我國20世紀60年代利用斷裂力學對巖石損傷引起的裂紋擴展進行過試驗研究，多向聚能管廠家為聚能爆破技術應用到工程做了不少理論分析，也取得一些進展。80年代中期開始進行應用研究，以北京礦業學院為代表，著重研究了聚能藥包切割饑理和應用。1987年淮南礦業學院取得“雙面切割器”的zhuanli，1995年又取得“大理石花崗巖切割技術應用”zhuanli。1991年中國水電七局曾試圖采用硬質紙加工聚能藥管成形聚能藥卷做過聚能預裂爆破試驗研究，多向聚能管廠家但(dan)終因當時的技術及工藝水平(ping)的限(xian)制(zhi)無法用于正常(chang)施工，但(dan)是他們(men)開(kai)了橢(tuo)圓雙極線性聚(ju)能結構試(shi)驗的先(xian)河(he)。雙聚(ju)能預裂與光面爆破綜(zong)合技術開(kai)創輪廓(kuo)控(kong)制(zhi)爆破新時代。

在(zai)鐵(tie)路(lu)、礦山(shan)(shan)、水(shui)庫(ku)等(deng)大(da)型工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中，爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)(hen)關鍵很(hen)(hen)重要(yao)。采(cai)(cai)礦修路(lu)的(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)挖隧道(dao)，城市(shi)對舊建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)的(de)拆(chai)除，都會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。隨著經(jing)濟的(de)發展、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)增(zeng)多(duo)，爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)引起了(le)(le)人們更多(duo)的(de)關注(zhu)。爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)管作為一(yi)種科(ke)學技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)(hen)廣，但(dan)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上的(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)疑是(shi)重要(yao)、常見的(de)，采(cai)(cai)礦開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)，修鐵(tie)路(lu)、公路(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉆爆(bao)法(fa)來(lai)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)掘隧道(dao)，水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上也用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)些(xie)，城市(shi)里面(mian)也使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)，拆(chai)除樓房(fang)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)炸爆(bao)炸產(chan)生的(de)巨大(da)能(neng)量(liang)破(po)(po)(po)壞(huai)某(mou)種物(wu)體的(de)原結構，這種"破(po)(po)(po)壞(huai)"效果不(bu)是(shi)其他方法(fa)能(neng)代替的(de)，它(ta)雖然不(bu)是(shi)獨立完成一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，但(dan)卻是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)重要(yao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，特別是(shi)石方開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)挖、礦山(shan)(shan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)采(cai)(cai)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)缺少(shao)了(le)(le)這個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)還不(bu)行。中國目(mu)前有發達的(de)鐵(tie)路(lu)和(he)公路(lu)交通網，可以(yi)想象，當(dang)初在(zai)修這些(xie)路(lu)的(de)時(shi)(shi)候會(hui)遇到許多(duo)高山(shan)(shan)峻嶺，一(yi)座(zuo)大(da)山(shan)(shan)橫在(zai)兩地之(zhi)間，想要(yao)修路(lu)，就必須讓這座(zuo)山(shan)(shan)消失，這個(ge)(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)候聚能(neng)管爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)就起到決(jue)定性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)。

預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂與光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術的歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)與現狀(zhuang)：預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沿設(she)(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布置密(mi)集(ji)炮孔(kong)，采(cai)取不(bu)(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥(yao)或(huo)裝(zhuang)填低(di)威(wei)力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)與保留(liu)區(qu)之(zhi)間形成(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂縫，以減弱(ruo)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對保留(liu)巖體的破(po)(po)壞并(bing)形成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)輪廓(kuo)面的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業。光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沿設(she)(she)計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布設(she)(she)密(mi)集(ji)炮孔(kong)，采(cai)用不(bu)(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)藥(yao)或(huo)裝(zhuang)填低(di)威(wei)力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的以形成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)的開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓(kuo)面的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術的發(fa)展是(shi)(shi)(shi)先出現光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，然后(hou)衍生發(fa)展為預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。聚(ju)能(neng)管國內歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)與現狀(zhuang)，我(wo)國于1964～1965年在(zai)湖北陸水水電站(zhan)施工中做過淺(qian)孔(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)試(shi)驗，1965年鐵道部(bu)門在(zai)成(cheng)昆鐵路(lu)建設(she)(she)中開(kai)始試(shi)驗光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，1977年在(zai)西延線張家船工點，全長近200m的2000m2路(lu)塹邊坡全部(bu)采(cai)用光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)后(hou)邊坡平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)穩(wen)定(ding)，殘留(liu)的半孔(kong)清晰(xi)可(ke)見，是(shi)(shi)(shi)鐵路(lu)建設(she)(she)中采(cai)用路(lu)塹光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。

我國于(yu)1983年制定了(le)(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)行基(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，在(zai)水(shui)利水(shui)電(dian)建設(she)中預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已成為必須(xu)進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護邊(bian)坡質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開(kai)挖技(ji)術(shu)(shu)措施(shi)(shi)。此后在(zai)此基(ji)礎上(shang)修(xiu)訂的(de)(de)(de)(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)石(shi)基(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)電(dian)水(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物(wu)巖(yan)石(shi)基(ji)礎開(kai)挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均被編(bian)入并有(you)所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正(zheng)在(zai)修(xiu)編(bian)為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部(bu)也不僅規定了(le)(le)凡是Ⅲ級以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)石(shi)邊(bian)坡，設(she)計(ji)邊(bian)坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊(bian)坡部(bu)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)計(ji)和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應采用光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，并闡述了(le)(le)光面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則和參數(shu)、安全措施(shi)(shi)，而且還(huan)明(ming)確(que)了(le)(le)路(lu)塹邊(bian)坡光面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項目質(zhi)量驗收檢測(ce)數(shu)量和檢測(ce)方法。無疑該規程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)，有(you)力地推動和促進了(le)(le)光面(mian)(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵路(lu)建設(she)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用與(yu)發展。