施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝嚴格遵循六(liu)字(zi)方(fang)針(掛滿、貼緊、對(dui)準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按(an)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求合理布(bu)置。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)規定(ding)位置上打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和(he)角度。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管裝藥(yao)時(shi)(shi),要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸藥(yao)在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管中(zhong)空內壁中(zhong)填(tian)充(chong)飽滿不得(de)有空隙出現時(shi)(shi)以(yi)產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管在(zai)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝填(tian)時(shi)(shi),要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的兩條聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指(zhi)向巷道輪(lun)廓線(xian)方(fang)向并且各個炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸(zhou)線(xian)方(fang)面要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)相(xiang)互連接在(zai)隧道輪(lun)廓線(xian)上。否則成型效果不僅不好,反(fan)而更差(cha)。(5)保證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵(du)塞(sai)質(zhi)量(liang)。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)員應(ying)提前按(an)規定(ding)裝好聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的炸藥(yao),并做好準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)作。試用范(fan)圍(wei):一(yi)(yi)級(ji)至(zhi)五級(ji)圍(wei)巖的光面爆破工(gong)(gong)程。

在工程爆破中，礦用型雙向聚能管價格常用的起爆方法有：電力起爆法、導火索起爆法、導爆索起爆法、導爆管起爆法。電力起爆法是利用電能使雷管爆炸，進而起爆炸藥的起爆芳法。它所需的器材有：電雷管、導線和起爆電源。電爆網路的連接形式，要根據爆破方法、爆破規模、工程的重要性、所選起爆電源及其起爆能力等進行選擇，紹興礦用型雙向聚能管基(ji)本連接(jie)方(fang)(fang)式有(you)：串(chuan)聯、并(bing)(bing)聯、串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)聯和并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆法具(ju)有(you)較安全、可靠、準確(que)、高(gao)效等(deng)優點，在(zai)(zai)國內外仍占有(you)較大(da)比(bi)重(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)、中型爆破(po)中，主要仍是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆。特別是在(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦(wa)斯、礦塵爆炸的(de)(de)環境(jing)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆是主要的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)爆方(fang)(fang)法。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)爆容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)干擾(rao)而發生早爆，因(yin)此在(zai)(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境(jing)中，不能使用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管。

聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)由(you)炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)、引信和(he)(he)支(zhi)架等部分組成(cheng)(cheng)，其(qi)作用(yong)及對(dui)(dui)(dui)聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)威(wei)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)影響分述如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是聚能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)壓(ya)越大(da)，聚能(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力(li)(li)越大(da)；為(wei)得到高爆(bao)壓(ya)，需高爆(bao)速、高密度的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)炸(zha)有梯恩(en)梯、8321炸(zha)等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和(he)(he)壓(ya)裝多種(zhong)(zhong)。2．型(xing)罩(zhao)，型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)體(ti)材料的(de)(de)(de)射流動能(neng)(neng)，從而提高其(qi)穿透和(he)(he)切(qie)割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿足四點(dian)要(yao)求，即可壓(ya)縮性小、密度高、塑性和(he)(he)延展(zhan)性好，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射流中(zhong)(zhong)不汽化(hua)。大(da)量試(shi)驗證明，用(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)罩(zhao)效(xiao)果好，其(qi)次為(wei)鑄鐵、鋼(gang)和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)(zhong)多樣，主要(yao)有軸對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物(wu)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面(mian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)，常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)有用(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)屬板材的(de)(de)(de)直線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)管材的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩種(zhong)(zhong)；中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)有球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔(qiang)和(he)(he)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在瞬間(jian)同時起爆(bao)，可在空腔(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)點(dian)獲得極(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量集中(zhong)(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是軸對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)和(he)(he)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)兩類(lei)型(xing)罩(zhao)。

各(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材銷毀以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材意外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)時，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)源與人(ren)員(yuan)和其(qi)他(ta)保(bao)護對象之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)取(qu)各(ge)種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)（地(di)震、沖(chong)擊(ji)波、飛石(shi)、有(you)(you)毒氣(qi)體等）分別核定(ding)的(de)(de)大值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時，必然(ran)產生(sheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震、空氣(qi)沖(chong)擊(ji)波、碎石(shi)飛散及(ji)有(you)(you)害氣(qi)體，因(yin)此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設計時必須(xu)確(que)定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)危害范圍，并確(que)定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附近人(ren)員(yuan)、設備、建(jian)筑物及(ji)井巷等的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，這一(yi)段距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)就稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。如(ru)何控制(zhi)好(hao)這段距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)就顯的(de)(de)尤為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重要。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)保(bao)證爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)點與人(ren)員(yuan)或(huo)其(qi)他(ta)應(ying)(ying)保(bao)護對象之(zhi)間(jian)必須(xu)保(bao)持短的(de)(de)相隔長度。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)(you)害效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)隨距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)增加(jia)有(you)(you)規律地(di)衰減，用距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)尺度可限定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)(you)害效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)在允許限度之(zhi)內(nei)。中國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)規程》規定(ding)了(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)震安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)，個(ge)別飛散物安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)，以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)沖(chong)擊(ji)波的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。

聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎法特點是:不需要打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)，因而(er)不需要購(gou)買打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)設備和(he)動(dong)力設備;施(shi)(shi)工簡單，施(shi)(shi)工進度比淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法快安(an)全性比普通淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法和(he)普通裸露藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)法好;勞(lao)動(dong)強度比淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法低。制(zhi)造聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)所采(cai)(cai)用(yong)的炸藥(yao)(yao)有(you):黑索金和(he)梯恩梯混(hun)合熔鑄型(xing);乳化油炸藥(yao)(yao)和(he)黑索金混(hun)裝型(xing)和(he)二(er)號(hao)巖石硝鉸炸藥(yao)(yao)壓制(zhi)型(xing)。根(gen)據使用(yong)的結果證明，選(xuan)用(yong)密度較(jiao)大(da)和(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)高(gao)的炸藥(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)能(neng)獲(huo)得較(jiao)好的破(po)(po)碎效(xiao)果。這主要是由于(yu)它加工簡單和(he)破(po)(po)碎能(neng)力較(jiao)大(da)。在(zai)礦山由于(yu)二(er)次破(po)(po)碎消耗的藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)較(jiao)多，而(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩(zhao)的加工費(fei)工又(you)費(fei)材料，所以多不采(cai)(cai)用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩(zhao)。國內生產的一種用(yong)于(yu)破(po)(po)碎大(da)塊的聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)，裝置(zhi)聚(ju)能(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)時，要將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)垂直裝在(zai)大(da)塊的頂面上(shang)，聚(ju)能(neng)穴(xue)朝下。藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)位置(zhi)應選(xuan)在(zai)頂面的幾何中心(xin)或附(fu)近較(jiao)平整的地(di)點。然(ran)后在(zai)上(shang)面覆蓋泥沙。