聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)法(fa)特點是:不需要(yao)(yao)打眼，因而(er)不需要(yao)(yao)購買打眼設備和(he)(he)(he)(he)動力設備;施工簡單(dan)(dan)，施工進度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)快安全性比(bi)普通淺(qian)眼爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)普通裸露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞(lao)動強度(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)低。制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)所采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有:黑索金和(he)(he)(he)(he)梯恩梯混(hun)合熔鑄(zhu)型(xing);乳(ru)化油炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)黑索金混(hun)裝型(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)二號(hao)巖石硝鉸炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制型(xing)。根據使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)結果證(zheng)明(ming)，選(xuan)用(yong)密度(du)較大和(he)(he)(he)(he)爆(bao)(bao)速較高的(de)(de)(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲(huo)得較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)效果。這主要(yao)(yao)是由(you)于它(ta)加工簡單(dan)(dan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力較大。在礦山由(you)于二次破(po)(po)碎(sui)消耗的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)較多，而(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩的(de)(de)(de)加工費工又費材料，所以多不采用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩。國(guo)內生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)用(yong)于破(po)(po)碎(sui)大塊的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)，裝置聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)時，要(yao)(yao)將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)垂直裝在大塊的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)面(mian)上(shang)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)穴朝下(xia)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)位置應(ying)選(xuan)在頂(ding)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)幾何中心或附近較平整的(de)(de)(de)地點。然(ran)后(hou)在上(shang)面(mian)覆蓋(gai)泥(ni)沙。

水壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)是在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)兩端填充水袋，中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)裝上乳(ru)化炸，炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)炮(pao)(pao)泥封死，炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)距很大，兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)炮(pao)(pao)空之間(jian)相(xiang)距了一米左右(you)，是常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)的(de)(de)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)距的(de)(de)兩倍(bei)，這(zhe)樣(yang)可以(yi)節省(sheng)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)材料，這(zhe)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)凹槽又稱(cheng)為聚(ju)能槽，聚(ju)能槽非常(chang)重要，放置的(de)(de)位(wei)置和方向都十(shi)分講究，一點也不(bu)能出錯，在(zai)爆(bao)破(po)(po)的(de)(de)瞬間(jian)，高溫(wen)高壓聚(ju)能射流立即往(wang)凹槽兩邊(bian)的(de)(de)巖石(shi)進(jin)行切(qie)割(ge)，巖石(shi)如同(tong)豆腐一樣(yang)輕松被(bei)(bei)切(qie)割(ge)切(qie)割(ge)出來(lai)的(de)(de)輪廓線(xian)十(shi)分平順，效果極好，聚(ju)能水壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)水袋沒有降低爆(bao)破(po)(po)的(de)(de)效果，反而能保護(hu)隧道(dao)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)植被(bei)(bei)，減少地質擾動，降低煙(yan)塵(chen)，重要的(de)(de)是節省(sheng)炸成(cheng)本，在(zai)未來(lai)這(zhe)項技術(shu)會(hui)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)，降低施(shi)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本。爆(bao)破(po)(po)聚(ju)能管水壓光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)較水壓光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)，在(zai)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)單(dan)循環火(huo)工(gong)(gong)品使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量上節約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)數量從(cong)39個(ge)(ge)(ge)下降為23個(ge)(ge)(ge)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)節約(yue)41%，混(hun)凝土噴射每延米節約(yue)1.37立方米。

火索起爆法，導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有：導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專業o型聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活，使用方便，成本較低，廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病，在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法，o型聚能管廠家用(yong)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)直接(jie)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥包的(de)方(fang)法叫(jiao)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法。先用(yong)雷管(guan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)，當導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳(chuan)至炸(zha)藥包時，將炸(zha)藥引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需要延時分(fen)段(duan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方(fang)，將導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)中接(jie)入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)，就能達到導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)目的(de)。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)法所(suo)需起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料(liao)有：雷管(guan)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)等。導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常(chang)用(yong)的(de)有：串聯(lian)(lian)、簇并聯(lian)(lian)、單(dan)向分(fen)段(duan)并聯(lian)(lian)和雙向分(fen)段(duan)并聯(lian)(lian)等。

聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)(ti)、引信和(he)(he)支架等部分組成，其作用(yong)及對聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)威力的(de)(de)(de)影響分述如(ru)下(xia)。1．炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)是聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆破的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆壓(ya)(ya)(ya)越(yue)大，聚能(neng)(neng)彈威力越(yue)大；為得到高(gao)爆壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，需高(gao)爆速、高(gao)密度的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)。常用(yong)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)有(you)梯(ti)(ti)恩梯(ti)(ti)、8321炸(zha)(zha)(zha)等，裝方法(fa)有(you)熔鑄，塑裝和(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)裝多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是把炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)體(ti)(ti)材料的(de)(de)(de)射(she)流動能(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)其穿透和(he)(he)切割(ge)(ge)(ge)能(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材料必須(xu)滿足四(si)點要(yao)求，即可壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)延展性(xing)好(hao)，在形(xing)(xing)成射(she)流中(zhong)不(bu)汽化。大量(liang)試驗(yan)證明，用(yong)紫銅(tong)制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)效(xiao)果好(hao)，其次(ci)為鑄鐵、鋼(gang)和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多樣，主要(yao)有(you)軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如(ru)圓錐形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)等；面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)于切割(ge)(ge)(ge)屬(shu)板材的(de)(de)(de)直線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于切割(ge)(ge)(ge)管(guan)材的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；中(zhong)心對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)心有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)外敷設(she)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在瞬間同時起爆，可在空腔中(zhong)心點獲得極大的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)。

的軍事應(ying)(ying)(ying)用：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，早在二次(ci)世界大戰期間(jian)就(jiu)在軍事方面廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用。國內在聚(ju)(ju)能破(po)(po)甲技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)如大錐(zhui)角(jiao)反艦導彈(dan)戰斗(dou)部和(he)(he)大錐(zhui)角(jiao)反坦克地雷以(yi)及(ji)敏感彈(dan)戰斗(dou)部等方面取得了較(jiao)為(wei)快速(su)的發(fa)展，我國20世紀(ji)60年代(dai)打破(po)(po)國外技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)封鎖獨立自(zi)主研(yan)發(fa)成功原子(zi)彈(dan)就(jiu)是得力于聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)轟擊核裝置而引爆(bao)(bao)原子(zi)彈(dan)。的民爆(bao)(bao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用——切槽(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)用于工程(cheng)建設(she)也是20世紀(ji)60年代(dai)開(kai)始的，首先(xian)是瑞(rui)典的U﹒Langefors提(ti)出孔(kong)壁切槽(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)利用槽(cao)口應(ying)(ying)(ying)力集中(zhong)定向開(kai)裂的設(she)想，后(hou)經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗(yan)證是有效(xiao)的。70年代(dai)國外廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用了切槽(cao)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。