采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一種抗靜電阻(zu)燃的特種塑(su)料管(guan)(guan)、異形雙槽聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)，根(gen)據(ju)炮眼(yan)深度可(ke)長可(ke)短。是兩個(ge)(ge)相似(si)半(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)中央有個(ge)(ge)凹(ao)進去的槽叫做'聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽"，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)型效果(guo)好(hao)，開挖(wa)輪(lun)廓線平(ping)順整(zheng)齊，圍巖擾動(dong)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)、超(chao)欠挖(wa)明顯改善，有利(li)于支護工(gong)(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，同時混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)本大(da)(da)為降(jiang)低(di)。鑿孔(kong)率(lv)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)30%，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降(jiang)低(di)了爆(bao)(bao)破(po)作業工(gong)(gong)班的勞動(dong)量:鉆(zhan)孔(kong)縮短30分鐘、少(shao)打(da)眼(yan)、出渣(zha)量減(jian)(jian)少(shao)，降(jiang)低(di)了材料成(cheng)(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞動(dong)效率(lv)明顯提(ti)高(gao)，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)本降(jiang)低(di)30%以上，半(ban)眼(yan)痕(hen)保留率(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)主要(yao)(yao)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于隧道、煤礦(kuang)(kuang)、鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)等需要(yao)(yao)進行光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)可(ke)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)孔(kong)距，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)超(chao)挖(wa)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)噴漿(jiang)，提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)孔(kong)率(lv)，既節省了成(cheng)(cheng)本又提(ti)高(gao)了施(shi)工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)。

給大(da)家介紹下(xia)爆破聚能(neng)管的(de)技(ji)術原(yuan)理∶炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)爆炸(zha)(zha)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)爆轟波通過(guo)聚能(neng)管的(de)聚能(neng)槽，將炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)的(de)動能(neng)、勢能(neng)轉換成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、高(gao)(gao)速、高(gao)(gao)能(neng)的(de)射流(liu)，切割演(yan)示成(cheng)縫(feng)。射流(liu)在孔壁產生(sheng)(sheng)射流(liu)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)達7000MPa，巖石(shi)動載(zai)抗壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)200MPa，抗拉(la)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1/8～1/10的(de)抗壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)，相鄰兩(liang)炮孔互為(wei)(wei)(wei)鄰空面，疊加(jia)后(hou)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮波變為(wei)(wei)(wei)稀(xi)疏波，在兩(liang)炮眼(yan)連線(xian)上使巖石(shi)結(jie)構斷裂，形成(cheng)裂紋。準靜(jing)態氣(qi)體(ti)膨脹，靜(jing)態壓(ya)(ya)力(li)在兩(liang)炮孔最短連線(xian)兩(liang)側產生(sheng)(sheng)拉(la)力(li)使巖石(shi)裂縫(feng)進一(yi)步(bu)擴(kuo)展。根據爆破應力(li)集中氣(qi)刃作用原(yuan)則(ze)，爆破氣(qi)體(ti)沿裂縫(feng)進一(yi)步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da)貫通，拋落(luo)巖石(shi)。

預(yu)裂與光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)歷史與現(xian)狀：預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)是沿設計開挖邊(bian)(bian)(bian)界布(bu)置密集炮(pao)孔，采(cai)取(qu)不(bu)耦(ou)合裝(zhuang)藥或裝(zhuang)填(tian)(tian)低威力炸(zha)藥，在(zai)(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區之前起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從(cong)而在(zai)(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區與保(bao)留區之間形(xing)成(cheng)預(yu)裂縫，以減弱主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)對保(bao)留巖體的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)壞并形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)是沿設計開挖邊(bian)(bian)(bian)界布(bu)設密集炮(pao)孔，采(cai)用不(bu)耦(ou)合裝(zhuang)藥或裝(zhuang)填(tian)(tian)低威力炸(zha)藥，在(zai)(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)之后(hou)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)以形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)開挖輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)發展是先(xian)出現(xian)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，然(ran)后(hou)衍生發展為(wei)預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國內歷史與現(xian)狀，我(wo)國于1964～1965年(nian)在(zai)(zai)湖北陸水(shui)水(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中做過淺孔預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)試驗，1965年(nian)鐵道部門在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)昆(kun)鐵路(lu)建設中開始試驗光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)延線張家船工(gong)(gong)點，全長近(jin)200m的(de)(de)(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊(bian)(bian)(bian)坡全部采(cai)用光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)后(hou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)坡平(ping)整(zheng)穩定，殘留的(de)(de)(de)半孔清(qing)晰可見，是鐵路(lu)建設中采(cai)用路(lu)塹光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)。

在建造隧道的時候，人們首先想到的個方式，就是使用爆破技術，專業深孔爆破多向聚能管開山挖隧道修路，常規爆破技術需要使用數以噸計的炸，炸的威力十分巨大，但是在炸完之后，空氣中全是煙塵，根本無法進入，另外常規爆破炸出來的輪廓線凹凸不平，后期常常需要工人進一步修補輪廓線才能進行下一道工序，耗時耗力，那么有沒有其他的方式比常規爆破技術更好呢？2018年3月，央視報道了一場隧道爆破對比實驗，實驗采用兩種爆破技術，滴喲中是使用炸的常規爆破技術，第二種則是國人新發明的聚能水壓光面爆破技術，隨著聲聲巨響，這場對比試驗的結果超乎所有人的意料，濰坊深孔爆破多向聚能管聚能水壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)技術的(de)爆(bao)炸效果更好，而且爆(bao)破(po)(po)產生的(de)水霧能將(jiang)煙塵覆(fu)蓋，起到(dao)降(jiang)塵的(de)作用(yong)，這(zhe)項爆(bao)破(po)(po)新方(fang)式得(de)到(dao)了(le)觀眾們的(de)認可。

聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板、殼體、引信(xin)和(he)(he)(he)支架等(deng)部分組成，其(qi)(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及對聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)威力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響分述如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是(shi)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆破的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆壓(ya)越大(da)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威力(li)越大(da)；為得(de)到高(gao)爆壓(ya)，需高(gao)爆速、高(gao)密度的(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有(you)梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)等(deng)，裝(zhuang)方法有(you)熔鑄(zhu)，塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)(he)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多種(zhong)(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)(zhao)體材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)射(she)流(liu)(liu)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)其(qi)(qi)穿透(tou)和(he)(he)(he)切(qie)割(ge)(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿足四點要求(qiu)，即(ji)可壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)延展(zhan)性(xing)好(hao)，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)成射(she)流(liu)(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好(hao)，其(qi)(qi)次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和(he)(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)(zhong)多樣，主(zhu)要有(you)軸對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)(ge)屬(shu)板材的(de)(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)(ge)管材的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩種(zhong)(zhong)；中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外敷設(she)炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)(neng)在瞬間(jian)同時(shi)起爆，可在空腔中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)點獲得(de)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)軸對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)面對稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。