火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)利用(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)傳遞火(huo)焰點燃(ran)火(huo)雷(lei)管進而(er)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)(yao)。這(zhe)種起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)所(suo)需(xu)(xu)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)有：導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)、火(huo)雷(lei)管和點火(huo)材(cai)料(liao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)操作簡單(dan)、靈活(huo)，使用(yong)方便，成本較低(di)，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于小型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)和掘進。由于導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)速燃(ran)、緩燃(ran)等(deng)弊病，在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)事(shi)故(gu)所(suo)占比重最大。不(bu)能多處裝藥(yao)(yao)同(tong)時起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，用(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)直接(jie)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)叫導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。先用(yong)雷(lei)管起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)，當(dang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波(bo)傳至(zhi)炸藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)時，將炸藥(yao)(yao)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需(xu)(xu)要延時分段起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)中(zhong)接(jie)入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管，就能達到導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)的(de)目的(de)。這(zhe)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)所(suo)需(xu)(xu)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材(cai)料(liao)有：雷(lei)管、導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管等(deng)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路(lu)常用(yong)的(de)有：串聯、簇并聯、單(dan)向分段并聯和雙向分段并聯等(deng)。

阜陽o型聚能管的軍事應用：聚能爆破技術，早在二次世界大戰期間就在軍事方面廣泛應用。國內在聚能破甲技術如大錐角反艦導彈戰斗部和大錐角反坦克地雷以及敏感彈戰斗部等方面取得了較為快速的發展，我國20世紀60年代打破國外技術封鎖獨立自主研發成功原子彈就是得力于聚能爆破技術轟擊核裝置而引爆原子彈。專業o型聚能管的民爆(bao)應(ying)用——切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)：聚能爆(bao)破(po)(po)用于工程建(jian)設也是20世紀60年代開始的，首(shou)先是瑞典的U﹒Langefors提出孔壁切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)利(li)用槽(cao)口應(ying)力(li)集(ji)中定向開裂的設想(xiang)，后(hou)經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證(zheng)是有效的。70年代國(guo)外廣泛研(yan)究和應(ying)用了切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)。

專注爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)批發銷售。隨著中國現代化建設(she)(she)的(de)發展，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)環(huan)(huan)境越(yue)來越(yue)復雜，對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安全(quan)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求可能(neng)也會(hui)越(yue)來越(yue)高。盡管(guan)(guan)我們工(gong)程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術已達到很高水(shui)平，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)是(shi)一項危險性的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，大家(jia)知道，一次爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)事故，可能(neng)會(hui)造成人(ren)民(min)生命(ming)和(he)財產的(de)損失，也可能(neng)導致(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境受(shou)到破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞。為了安全(quan)，在工(gong)程實踐中，往往有許(xu)多要(yao)(yao)求和(he)標準需要(yao)(yao)我們努力(li)去解(jie)決(jue)，比(bi)如嚴格控制爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)的(de)振動(dong)效應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)沖(chong)擊波、噪聲、粉塵等(deng)影響，要(yao)(yao)預防電干(gan)擾等(deng)對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)的(de)威脅(xie)，還要(yao)(yao)關注水(shui)土保持、環(huan)(huan)境保護等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)的(de)安全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)一直(zhi)是(shi)各方面所重(zhong)視的(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，已形成了一種專業(ye)化的(de)規(gui)范、制度和(he)技術。如中國自1992年頒布《拆(chai)(chai)除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安全(quan)規(gui)程》，通過(guo)拆(chai)(chai)除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)分級(ji)管(guan)(guan)理、承擔單(dan)位及人(ren)員資(zi)格審查、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術人(ren)員培訓與考核(he)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)(she)計審查與安全(quan)評估等(deng)規(gui)定，有力(li)地推(tui)動(dong)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)程的(de)安全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理，取(qu)得了顯著的(de)成效。

聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)由(you)炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板(ban)、殼體、引信和(he)支架等(deng)部分組(zu)成，其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)及對(dui)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)威(wei)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響分述如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya)越(yue)大(da)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力(li)越(yue)大(da)；為得到(dao)高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya)，需(xu)高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)速、高(gao)(gao)密度的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有(you)(you)梯(ti)恩梯(ti)、8321炸(zha)等(deng)，裝方(fang)法(fa)有(you)(you)熔鑄，塑(su)裝和(he)壓(ya)裝多種。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)是把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)(zhao)體材料的(de)(de)(de)射(she)(she)流動能(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)(gao)其穿透和(he)切(qie)割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿足四點(dian)要求，即(ji)可(ke)壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高(gao)(gao)、塑(su)性(xing)和(he)延展性(xing)好，在(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射(she)(she)流中(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量試驗證明(ming)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)紫(zi)銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好，其次(ci)為鑄鐵(tie)、鋼(gang)和(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣(yang)，主要有(you)(you)軸(zhou)(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋(pao)物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭(ba)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割(ge)屬板(ban)材的(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割(ge)管材的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩種；中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)種球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)有(you)(you)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外敷設炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)瞬間(jian)同時起爆(bao)(bao)，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)空腔中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)點(dian)獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量集中(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)工程(cheng)中(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是軸(zhou)(zhou)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。

水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術基礎上(shang)發展(zhan)起來的一(yi)項新技術，其掏槽眼(yan)(yan)、輔助眼(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)結構和(he)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)方(fang)式(shi)與水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)相同，但在(zai)周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)中安裝(zhuang)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)線性聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)管(guan)替代常規爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)藥(yao)卷和(he)傳(chuan)爆(bao)(bao)線，利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)線性聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)管(guan)產(chan)生(sheng)的粒子射流動能、高壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)氣體應力(li)及“氣楔(xie)”作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，形成平整圓順的開挖(wa)輪(lun)廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，對控制超(chao)欠挖(wa)具有(you)(you)良好效果，有(you)(you)效提升(sheng)了隧(sui)道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)、進度和(he)經濟效益。水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，在(zai)周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)單循環火工(gong)(gong)品使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)上(shang)節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊(bian)眼(yan)(yan)鉆孔數量(liang)從39個下降為23個費用(yong)(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土(tu)噴射每延(yan)(yan)米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方(fang)米(mi)。聚(ju)(ju)能水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比(bi)水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每循環節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每延(yan)(yan)米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)例達(da)32%。此外，聚(ju)(ju)能水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能有(you)(you)效降低隧(sui)道(dao)內石渣塊(kuai)度和(he)粉塵(chen)含量(liang)，還(huan)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)通風時(shi)間有(you)(you)效縮短33%。

各(ge)種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材(cai)銷毀以及(ji)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材(cai)意外(wai)爆(bao)炸時，爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)源與人員(yuan)(yuan)和其他(ta)保(bao)護對象之間的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)取(qu)各(ge)種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)效應(ying)（地(di)震(zhen)、沖擊(ji)波、飛(fei)石、有毒氣體等）分別核(he)定的(de)大值。爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)時，必然產生爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震(zhen)、空氣沖擊(ji)波、碎石飛(fei)散及(ji)有害氣體，因此，爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計時必須確定爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)危(wei)害范圍(wei)，并確定爆(bao)點到附(fu)近人員(yuan)(yuan)、設(she)備、建筑物及(ji)井巷等的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，這一段(duan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)就稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。如何控制好(hao)這段(duan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)就顯的(de)尤為(wei)重(zhong)要。為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)點與人員(yuan)(yuan)或其他(ta)應(ying)保(bao)護對象之間必須保(bao)持短的(de)相隔長度(du)。爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有害效應(ying)隨距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)增加有規(gui)律地(di)衰減，用(yong)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)尺(chi)度(du)可限定爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有害效應(ying)在允許限度(du)之內。中國《爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)》規(gui)定了爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震(zhen)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，個別飛(fei)散物安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，以及(ji)爆(bao)炸沖擊(ji)波的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。