o型聚能管廠家給大家介紹下爆破聚能管的技術原理∶炸藥爆炸產生的爆轟波通過聚能管的聚能槽，將炸藥的動能、勢能轉換成高壓、高速、高能的射流，切割演示成縫。專用o型聚能管射(she)流(liu)在(zai)孔壁產生射(she)流(liu)壓(ya)(ya)力達7000MPa，巖石(shi)動載抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)強度為200MPa，抗(kang)(kang)拉為1/8～1/10的(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)強度，相鄰(lin)兩(liang)炮孔互為鄰(lin)空面，疊(die)加(jia)后的(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮波變為稀疏波，在(zai)兩(liang)炮眼連(lian)線上使巖石(shi)結構斷裂(lie)(lie)，形成裂(lie)(lie)紋。準靜(jing)態(tai)氣(qi)體(ti)膨脹，靜(jing)態(tai)壓(ya)(ya)力在(zai)兩(liang)炮孔最短(duan)連(lian)線兩(liang)側(ce)產生拉力使巖石(shi)裂(lie)(lie)縫進(jin)一(yi)步擴(kuo)展。根據(ju)爆(bao)破應力集中氣(qi)刃(ren)作(zuo)用原則，爆(bao)破氣(qi)體(ti)沿裂(lie)(lie)縫進(jin)一(yi)步擴(kuo)大貫通，拋落巖石(shi)。

各(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材銷(xiao)毀以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材意(yi)外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸時(shi)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)源與人員和其他保(bao)(bao)護對象之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)稱為爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)應取(qu)各(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)效應（地(di)(di)(di)震(zhen)、沖(chong)擊波(bo)、飛石(shi)、有毒氣(qi)體(ti)等(deng)）分別(bie)核定(ding)的(de)(de)大值(zhi)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時(shi)，必然產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)震(zhen)、空氣(qi)沖(chong)擊波(bo)、碎石(shi)飛散(san)及有害(hai)(hai)氣(qi)體(ti)，因此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設計(ji)時(shi)必須確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)危害(hai)(hai)范(fan)圍(wei)，并(bing)確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附(fu)近人員、設備、建筑物及井巷等(deng)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，這(zhe)一段距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就(jiu)稱為爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。如(ru)何控制好這(zhe)段距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就(jiu)顯的(de)(de)尤為重要。為保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)點與人員或其他應保(bao)(bao)護對象之(zhi)(zhi)間必須保(bao)(bao)持短的(de)(de)相隔(ge)長度(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有害(hai)(hai)效應隨距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)增加(jia)有規律地(di)(di)(di)衰減，用距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)作為安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)尺度(du)可限定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有害(hai)(hai)效應在允(yun)許限度(du)之(zhi)(zhi)內。中國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規程》規定(ding)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)震(zhen)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，個別(bie)飛散(san)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸沖(chong)擊波(bo)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。

對(dui)(dui)于爆(bao)破作業(ye)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究,是從兩個方面(mian)去考慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，一方面(mian)是炸(zha)和起(qi)爆(bao)器材以(yi)及對(dui)(dui)其(qi)爆(bao)炸(zha)所造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破壞作用進(jin)行(xing)限制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu),這是主動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。另一個方面(mian)是對(dui)(dui)爆(bao)破所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害采(cai)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)護(hu)措(cuo)施,這是被動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個方面(mian)。兩者對(dui)(dui)阻止爆(bao)破帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破壞性有(you)同(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性,但在具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),則常常會有(you)變化不(bu)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象和后果,因此(ci),必須對(dui)(dui)每一項工程(cheng)(cheng)破壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體情況(kuang)作細致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析(xi)研(yan)究,從而(er)采(cai)取適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)策(ce)。同(tong)時，雖然技(ji)術(shu)(shu)不(bu)斷(duan)取得進(jin)步，須在操作過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)注意(yi)每個工序，按照安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)認真作業(ye)。只要(yao)嚴格遵守安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)、正(zheng)確(que)地采(cai)取安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)措(cuo)施和防(fang)護(hu)措(cuo)施,任(ren)何規(gui)模、任(ren)何種類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破是可(ke)以(yi)確(que)保安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。一些安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條文是有(you)經驗(yan)教訓(xun)和理論根(gen)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)甚至(zhi)是血的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教訓(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總結，所以(yi)一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)克服(fu)麻痹(bi)思想，嚴格執行(xing)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，決(jue)不(bu)能(neng)以(yi)沒出過事(shi)故而(er)輕率地"突破"規(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"框(kuang)框(kuang)"。

的軍(jun)事(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術，早在(zai)二(er)次世(shi)界大(da)戰期(qi)間就在(zai)軍(jun)事(shi)(shi)方面(mian)廣(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。國(guo)內(nei)在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)能破(po)甲技(ji)(ji)術如大(da)錐(zhui)(zhui)角反艦(jian)導彈戰斗部和大(da)錐(zhui)(zhui)角反坦克(ke)地雷以及(ji)敏感彈戰斗部等(deng)方面(mian)取得了較為快速的發(fa)展，我(wo)國(guo)20世(shi)紀60年(nian)代打破(po)國(guo)外技(ji)(ji)術封鎖獨立自(zi)主(zhu)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)成功原(yuan)子彈就是(shi)得力于(yu)聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術轟擊核裝置而引(yin)爆(bao)原(yuan)子彈。的民(min)爆(bao)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)——切槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術：聚(ju)(ju)能爆(bao)破(po)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)也是(shi)20世(shi)紀60年(nian)代開(kai)始的，首先(xian)是(shi)瑞典的U﹒Langefors提出(chu)孔壁(bi)切槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)破(po)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)槽(cao)(cao)口應(ying)(ying)力集中(zhong)定向(xiang)開(kai)裂的設(she)想(xiang)，后(hou)經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證是(shi)有效的。70年(nian)代國(guo)外廣(guang)泛研(yan)(yan)究和應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了切槽(cao)(cao)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)(ji)術。

在(zai)(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使(shi)雷(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進(jin)而起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)(dao)線(xian)和(he)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)形(xing)式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規(gui)模、工程的(de)(de)重要(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及其起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)等(deng)進(jin)行選擇，基(ji)本連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)(fang)式有(you)(you)：串聯、并(bing)(bing)聯、串并(bing)(bing)聯和(he)并(bing)(bing)串聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具(ju)有(you)(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準(zhun)確、高效等(deng)優點，在(zai)(zai)國內(nei)外仍(reng)占有(you)(you)較(jiao)大比重。在(zai)(zai)大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，主要(yao)仍(reng)是用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)干擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)雜(za)散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)，不能使(shi)用(yong)普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)。

是由管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽(mao)、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)構成(cheng)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為(wei)塑性材料制成(cheng)，呈管(guan)狀，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)正常炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可隨爆破(po)需(xu)要(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)(liang)端各(ge)有(you)外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)(liang)端外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間(jian)有(you)一縱向(xiang)切縫，切縫間(jian)等距有(you)加強筋，前(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽(mao)呈傘(san)狀，傘(san)形(xing)(xing)尖有(you)一光孔，兩(liang)(liang)側直壁內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合(he)，帽(mao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)為(wei)一封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)(yu)前(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽(mao)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一致，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)端螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合(he)。可根(gen)據炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)深度采用合(he)適的聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他(ta)工具幫助(zhu)送入炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)，切縫方向(xiang)準確(que)，兩(liang)(liang)端的前(qian)錐形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)帽(mao)和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)堵(du)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)炮眼(yan)(yan)(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一致，保證聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同心，定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)準確(que)。且(qie)利于(yu)工業化生(sheng)產(chan)，作業安全