施工工藝嚴(yan)格遵循(xun)六字方(fang)針(掛(gua)滿、貼緊、對準(zhun))：(1)要(yao)保證(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)必(bi)須按技術(shu)要(yao)求合(he)理(li)布(bu)置(zhi)。(2)要(yao)保證(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及(ji)其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)的打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)在規定(ding)(ding)位置(zhi)上打眼(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)保證(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝藥時,要(yao)保證(zheng)乳化炸藥在聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)中(zhong)空(kong)內壁中(zhong)填充飽滿不(bu)得有空(kong)隙出(chu)現時以(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)拒(ju)爆。(4)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)在炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝填時,要(yao)保證(zheng)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的兩條聚能(neng)槽指向巷(xiang)道輪廓線方(fang)向并且各個炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的聚能(neng)槽軸線方(fang)面要(yao)保證(zheng)相互(hu)連接在隧道輪廓線上。否則(ze)成型效果不(bu)僅不(bu)好,反而更差。(5)保證(zheng)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)量(liang)。(6)放(fang)炮員應(ying)提(ti)前(qian)按規定(ding)(ding)裝好聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的炸藥,并做好準(zhun)備工作。試(shi)用范(fan)圍:一級(ji)至五級(ji)圍巖的光面爆破工程。

o型聚能管廠家使用單位或經銷商在日常采購中使用搜索引擎搜索生產廠商并購買產品已經成為很多企業和經銷商的主要采購手段。根據我們從事網絡營銷的經歷，o型聚能管廠家總(zong)結出(chu)以下(xia)幾點注意事項，希望(wang)能對采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的企業起到(dao)一(yi)些幫助作用。1、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)型號(hao)規格、質量(liang)標準(zhun)、技術參數應與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)計劃相符。2、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)時(shi)，就(jiu)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)搜索引擎搜索自己(ji)需(xu)求(qiu)的產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，找出(chu)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和銷售(shou)該(gai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的企業，然后查(cha)看該(gai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業網站是(shi)否(fou)經過(guo)其所在省(sheng)份(fen)工信廳備(bei)案，并登錄查(cha)驗。3、查(cha)看該(gai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業網站欄目(mu)配置、欄目(mu)內容是(shi)否(fou)足夠專(zhuan)業，如(ru)大(da)量(liang)出(chu)現(xian)與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)無關(guan)、雜亂(luan)無章的，聯系(xi)地址標明xxx工業區、示范園而沒(mei)有(you)路牌號(hao)的，只有(you)手(shou)機號(hao)碼(ma)而沒(mei)有(you)固定電話、傳(chuan)真地的，足可認定該(gai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業為(wei)非正規的家(jia)庭(ting)作坊，不宜作為(wei)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)對象。

1、先(xian)試探(tan)性(xing)的(de)(de)咨(zi)詢制(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)：您要訂(ding)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)線(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)型(xing)號中(zhong)字(zi)母表示(shi)意思(si)；規(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)中(zhong)的(de)(de)數(shu)字(zi)表示(shi)意思(si)；執行標(biao)準中(zhong)的(de)(de)字(zi)母及(ji)數(shu)字(zi)的(de)(de)表示(shi)意思(si)。如(ru)果(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)回答(da)時支(zhi)支(zhi)吾吾、一知(zhi)半解甚至一無所(suo)知(zhi)，可想(xiang)而知(zhi)，其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)如(ru)何。2、任(ren)何一種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)都有(you)(you)其適用(yong)范(fan)圍(wei)和(he)一定(ding)的(de)(de)使用(yong)環(huan)境(jing)。咨(zi)詢您要訂(ding)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)線(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)、具體使用(yong)辦法、使用(yong)環(huan)境(jing)要求。如(ru)果(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)給您的(de)(de)答(da)復與您的(de)(de)要求不一致(zhi)，應判定(ding)為(wei)：爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)線(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)型(xing)號規(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)單一或者其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)只是(shi)對其他廠商(shang)(shang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)簡單模仿。3、正規(gui)(gui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)都有(you)(you)其科學的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工藝和(he)流(liu)程。原材(cai)料合格(ge)(ge)供應商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)選擇評定(ding)→原材(cai)料購進(jin)、運輸(shu)、儲存、保管(guan)→生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程質(zhi)量(liang)控制(zhi)(zhi)→不合格(ge)(ge)品(pin)的(de)(de)處置及(ji)糾正措施(shi)→運輸(shu)交付→售(shou)(shou)后(hou)服務均有(you)(you)嚴格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)操作規(gui)(gui)程。咨(zi)詢爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)線(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)人員(yuan)任(ren)何一個節點(dian)，就可知(zhi)其是(shi)否有(you)(you)能(neng)力（生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)理水平、專業設備(bei)及(ji)過程檢測設備(bei)）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出合格(ge)(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。

我國于(yu)1983年制定了(le)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑物巖行基礎(chu)開挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自此，在(zai)(zai)水(shui)利水(shui)電(dian)建(jian)設(she)中預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)與光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)已成為必須進(jin)(jin)(jin)行的(de)保護邊坡質量的(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)開挖(wa)技(ji)術(shu)措施(shi)。此后在(zai)(zai)此基礎(chu)上(shang)修(xiu)訂的(de)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑物巖石基礎(chu)開挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以及在(zai)(zai)《水(shui)電(dian)水(shui)利爆(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)《水(shui)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑物巖石基礎(chu)開挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)與光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)均被編入并(bing)有(you)所改進(jin)(jin)(jin)，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)(zai)修(xiu)編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部(bu)也(ye)不僅規(gui)定了(le)凡是Ⅲ級以上(shang)的(de)巖石邊坡，設(she)計邊坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)(zai)邊坡部(bu)位的(de)爆(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)計和(he)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)都(dou)應采用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)或預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破(po)(po)，并(bing)闡述了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)設(she)計的(de)原則和(he)參數(shu)、安(an)全措施(shi)，而且還明確了(le)路(lu)塹邊坡光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)項目(mu)質量驗(yan)收檢測數(shu)量和(he)檢測方法(fa)。無(wu)疑該規(gui)程(cheng)的(de)實施(shi)，有(you)力地推動和(he)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)了(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)在(zai)(zai)鐵路(lu)建(jian)設(she)中的(de)應用(yong)與發(fa)展。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包由(you)炸(zha)、形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板(ban)、殼體、引信和(he)(he)支架等(deng)部分組成(cheng)(cheng)，其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包威力的影響分述(shu)如(ru)下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是(shi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓(ya)越(yue)(yue)大，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)彈(dan)威力越(yue)(yue)大；為得到(dao)高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓(ya)，需高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)速(su)、高(gao)(gao)密度的炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有(you)(you)梯恩(en)梯、8321炸(zha)等(deng)，裝(zhuang)方法有(you)(you)熔鑄，塑(su)裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)把炸(zha)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)(zhao)體材(cai)料的射(she)流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，從而(er)提高(gao)(gao)其穿透(tou)和(he)(he)切割能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的材(cai)料必須滿(man)足(zu)四(si)點要求(qiu)，即可壓(ya)縮(suo)性(xing)小、密度高(gao)(gao)、塑(su)性(xing)和(he)(he)延展(zhan)性(xing)好，在形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射(she)流中(zhong)不汽(qi)化。大量(liang)試驗證明，用(yong)(yong)(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效(xiao)果好，其次為鑄鐵、鋼和(he)(he)陶(tao)瓷(ci)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的形(xing)狀多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)(duo)樣，主要有(you)(you)軸對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如(ru)圓錐形(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)等(deng)；面(mian)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常(chang)見的有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割屬板(ban)材(cai)的直線(xian)形(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割管(guan)材(cai)的環形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩(liang)種(zhong)；中(zhong)心對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包，中(zhong)心有(you)(you)球(qiu)形(xing)空(kong)腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外敷設(she)炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)(neng)在瞬間同時起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，可在空(kong)腔中(zhong)心點獲(huo)得極(ji)大的能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的是(shi)軸對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。

不(bu)成功的(de)(de)事例是(shi)有(you)的(de)(de)，如(ru)爆(bao)而不(bu)倒(dao)、實施(shi)定向爆(bao)破(po)后沒有(you)按爆(bao)破(po)方(fang)案(an)的(de)(de)方(fang)向倒(dao)塌等等。這些(xie)事例警示(shi):從爆(bao)破(po)設計(ji)、爆(bao)破(po)器材(cai)質量、爆(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)到(dao)起爆(bao)網路連接(jie)等，只要(yao)有(you)一個環節出現失誤，都(dou)將影響爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)效果，乃至(zhi)造成嚴重的(de)(de)后果。爆(bao)破(po)作業無(wu)論是(shi)老舊建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物本(ben)身還是(shi)周圍環境都(dou)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)復(fu)雜，這不(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)求認(ren)真調查爆(bao)破(po)體(ti)的(de)(de)結構(gou)(包括施(shi)工(gong)(gong)缺陷)，分(fen)(fen)析受(shou)力狀況(kuang)，同(tong)時還要(yao)對(dui)采取技術措施(shi)(如(ru)預(yu)處理(li)、嵌補、支撐等)的(de)(de)可靠和(he)(he)安全性進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)析，對(dui)可能(neng)出現的(de)(de)意外情況(kuang)，應(ying)預(yu)先制定應(ying)急方(fang)案(an)，努(nu)力避免安全事故和(he)(he)不(bu)必要(yao)的(de)(de)損(sun)失。工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)環保(bao)性越(yue)來越(yue)受(shou)到(dao)人們的(de)(de)關注，同(tong)時，探索無(wu)公害的(de)(de)拆除爆(bao)破(po)技術，一直是(shi)爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)(gong)作者追求的(de)(de)目(mu)標。設立(li)掩(yan)蔽(bi)體(ti)對(dui)物體(ti)加以保(bao)護(hu)，簡單的(de)(de)辦(ban)法是(shi)用草(cao)袋(dai)、竹笆(ba)一類(lei)材(cai)料覆蓋在需要(yao)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)物體(ti)上面;對(dui)房屋和(he)(he)機器設備常要(yao)在迎面和(he)(he)頂部(bu)豎(shu)立(li)排架，用木板或荊(jing)笆(ba)上罩鐵絲網，抵御(yu)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)飛石和(he)(he)較(jiao)強的(de)(de)空氣沖擊波的(de)(de)打擊;對(dui)某些(xie)重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物打防(fang)震孔或者用預(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)破(po)將爆(bao)破(po)區(qu)和(he)(he)被保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物或工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設施(shi)隔離開(kai)來。