水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆破較(jiao)水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆破,在(zai)周邊眼(yan)單循環火工(gong)品使(shi)用(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)8.3%,周邊眼(yan)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)數量(liang)從39個下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)為(wei)23個費用(yong)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%,混凝土(tu)噴射每延米節(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米。水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆破比水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆破每循環節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)258.4元,即(ji)每延米節(jie)(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元,節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)比例達32%。此外,聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)壓光面(mian)(mian)爆破能(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)(xiao)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)隧道內(nei)石渣(zha)塊度和(he)粉塵含量(liang),還(huan)可使(shi)通風時(shi)間(jian)有效(xiao)(xiao)縮(suo)短33%。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)光面(mian)(mian)爆破工(gong)藝技(ji)術(shu)很成(cheng)熟(shu)、可操(cao)作性很強、材料成(cheng)本很低(di)、施工(gong)速度很快、節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保效(xiao)(xiao)果很顯著、經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益社會效(xiao)(xiao)益很高。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)爆破技(ji)術(shu)是近幾年發(fa)展起來的一項掘進新技(ji)術(shu),這種爆破技(ji)術(shu)與傳統的光面(mian)(mian)爆破技(ji)術(shu)有一定(ding)(ding)的差別(bie),聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)爆破原(yuan)理是在(zai)巷道周邊眼(yan)中,將炸(zha)裝在(zai)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中起爆,爆破時(shi)利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)作用(yong),以減少(shao)裂(lie)隙(xi)的數量(liang)和(he)控制優勢裂(lie)隙(xi)的發(fa)展方向(xiang)(xiang)。
專用礦用型雙向聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管,根據炮眼深度可長可短。鎮江礦用型雙向聚能管是兩個相似半(ban)壁管(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng),半(ban)壁管(guan)中央有個凹進去的槽(cao)叫(jiao)做'聚(ju)能槽(cao)",使(shi)用(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)型效果好,開挖(wa)輪廓線平順整齊,圍巖擾動減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠(qian)挖(wa)明顯改善,有利于(yu)支護工序施(shi)工,同時(shi)混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)本大為降(jiang)低(di)(di)。鑿孔率(lv)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)30%,大大降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作業工班的勞動量:鉆孔縮(suo)短30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)(shao)打眼(yan)、出渣量減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao),降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)(le)材(cai)料成(cheng)(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)工時(shi)消耗、勞動效率(lv)明顯提(ti)高,周邊(bian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)本降(jiang)低(di)(di)30%以上,半(ban)眼(yan)痕保(bao)留(liu)率(lv)高達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚(ju)能管(guan)主要應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)隧道(dao)、煤礦、鐵礦等需要進行光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施(shi)工的工程。采用(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)的光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)鉆孔,擴大孔距,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用(yong)量,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖(wa),減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)噴漿,提(ti)高半(ban)孔率(lv),既節(jie)省了(le)(le)成(cheng)(cheng)本又提(ti)高了(le)(le)施(shi)工效率(lv)。
在(zai)建造隧道的(de)(de)(de)時候,人(ren)們(men)首(shou)先想到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)個方(fang)式(shi),就是(shi)(shi)使用(yong)(yong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),開山挖隧道修路,常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)需要(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)數以噸計的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha),炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)威力十(shi)分巨大,但是(shi)(shi)在(zai)炸(zha)(zha)完(wan)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou),空(kong)氣(qi)中全是(shi)(shi)煙塵(chen),根本無(wu)法(fa)進(jin)入,另外常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)炸(zha)(zha)出來的(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)廓線凹(ao)凸不平,后(hou)(hou)期(qi)常常需要(yao)(yao)工人(ren)進(jin)一步修補輪(lun)廓線才能進(jin)行下一道工序,耗時耗力,那么有(you)沒有(you)其(qi)他的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)比常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)更好呢?2018年3月,央視(shi)報(bao)道了(le)一場隧道爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對比實(shi)驗(yan)(yan),實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)兩種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),滴(di)喲(yo)中是(shi)(shi)使用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),第二種則是(shi)(shi)國人(ren)新(xin)發明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)聚能水(shui)壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),隨著聲聲巨響(xiang),這場對比試驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)超乎所有(you)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)意料,聚能水(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)效(xiao)果(guo)更好,而(er)且爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)霧能將煙塵(chen)覆(fu)蓋,起(qi)到(dao)降塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong),這項爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)新(xin)方(fang)式(shi)得到(dao)了(le)觀眾們(men)的(de)(de)(de)認可(ke)。
給(gei)大(da)家介紹(shao)下爆破聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)技術原理∶炸(zha)藥爆炸(zha)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)爆轟(hong)波通過聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)槽,將炸(zha)藥的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)、勢能(neng)(neng)轉換成(cheng)高壓(ya)、高速、高能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)射流,切割(ge)演示成(cheng)縫。射流在孔(kong)壁(bi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)射流壓(ya)力(li)(li)達(da)7000MPa,巖(yan)石動(dong)(dong)載抗(kang)壓(ya)強度為(wei)(wei)200MPa,抗(kang)拉為(wei)(wei)1/8~1/10的(de)(de)抗(kang)壓(ya)強度,相鄰兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)互(hu)為(wei)(wei)鄰空面,疊加后的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮波變為(wei)(wei)稀疏波,在兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)(pao)眼連線上使巖(yan)石結構斷裂,形成(cheng)裂紋。準靜態氣(qi)體膨脹,靜態壓(ya)力(li)(li)在兩(liang)(liang)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)最短連線兩(liang)(liang)側產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)拉力(li)(li)使巖(yan)石裂縫進一(yi)步擴(kuo)展。根據爆破應力(li)(li)集中氣(qi)刃作用原則,爆破氣(qi)體沿裂縫進一(yi)步擴(kuo)大(da)貫(guan)通,拋(pao)落巖(yan)石。