水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同，但在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，利用線性聚能藥管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用，形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面，對控制超欠挖具有良好效果，有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。專業爆破聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。聚能水壓光面爆破比水壓光面爆破每循環節約費用258.4元，即每延米節約76較元，節約費用比例達32%。此外，專業爆破聚能管聚(ju)能(neng)水壓光面(mian)爆(bao)破能(neng)有(you)(you)效降低(di)隧道內(nei)石渣塊(kuai)度和粉塵(chen)含量(liang)，還可使通風(feng)時(shi)間(jian)有(you)(you)效縮短(duan)33%。

聚能(neng)(neng)包由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板、殼體、引信和(he)(he)支(zhi)架等部分組成(cheng)(cheng)，其作用(yong)(yong)及(ji)對(dui)聚能(neng)(neng)包威(wei)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響分述如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是(shi)聚能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓(ya)(ya)越大，聚能(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力越大；為(wei)得(de)到(dao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓(ya)(ya)，需高(gao)(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)速、高(gao)(gao)(gao)密(mi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有(you)(you)梯(ti)恩梯(ti)、8321炸(zha)等，裝方法有(you)(you)熔鑄(zhu)，塑裝和(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)裝多種。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)把(ba)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)(zhao)體材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)射(she)流(liu)動能(neng)(neng)，從而(er)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)其穿透和(he)(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)必須滿足四點要求，即可(ke)壓(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)小、密(mi)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)延(yan)展性(xing)好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射(she)流(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)不汽化(hua)。大量(liang)試驗證(zheng)明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好，其次為(wei)鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣，主要有(you)(you)軸(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物(wu)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)于切割(ge)屬板材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)于切割(ge)管材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩種；中(zhong)(zhong)心對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)種球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)包，中(zhong)(zhong)心有(you)(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)空(kong)腔(qiang)和(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外敷設(she)炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在(zai)瞬間(jian)同時(shi)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，可(ke)在(zai)空(kong)腔(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)心點獲得(de)極大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)工程中(zhong)(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)軸(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。

發揮巨大效(xiao)(xiao)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵又(you)在其上面的(de)(de)(de)(de)“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”上。項目(mu)部目(mu)前采(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管有兩個“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”，通過這兩個聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)讓爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)威力(li)在隧(sui)道中(zhong)切割(ge)出(chu)十(shi)分(fen)平順的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓線，的(de)(de)(de)(de)控制了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)量，有效(xiao)(xiao)管控了超挖(wa)欠挖(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。為了進一(yi)步(bu)嚴格控制開挖(wa)輪廓，達到提(ti)高(gao)光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)效(xiao)(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，并研究出(chu)了聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管上兩個“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”變為三個“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”的(de)(de)(de)(de)發明(ming)設(she)(she)計(ji)，目(mu)前，該發明(ming)設(she)(she)計(ji)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)進入到了試(shi)生產(chan)階段(duan)。未來(lai)，三“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽”設(she)(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)水壓爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技術(shu)將推動中(zhong)鐵(tie)十(shi)四局四公司張吉懷鐵(tie)路(lu)項目(mu)部施工開展(zhan)邁上一(yi)個新的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)階，給項目(mu)部帶來(lai)巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益。工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技術(shu)經(jing)(jing)過幾十(shi)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，已(yi)經(jing)(jing)滲(shen)透(tou)到經(jing)(jing)濟建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多領域，特別為中(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)、礦山開采(cai)、城市拆舊定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)等做出(chu)了重要貢(gong)獻(xian)。

使用(yong)單位或經銷(xiao)商(shang)在(zai)日(ri)常(chang)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)中使用(yong)搜索引(yin)擎搜索生產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠商(shang)并購(gou)(gou)買產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)已經成為(wei)很多企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)經銷(xiao)商(shang)的(de)主要采(cai)購(gou)(gou)手(shou)段(duan)。根據我們從(cong)事網(wang)絡營(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)經歷，總結出以下幾點注意(yi)事項，希(xi)望能對采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的(de)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)起到一(yi)些(xie)幫助作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。1、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)型號(hao)規格、質量(liang)標(biao)準、技術參數(shu)應與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)計劃相符(fu)。2、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)時，就是(shi)通過(guo)搜索引(yin)擎搜索自己(ji)需求(qiu)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，找出生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)銷(xiao)售該產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，然后查(cha)看該生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)站是(shi)否經過(guo)其(qi)所在(zai)省份工(gong)(gong)信廳(ting)備案，并登錄(lu)查(cha)驗。3、查(cha)看該生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)站欄目(mu)配置、欄目(mu)內(nei)容是(shi)否足夠專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，如大(da)量(liang)出現與采(cai)購(gou)(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)無關、雜亂無章的(de)，聯系地(di)址標(biao)明xxx工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)區、示范園(yuan)而(er)沒有路牌號(hao)的(de)，只(zhi)有手(shou)機(ji)號(hao)碼而(er)沒有固定(ding)電(dian)話、傳真(zhen)地(di)的(de)，足可認(ren)定(ding)該生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)非(fei)正(zheng)規的(de)家庭作(zuo)(zuo)坊，不宜作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)對象(xiang)。

預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)與(yu)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)歷史與(yu)現狀(zhuang)(zhuang)：預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設計開(kai)挖(wa)邊(bian)界(jie)布置(zhi)密集(ji)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)，采(cai)取不(bu)耦(ou)合(he)(he)裝藥(yao)或(huo)(huo)裝填低威力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)區之前起爆(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)區與(yu)保留(liu)區之間形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)縫，以(yi)減弱(ruo)主爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)對保留(liu)巖(yan)體的(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)壞并形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)輪廓面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設計開(kai)挖(wa)邊(bian)界(jie)布設密集(ji)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)(kong)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)耦(ou)合(he)(he)裝藥(yao)或(huo)(huo)裝填低威力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)之后(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)以(yi)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)的(de)(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)發展是(shi)先出現光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)，然后(hou)衍生發展為預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國內歷史與(yu)現狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，我國于1964～1965年(nian)在(zai)湖北陸水水電站施工中做(zuo)過(guo)淺孔(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)試(shi)驗，1965年(nian)鐵(tie)道(dao)部(bu)門在(zai)成(cheng)昆(kun)鐵(tie)路(lu)建(jian)(jian)設中開(kai)始試(shi)驗光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在(zai)西延線張家船(chuan)工點，全長(chang)近(jin)200m的(de)(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊(bian)坡全部(bu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)后(hou)邊(bian)坡平(ping)整(zheng)穩定，殘(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)半孔(kong)(kong)清(qing)晰可見，是(shi)鐵(tie)路(lu)建(jian)(jian)設中采(cai)用(yong)(yong)路(lu)塹光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)。

在(zai)(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)火(huo)索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳(fang)法(fa)。它(ta)所需的(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)(dao)線(xian)和(he)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連接(jie)形(xing)式，要根據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模(mo)、工程的(de)(de)重要性、所選起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及其(qi)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力等進行(xing)選擇，基(ji)本(ben)連接(jie)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式有(you)：串聯(lian)(lian)(lian)、并聯(lian)(lian)(lian)、串并聯(lian)(lian)(lian)和(he)并串聯(lian)(lian)(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較安全(quan)、可(ke)靠、準確、高效(xiao)等優點，在(zai)(zai)國(guo)內外仍(reng)占有(you)較大比重。在(zai)(zai)大、中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)(zhong)，主(zhu)要仍(reng)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦(wa)斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要的(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各(ge)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)干(gan)擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因(yin)此在(zai)(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)，不能使用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)。