是由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)、前錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)、后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)構成(cheng),管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)為(wei)塑性材料制成(cheng),呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang),管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正常炮眼(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),長(chang)度可隨爆破需(xu)要生產(chan),管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)各有(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺紋,兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺紋間有(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向(xiang)切(qie)縫(feng),切(qie)縫(feng)間等距有(you)加強(qiang)筋(jin),前錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)呈(cheng)傘狀(zhuang),傘形尖(jian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)光孔(kong),兩(liang)(liang)側直壁內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺紋,與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前端(duan)螺紋配合,帽(mao)(mao)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti),后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)封(feng)蓋,外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),與(yu)前錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致,后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺紋,與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后端(duan)螺紋配合。可根(gen)據炮眼(yan)深度采(cai)用合適的聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti),不需(xu)其他工(gong)具幫助送入(ru)炮眼(yan),切(qie)縫(feng)方向(xiang)準確,兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)的前錐(zhui)形定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)和后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮眼(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致,保證(zheng)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)同心,定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向(xiang)準確。且(qie)利于工(gong)業(ye)化生產(chan),作業(ye)安全
鹽城礦用型雙向聚能管的軍事應用:聚能爆破技術,早在二次世界大戰期間就在軍事方面廣泛應用。國內在聚能破甲技術如大錐角反艦導彈戰斗部和大錐角反坦克地雷以及敏感彈戰斗部等方面取得了較為快速的發展,我國20世紀60年代打破國外技術封鎖獨立自主研發成功原子彈就是得力于聚能爆破技術轟擊核裝置而引爆原子彈。專用礦用型雙向聚能管的民爆應用——切(qie)槽(cao)爆破技術:聚能爆破用于工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)也是20世紀60年代開始的,首先是瑞典的U﹒Langefors提出孔壁切(qie)槽(cao)爆破利(li)用槽(cao)口應力集中(zhong)定向開裂的設(she)想,后(hou)經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證是有效的。70年代國外廣泛研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)應用了切(qie)槽(cao)爆破技術。
水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破技術(shu)(shu),是在水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破技術(shu)(shu)基礎(chu)上發展(zhan)起來的一項新技術(shu)(shu),其(qi)掏槽(cao)眼(yan)、輔(fu)助眼(yan)裝(zhuang)藥結構和爆(bao)破方式與水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破相(xiang)同,但在周邊眼(yan)中安裝(zhuang)專(zhuan)用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管裝(zhuang)置替代(dai)常規爆(bao)破藥卷和傳爆(bao)線,利(li)用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管產(chan)生的粒子射流動能(neng)(neng)、高(gao)壓(ya)爆(bao)破氣體(ti)應(ying)(ying)力及“氣楔(xie)”作用,形(xing)成(cheng)平整圓順的開挖輪廓面(mian)(mian),對(dui)控制超欠(qian)挖具(ju)有良好效(xiao)果,有效(xiao)提升(sheng)了隧道施工質量(liang)、進(jin)度和經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。科學合理(li)地利(li)用能(neng)(neng)源(yuan),提高(gao)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用效(xiao)率,對(dui)節能(neng)(neng)減排也十分重要(yao)。利(li)用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管兩(liang)端的水(shui)平開出的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)產(chan)生的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)射流效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)對(dui)巖石(shi)進(jin)行破碎(sui)。據(ju)專(zhuan)家測算,由于聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管兩(liang)端聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)產(chan)生的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)切割(ge)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying),其(qi)能(neng)(neng)效(xiao)比提升(sheng)一個(ge)量(liang)級(ji)。
是將炸(zha)藥(yao)裝在聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)內(nei),兩頭(tou)均放置(zhi)了(le)水(shui)袋(dai),聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)爆炸(zha)產生的(de)(de)高溫高壓(ya)射流,讓水(shui)袋(dai)產生“水(shui)楔(xie)”效(xiao)應,使圍巖裂縫加(jia)劇(ju)延伸擴展。它是在水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)爆破基礎上(shang)(shang)發展起(qi)來的(de)(de)一項新技術,區別只是在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)管(guan)替代常規爆破藥(yao)卷和傳爆線,只要做(zuo)到七大(da)關鍵環節:水(shui)袋(dai)挺(ting)拔飽滿、炮泥軟硬適(shi)中、水(shui)袋(dai)裝填(tian)到底、炮泥回填(tian)到口、木棍(gun)逐節搗固(gu)、水(shui)藥(yao)緊(jin)密(mi)相連、槽面(mian)必(bi)須平行,就能(neng)對控制(zhi)超欠挖起(qi)到良(liang)好效(xiao)果。在推廣水(shui)壓(ya)爆破的(de)(de)基礎上(shang)(shang),去年(nian)9月,水(shui)壓(ya)聚(ju)能(neng)爆破的(de)(de)成(cheng)果上(shang)(shang),今年(nian)更為深入(ru)地在興泉鐵路(lu)(lu)大(da)嶺隧道(dao)、牡佳鐵路(lu)(lu)麻山(shan)隧道(dao)采用了(le)此項技術,積累了(le)成(cheng)功經驗。