是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)、后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)構成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)為(wei)(wei)塑性(xing)材料(liao)制成(cheng)，呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于正(zheng)常炮(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可隨(sui)爆破需(xu)要生產，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩端(duan)各有外(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)，兩端(duan)外(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)間(jian)有一(yi)縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)切縫(feng)，切縫(feng)間(jian)等(deng)距有加強筋，前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)呈(cheng)傘狀(zhuang)，傘形(xing)(xing)尖有一(yi)光孔，兩側直壁(bi)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)螺紋(wen)配合(he)，帽(mao)(mao)(mao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后端(duan)螺紋(wen)配合(he)。可根據(ju)炮(pao)眼深(shen)度采用合(he)適的聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他工(gong)具幫(bang)助(zhu)送入炮(pao)眼，切縫(feng)方向(xiang)(xiang)準確(que)，兩端(duan)的前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)和后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)炮(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，保證聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)同心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)準確(que)。且利于工(gong)業(ye)(ye)化生產，作業(ye)(ye)安全

不成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)例是(shi)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)爆(bao)(bao)而不倒、實施(shi)定向爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后沒有(you)按爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)方案的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向倒塌等等。這些事(shi)(shi)例警示:從爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計、爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器材(cai)質量、爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)施(shi)工(gong)到起爆(bao)(bao)網(wang)路連接(jie)等，只要(yao)有(you)一個環節(jie)出現(xian)失誤(wu)，都將(jiang)影響爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，乃至造成嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后果。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業無(wu)論是(shi)老舊(jiu)建(jian)筑物(wu)本身(shen)還是(shi)周圍(wei)環境都十分復雜，這不僅要(yao)求認真調查爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(包括(kuo)施(shi)工(gong)缺(que)陷)，分析受(shou)力(li)狀況，同(tong)時還要(yao)對(dui)采取技術措施(shi)(如(ru)預處理、嵌(qian)補(bu)、支撐等)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠和安(an)全性(xing)進行分析，對(dui)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)外情況，應(ying)預先制(zhi)定應(ying)急(ji)方案，努力(li)避免安(an)全事(shi)(shi)故和不必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)環保(bao)性(xing)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)受(shou)到人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注，同(tong)時，探(tan)索無(wu)公害的(de)(de)(de)(de)拆除爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術，一直是(shi)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)作者追求的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標。設(she)立掩蔽體(ti)(ti)對(dui)物(wu)體(ti)(ti)加(jia)以保(bao)護，簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法是(shi)用草袋、竹(zhu)笆(ba)一類材(cai)料(liao)覆蓋在(zai)需要(yao)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)面(mian);對(dui)房屋和機器設(she)備常要(yao)在(zai)迎面(mian)和頂部豎立排架，用木板(ban)或荊笆(ba)上(shang)罩鐵絲網(wang)，抵(di)御較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)石和較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣沖擊(ji)波的(de)(de)(de)(de)打擊(ji);對(dui)某些重(zhong)要(yao)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑物(wu)打防震孔或者用預裂爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)將(jiang)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)區和被保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑物(wu)或工(gong)程設(she)施(shi)隔離開來(lai)(lai)。

在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)雷(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)，進(jin)而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)藥的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)器材(cai)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)連接形(xing)式，要(yao)根據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)方法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)規模、工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)重要(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及(ji)其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)等(deng)進(jin)行選擇，基本(ben)連接方式有(you)：串(chuan)聯(lian)、并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)、串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)和并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)聯(lian)等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較安全、可靠、準確(que)、高(gao)效等(deng)優點，在(zai)國(guo)內(nei)外仍占有(you)較大比重。在(zai)大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)，主要(yao)仍是用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)有(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要(yao)的(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容(rong)易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的(de)干擾(rao)而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因(yin)此在(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)，不能(neng)(neng)使(shi)用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管。

發(fa)揮巨大(da)效(xiao)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵又在其(qi)上面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)”上。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部目(mu)(mu)(mu)前采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)”，通(tong)過這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)讓爆炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)威力在隧道中切割(ge)出十(shi)分平(ping)順的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)廓線(xian)，的(de)(de)(de)(de)控制了(le)爆破量，有(you)效(xiao)管(guan)(guan)控了(le)超挖欠挖的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)。為了(le)進(jin)一步嚴格控制開(kai)(kai)挖輪(lun)廓，達到提(ti)高光(guang)面(mian)爆破效(xiao)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，并研究出了(le)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)上兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)”變為三(san)個(ge)(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)明設計(ji)，目(mu)(mu)(mu)前，該發(fa)明設計(ji)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)進(jin)入到了(le)試生產階段。未來，三(san)“聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)”設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)水壓爆破技術(shu)(shu)將(jiang)推(tui)動中鐵十(shi)四局四公司張吉懷鐵路(lu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部施工開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)邁上一個(ge)(ge)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺階，給項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部帶來巨大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)。工程爆破技術(shu)(shu)經(jing)(jing)過幾十(shi)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，已(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)滲透(tou)到經(jing)(jing)濟建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多領域，特別為中國的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵路(lu)建設、礦山(shan)開(kai)(kai)采、城市(shi)拆舊定(ding)向(xiang)爆破等(deng)做出了(le)重要貢(gong)獻。

專用爆破多向聚能管是將炸藥裝在聚能管內，兩頭均放置了水袋，聚能管爆炸產生的高溫高壓射流，讓水袋產生“水楔”效應,使圍巖裂縫加劇延伸擴展。它是在水壓光面爆破基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，區別只是在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，只要做到七大關鍵環節：水袋挺拔飽滿、炮泥軟硬適中、水袋裝填到底、炮泥回填到口、木棍逐節搗固、水藥緊密相連、槽面必須平行，就能對控制超欠挖起到良好效果。爆破多向聚能管公司在(zai)推廣(guang)水(shui)壓爆破的(de)基礎上，去年9月，水(shui)壓聚(ju)能(neng)爆破的(de)成果上，今年更為深入地在(zai)興泉鐵路(lu)大嶺(ling)隧(sui)道、牡佳鐵路(lu)麻(ma)山隧(sui)道采用了此項技術，積累了成功經驗。