在(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中,常(chang)用的起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)有(you):電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸,進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所需的器材(cai)有(you):電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的連接形式,要(yao)根據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)規模、工程的重要(yao)性、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)等進行(xing)選擇,基本連接方(fang)式有(you):串聯(lian)(lian)、并聯(lian)(lian)、串并聯(lian)(lian)和并串聯(lian)(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)安全、可(ke)靠(kao)、準確、高效(xiao)等優點,在(zai)國內外仍占有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)比重。在(zai)大(da)、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中,主(zhu)要(yao)仍是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)有(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的環(huan)境(jing)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要(yao)的起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受(shou)各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的干擾(rao)而發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),因此在(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的環(huan)境(jing)中,不(bu)能(neng)使用普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)。
光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破技術優(you)勢:相對(dui)(dui)于傳統爆(bao)破工藝,聚能管光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破比常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)破具(ju)有以(yi)(yi)下優(you)勢∶少打眼,少裝藥(yao)(yao)。節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)周邊鉆孔(kong)量(liang)50%,總鉆孔(kong)進(jin)尺減少30%;節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)炸藥(yao)(yao)10~20%,雷管30%。節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)噴漿料15-20%。節(jie)(jie)省時(shi)間∶每(mei)循環鉆孔(kong)、裝藥(yao)(yao)、噴漿時(shi)間1.5-2.0小(xiao)時(shi)。在安全方(fang)面(mian)(mian)利用(yong)水沙(sha)袋(dai)替代(dai)炮(pao)泥,以(yi)(yi)避免搗炮(pao)泥損毀電雷管導線,造(zao)成(cheng)瞎炮(pao)。大(da)大(da)減少對(dui)(dui)圍巖(yan)擾動,光面(mian)(mian)效果好,巖(yan)性(xing)條件(jian)差情(qing)況下可以(yi)(yi)大(da)大(da)減少超挖量(liang),控制巷(xiang)道(dao)成(cheng)型;巖(yan)性(xing)完整無(wu)節(jie)(jie)理(li)情(qing)況下眼痕率可以(yi)(yi)達到(dao)90%以(yi)(yi)上,巷(xiang)道(dao)成(cheng)型好,穩(wen)定性(xing)強。布(bu)孔(kong)方(fang)式優(you)化(hua)成(cheng)多排掏槽布(bu)孔(kong),單次掘(jue)進(jin)深度可以(yi)(yi)優(you)化(hua)提(ti)高(gao)10%到(dao)15%不(bu)等(deng)。由(you)于炮(pao)孔(kong)數量(liang)大(da)大(da)減少可以(yi)(yi)考慮一起(qi)全斷面(mian)(mian)起(qi)爆(bao),節(jie)(jie)省放炮(pao)時(shi)間。
在鐵路、礦山、水庫等大型工程中,c型聚能管廠家爆破技術的作用很關鍵很重要。采礦修路的開山挖隧道,城市對舊建筑物的拆除,都會用到爆破技術。隨著經濟的發展、工程建設的增多,專業c型聚能管爆(bao)破引(yin)起(qi)了人們更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)注。爆(bao)破聚能管作為一(yi)種(zhong)科(ke)學技(ji)術,應用(yong)很廣,但在(zai)工程上的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)無疑是重要(yao)(yao)、常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de),采(cai)礦開(kai)山,修(xiu)鐵路、公路用(yong)鉆爆(bao)法來開(kai)掘(jue)隧(sui)道(dao),水利(li)工程上也用(yong)一(yi)些,城市里面也使用(yong)了,拆除(chu)樓房。利(li)用(yong)炸爆(bao)炸產生的(de)(de)(de)巨大能量(liang)破壞某種(zhong)物體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)原結構,這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)"破壞"效(xiao)果不是其他方法能代替的(de)(de)(de),它雖然不是獨立完成一(yi)個工程,但卻是一(yi)個重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)工序(xu),特(te)別(bie)是石(shi)方開(kai)挖、礦山開(kai)采(cai)等工程缺少了這(zhe)(zhe)個工序(xu)還不行。中(zhong)國(guo)目前有發達的(de)(de)(de)鐵路和公路交通網,可以想象,當初在(zai)修(xiu)這(zhe)(zhe)些路的(de)(de)(de)時候會遇到許多高山峻嶺,一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)大山橫在(zai)兩(liang)地之(zhi)間,想要(yao)(yao)修(xiu)路,就(jiu)必須讓這(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)(zuo)山消失,這(zhe)(zhe)個時候聚能管爆(bao)破就(jiu)起(qi)到決定性作用(yong)了。
水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破技(ji)術,是在水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破技(ji)術基礎上發展起來的一項新(xin)技(ji)術,其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆(bao)破方式與水壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)破相同,但在周邊眼中安裝專用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝置替代(dai)常規(gui)爆(bao)破藥卷和傳爆(bao)線,利用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)產(chan)生(sheng)的粒(li)子射流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)爆(bao)破氣體應(ying)力及“氣楔(xie)”作用,形成平整圓(yuan)順的開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓(kuo)面(mian),對控制超欠(qian)挖(wa)具有良好(hao)效(xiao)果,有效(xiao)提升(sheng)(sheng)了隧(sui)道施(shi)工(gong)質量(liang)、進度(du)和經(jing)濟效(xiao)益。科學合理(li)地利用能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan),提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用效(xiao)率,對節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減排也十分(fen)重要(yao)。利用聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩端(duan)的水平開(kai)出的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生(sheng)的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)射流效(xiao)應(ying)對巖石(shi)進行破碎。據專家測算,由于聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩端(duan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生(sheng)的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)切割效(xiao)應(ying),其能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)比提升(sheng)(sheng)一個量(liang)級。