是由(you)管體(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽、后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)構成，管體(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑(su)性材(cai)料制成，呈管狀，管體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑小(xiao)于正常(chang)炮(pao)(pao)眼內(nei)徑，長度可隨爆破需要生(sheng)產(chan)，管體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)端各有外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)，兩(liang)端外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)間(jian)有一(yi)縱向切縫(feng)，切縫(feng)間(jian)等距有加強筋(jin)，前(qian)錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽呈傘狀，傘形尖有一(yi)光孔，兩(liang)側直壁內(nei)徑有螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)，與(yu)管體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑前(qian)端螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)配合，帽體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑大于管體(ti)(ti)(ti)，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)為一(yi)封蓋(gai)，外(wai)(wai)徑直徑大于管體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑，與(yu)前(qian)錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽外(wai)(wai)徑一(yi)致(zhi)，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)內(nei)徑有螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)，與(yu)管體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑后(hou)(hou)端螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)配合。可根(gen)據(ju)炮(pao)(pao)眼深(shen)度采用合適(shi)的聚能管管體(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需其他工具幫助(zhu)送入炮(pao)(pao)眼，切縫(feng)方(fang)向準確(que)，兩(liang)端的前(qian)錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽和后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)外(wai)(wai)徑與(yu)炮(pao)(pao)眼內(nei)徑一(yi)致(zhi)，保證聚能管管體(ti)(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向準確(que)。且利于工業化生(sheng)產(chan)，作業安全(quan)

專用多向聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。多向聚能管廠家型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)材(cai)料必須(xu)滿足(zu)四(si)點要(yao)求，即可(ke)壓縮性(xing)小(xiao)、密度(du)高、塑性(xing)和(he)延展(zhan)性(xing)好，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)成射(she)流(liu)中(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明，用紫(zi)銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效果好，其次為(wei)鑄鐵、鋼(gang)和(he)陶瓷(ci)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣，主要(yao)有(you)軸(zhou)對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋(pao)物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)有(you)用于切割屬板材(cai)的(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)用于切割管材(cai)的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能罩(zhao)兩(liang)種(zhong)；中(zhong)心(xin)對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能包，中(zhong)心(xin)有(you)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設炸，若能在瞬間(jian)同時起爆，可(ke)在空腔中(zhong)心(xin)點獲(huo)得極(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)能量(liang)集中(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)常用的(de)(de)是軸(zhou)對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)面對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。

施工(gong)因其復雜(za)性、專(zhuan)業(ye)性、危險(xian)性，稍有不(bu)慎，將(jiang)對人(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命財產(chan)(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)全(quan)造(zao)成不(bu)可(ke)估量的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失，例(li)如廣東(dong)宏(hong)大寧(ning)夏“10.16”、山東(dong)保(bao)利“5.20”等重大安(an)(an)全(quan)事故(gu)。因此，相(xiang)較其他(ta)行業(ye)，國家出臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)法律法規(gui)多、專(zhuan)、嚴，從(cong)(cong)爆(bao)破材料（炸藥、雷(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)爆(bao)索(suo)?管(guan)?及相(xiang)關(guan)材料）的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、購進(jin)、運輸、儲存、發(fa)放、布網、連接、起爆(bao)、排(pai)爆(bao)等一系列程序(xu)均有嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)法律規(gui)定和科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操作規(gui)程，并(bing)且相(xiang)關(guan)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)單位和人(ren)員均應取得相(xiang)應資質。做為各(ge)類爆(bao)破中不(bu)可(ke)或(huo)缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種導(dao)線，特別不(bu)同于一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，其質量要(yao)(yao)求及各(ge)項技術參(can)數也與(yu)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)不(bu)同。部分家庭(ting)作坊(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)廠無科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝、無基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測設備(bei)、無專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術人(ren)員，甚至不(bu)知道爆(bao)破線的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量要(yao)(yao)求和技術參(can)數，更(geng)不(bu)可(ke)能制訂(ding)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)標(biao)準，僅憑簡(jian)陋的(de)(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)、以(yi)粗糙的(de)(de)(de)(de)模仿進(jin)行生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營活動(dong)，致使市場充斥著假冒(mao)偽劣產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，導(dao)致爆(bao)破中提前或(huo)延遲起爆(bao)、盲炮(pao)增加(jia)且強(qiang)制排(pai)爆(bao)困(kun)難(nan)，給人(ren)身(shen)安(an)(an)全(quan)和財產(chan)(chan)(chan)以(yi)及正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營活動(dong)造(zao)成了(le)不(bu)可(ke)估量的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。

在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，常用的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)能使雷管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所需的(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)、導(dao)線和(he)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的(de)(de)連接形式，要根(gen)據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)重要性(xing)、所選起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力等(deng)進行選擇(ze)，基本連接方式有(you)(you)：串(chuan)聯、并聯、串(chuan)并聯和(he)并串(chuan)聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)較安全、可靠、準確、高效等(deng)優(you)點，在(zai)(zai)國內(nei)外仍占(zhan)有(you)(you)較大(da)比重。在(zai)(zai)大(da)、中(zhong)(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，主要仍是用電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的(de)(de)干擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong)，不能使用普通電(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)。