專用o型聚能管施工工藝嚴格遵循六字方針(掛滿、貼緊、對準)：(1)要保證炮眼打眼質量,炮眼必須按技術要求合理布置。(2)要保證掏槽眼以及其他眼眼的打眼質量,一定要在規定位置上打眼;二江門o型聚能管要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)炮眼(yan)深度和(he)角度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)裝藥時(shi),要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)乳化(hua)炸藥在(zai)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)空內壁中(zhong)填充飽滿(man)不得有空隙出(chu)現時(shi)以(yi)產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)炮眼(yan)中(zhong)裝填時(shi),要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩(liang)條聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽指向(xiang)巷道輪廓線(xian)方(fang)向(xiang)并(bing)且各(ge)個炮眼(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽軸(zhou)線(xian)方(fang)面要(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)相互連接在(zai)隧道輪廓線(xian)上。否則成型效果不僅不好,反而更差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)炮眼(yan)堵塞質量。(6)放(fang)炮員(yuan)應提(ti)前按(an)規定裝好聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好準備工(gong)作。試用范圍(wei)(wei):一(yi)級至(zhi)五級圍(wei)(wei)巖的(de)光面爆破工(gong)程。

在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，常用的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所需的(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)雷管、導(dao)(dao)線和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連接形式(shi)，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模(mo)、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)重要(yao)性、所選起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)等進行選擇(ze)，基本連接方(fang)(fang)式(shi)有(you)：串聯、并聯、串并聯和(he)并串聯等。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較安全、可靠、準確、高(gao)效等優(you)點(dian)，在(zai)(zai)國內外仍占有(you)較大(da)比重。在(zai)(zai)大(da)、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，主(zhu)要(yao)仍是用電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵(chen)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環境中，電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容(rong)易受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的(de)(de)干擾而發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)、射(she)頻電(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環境中，不能(neng)使用普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)雷管。

給大家介紹下爆破聚能(neng)管的(de)技術原理∶炸藥爆炸產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)爆轟波通(tong)(tong)過聚能(neng)管的(de)聚能(neng)槽，將炸藥的(de)動能(neng)、勢能(neng)轉換成高壓(ya)(ya)、高速、高能(neng)的(de)射(she)流(liu)，切割(ge)演示成縫。射(she)流(liu)在(zai)孔(kong)壁產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)射(she)流(liu)壓(ya)(ya)力達7000MPa，巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)動載抗(kang)壓(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度為(wei)200MPa，抗(kang)拉為(wei)1/8～1/10的(de)抗(kang)壓(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度，相鄰兩(liang)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)互為(wei)鄰空面，疊加(jia)后的(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮波變為(wei)稀疏波，在(zai)兩(liang)炮(pao)(pao)眼連線(xian)上使巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)結構斷裂，形(xing)成裂紋。準靜態氣(qi)體(ti)膨脹，靜態壓(ya)(ya)力在(zai)兩(liang)炮(pao)(pao)孔(kong)最短連線(xian)兩(liang)側產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)拉力使巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)裂縫進一步擴展(zhan)。根據爆破應力集中氣(qi)刃(ren)作用原則，爆破氣(qi)體(ti)沿裂縫進一步擴大貫通(tong)(tong)，拋落巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)。

水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，在周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)單循環(huan)(huan)火工(gong)品使用(yong)(yong)量上節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)鉆孔數量從39個(ge)下降為23個(ge)費用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)41%，混凝土噴(pen)射每(mei)(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1.37立(li)方米(mi)。水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每(mei)(mei)循環(huan)(huan)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即(ji)每(mei)(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)比例達32%。此(ci)外，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低隧(sui)道內石渣塊度(du)和(he)粉塵含量，還(huan)可使通風時(shi)間(jian)有(you)效(xiao)縮(suo)短(duan)33%。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)藝技(ji)術很(hen)成(cheng)熟、可操作(zuo)性很(hen)強、材(cai)料成(cheng)本很(hen)低、施工(gong)速度(du)很(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)(huan)保效(xiao)果很(hen)顯著(zhu)、經濟效(xiao)益(yi)社會效(xiao)益(yi)很(hen)高。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術是近幾年發(fa)展(zhan)起來的(de)一項掘進新技(ji)術,這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術與傳統的(de)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術有(you)一定的(de)差(cha)別,聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理是在巷道周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)中,將炸裝在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)中起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時(shi)利用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),以減少裂隙(xi)的(de)數量和(he)控(kong)制優(you)勢裂隙(xi)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方向(xiang)。

光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技術(shu)優勢：相對于傳統爆(bao)(bao)破(po)工藝(yi)，聚(ju)能管光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)比常規爆(bao)(bao)破(po)具有以(yi)(yi)下優勢∶少打(da)眼，少裝藥(yao)。節(jie)約周(zhou)邊(bian)鉆(zhan)孔量50%，總鉆(zhan)孔進尺減(jian)(jian)少30%；節(jie)約炸藥(yao)10～20%，雷管30%。節(jie)約噴漿料15-20%。節(jie)省時間∶每循環(huan)鉆(zhan)孔、裝藥(yao)、噴漿時間1.5-2.0小時。在(zai)安全方面(mian)(mian)(mian)利用水沙(sha)袋替(ti)代炮(pao)泥(ni)，以(yi)(yi)避免搗炮(pao)泥(ni)損毀(hui)電(dian)雷管導(dao)線，造成(cheng)(cheng)瞎炮(pao)。大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少對圍巖(yan)擾動，光面(mian)(mian)(mian)效果(guo)好，巖(yan)性(xing)條件差情(qing)況(kuang)下可(ke)以(yi)(yi)大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少超(chao)挖量，控(kong)制(zhi)巷(xiang)道(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)；巖(yan)性(xing)完(wan)整無(wu)節(jie)理情(qing)況(kuang)下眼痕率可(ke)以(yi)(yi)達到90%以(yi)(yi)上，巷(xiang)道(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)好，穩(wen)定性(xing)強。布孔方式優化成(cheng)(cheng)多排掏(tao)槽布孔，單(dan)次掘進深度可(ke)以(yi)(yi)優化提高(gao)10%到15%不等(deng)。由(you)于炮(pao)孔數量大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少可(ke)以(yi)(yi)考慮一起全斷面(mian)(mian)(mian)起爆(bao)(bao)，節(jie)省放炮(pao)時間。

聚能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)法(fa)特(te)點是(shi):不需要打眼(yan)，因(yin)而(er)(er)不需要購買打眼(yan)設(she)備(bei)和(he)(he)動力設(she)備(bei);施工(gong)簡單，施工(gong)進度(du)(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)快安全性比(bi)普通(tong)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)和(he)(he)普通(tong)裸(luo)露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞動強(qiang)度(du)(du)比(bi)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)低。制(zhi)造聚能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)所(suo)采用的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you):黑索金和(he)(he)梯(ti)恩梯(ti)混(hun)(hun)合熔鑄(zhu)型(xing);乳化油炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)黑索金混(hun)(hun)裝型(xing)和(he)(he)二號巖石硝鉸炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制(zhi)型(xing)。根據使(shi)用的(de)(de)結果(guo)證明，選用密度(du)(du)較(jiao)大(da)(da)和(he)(he)爆(bao)(bao)速較(jiao)高的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造聚能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)能獲得較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)效果(guo)。這主要是(shi)由(you)于它(ta)加(jia)工(gong)簡單和(he)(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)能力較(jiao)大(da)(da)。在(zai)礦山由(you)于二次(ci)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)較(jiao)多(duo)，而(er)(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)費工(gong)又費材料，所(suo)以多(duo)不采用藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩。國內生產(chan)的(de)(de)一種用于破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)大(da)(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)聚能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)，裝置聚能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)時，要將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)垂直裝在(zai)大(da)(da)塊(kuai)的(de)(de)頂面上，聚能穴(xue)朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)位置應選在(zai)頂面的(de)(de)幾何中心(xin)或(huo)附近(jin)較(jiao)平整的(de)(de)地點。然后在(zai)上面覆蓋泥沙。