水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技術(shu)，是在(zai)水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技術(shu)基礎上發展(zhan)起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)項新技術(shu)，其掏槽眼(yan)(yan)、輔助(zhu)眼(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)藥(yao)結構和爆(bao)破(po)方式與水壓(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)相同，但在(zai)周邊眼(yan)(yan)中安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)專用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置替代常規爆(bao)破(po)藥(yao)卷和傳爆(bao)線(xian)，利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粒子射流動能(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)爆(bao)破(po)氣(qi)體應(ying)力及“氣(qi)楔”作用(yong)，形成平整圓順的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)，對控(kong)制超欠挖(wa)具有良好效(xiao)果，有效(xiao)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)了隧道施工質量(liang)、進度和經濟效(xiao)益。科學(xue)合理地利用(yong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，提(ti)(ti)高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)效(xiao)率(lv)，對節能(neng)(neng)減排也(ye)十分重要(yao)。利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水平開(kai)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)射流效(xiao)應(ying)對巖石進行破(po)碎。據專家測算，由于(yu)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)兩端(duan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)切割效(xiao)應(ying)，其能(neng)(neng)效(xiao)比提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)一(yi)個(ge)量(liang)級。

專用深孔爆破多向聚能管預裂與光面爆破技術的歷史與現狀：預裂爆破是沿設計開挖邊界布置密集炮孔，采取不耦合裝藥或裝填低威力炸藥，在主爆區之前起爆，從而在爆區與保留區之間形成預裂縫，以減弱主爆破對保留巖體的破壞并形成平整輪廓面的爆破作業。深孔爆破多向聚能管價格光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設計開(kai)挖(wa)邊界布(bu)設密集炮孔，采用(yong)不耦(ou)合裝藥(yao)或裝填低(di)威力炸(zha)藥(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)之后(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)以形(xing)成平整的(de)(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術的(de)(de)發(fa)展是(shi)先(xian)出現光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，然(ran)后(hou)衍生發(fa)展為預裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能(neng)管國內歷史與現狀，我(wo)國于1964～1965年(nian)在(zai)湖北陸水(shui)水(shui)電站施工中(zhong)(zhong)做過淺孔預裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)試驗，1965年(nian)鐵(tie)道部(bu)門在(zai)成昆鐵(tie)路(lu)建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)開(kai)始試驗光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在(zai)西(xi)延線(xian)張家(jia)船工點，全長(chang)近200m的(de)(de)2000m2路(lu)塹(qian)邊坡全部(bu)采用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后(hou)邊坡平整穩定(ding)，殘留的(de)(de)半孔清(qing)晰可見，是(shi)鐵(tie)路(lu)建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)采用(yong)路(lu)塹(qian)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。

在工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用的起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)火(huo)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利(li)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的連接形式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工程的重要性(xing)、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)等(deng)進行選擇(ze)，基(ji)本連接方式有(you)：串聯、并聯、串并聯和并串聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較(jiao)安(an)全、可靠、準(zhun)確(que)、高效等(deng)優點，在國(guo)內外仍(reng)占有(you)較(jiao)大比重。在大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主(zhu)要仍(reng)是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在有(you)瓦斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要的起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受(shou)各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的干(gan)擾而(er)發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此(ci)在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)，不(bu)能(neng)使用普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管。

水(shui)壓爆破是在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)孔兩(liang)端填充水(shui)袋(dai)，中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)裝上乳化炸(zha)，炮(pao)(pao)孔再用炮(pao)(pao)泥封死，炮(pao)(pao)孔間(jian)(jian)距很大，兩(liang)個炮(pao)(pao)空之間(jian)(jian)相距了一(yi)米(mi)(mi)左右，是常(chang)規爆破的炮(pao)(pao)孔間(jian)(jian)距的兩(liang)倍(bei)，這樣可以節(jie)(jie)省炮(pao)(pao)孔材料(liao)，這兩(liang)個凹槽(cao)(cao)又稱(cheng)為(wei)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)非常(chang)重(zhong)(zhong)要，放置(zhi)的位(wei)置(zhi)和方(fang)向都十分講究，一(yi)點也不能(neng)(neng)出錯，在(zai)爆破的瞬間(jian)(jian)，高(gao)溫(wen)高(gao)壓聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)射流立即往凹槽(cao)(cao)兩(liang)邊的巖(yan)石進(jin)行切(qie)割(ge)，巖(yan)石如(ru)同豆腐(fu)一(yi)樣輕松被切(qie)割(ge)切(qie)割(ge)出來的輪廓線十分平順，效果極好，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)水(shui)壓爆破中(zhong)(zhong)的水(shui)袋(dai)沒(mei)有降低爆破的效果，反而能(neng)(neng)保(bao)護隧道周邊植被，減少地質擾動，降低煙塵，重(zhong)(zhong)要的是節(jie)(jie)省炸(zha)成本，在(zai)未(wei)來這項技術(shu)會(hui)廣泛應用于工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，降低施工(gong)成本。爆破聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管水(shui)壓光(guang)面爆破較水(shui)壓光(guang)面爆破，在(zai)周邊眼單(dan)循環火(huo)工(gong)品使用量(liang)上節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數(shu)量(liang)從39個下降為(wei)23個費用節(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土(tu)噴射每延米(mi)(mi)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。