操作性很(hen)強(qiang)、材料成(cheng)本很(hen)低、施(shi)工(gong)速度很(hen)快、節能環保效果很(hen)顯(xian)著、經濟效益(yi)社(she)會(hui)效益(yi)很(hen)高(gao)。一是要(yao)(yao)提高(gao)對(dui)推(tui)廣該項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)重要(yao)(yao)性和必然性的(de)(de)認識;二是要(yao)(yao)樹(shu)立必須采取(qu)聚(ju)能水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)的(de)(de)意識;三是要(yao)(yao)堅持培訓、示(shi)范(fan)、監(jian)督“三位一體”;四是要(yao)(yao)制定切實(shi)的(de)(de)獎懲制度;五(wu)是要(yao)(yao)建立檢查監(jian)督機制,持續促進(jin)該項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)深入推(tui)廣。在(zai)隧(sui)道施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)現場管(guan)理、科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創新(xin)、人才培養、經濟效益(yi)等方面(mian)的(de)(de)不足。建議(yi)對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)一線基礎技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)工(gong)作扎實(shi)推(tui)進(jin);對(dui)新(xin)工(gong)藝(yi)、先進(jin)工(gong)法要(yao)(yao)深入學習(xi)鉆研;對(dui)消極懈怠、故步自(zi)封的(de)(de)思(si)想要(yao)(yao)堅決抵制。