水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)是在(zai)炮(pao)孔(kong)兩(liang)端(duan)填充(chong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)袋，中間(jian)(jian)裝上乳(ru)化炸(zha)，炮(pao)孔(kong)再(zai)用炮(pao)泥封死，炮(pao)孔(kong)間(jian)(jian)距很大，兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)炮(pao)空之間(jian)(jian)相(xiang)距了一米(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右，是常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炮(pao)孔(kong)間(jian)(jian)距的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)倍，這(zhe)樣(yang)可以(yi)節(jie)省炮(pao)孔(kong)材料，這(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)凹槽又稱為聚(ju)能(neng)槽，聚(ju)能(neng)槽非常重(zhong)(zhong)要，放置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)和方向都十(shi)分講究，一點也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)出錯(cuo)，在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)，高溫高壓(ya)聚(ju)能(neng)射(she)流立即(ji)往(wang)凹槽兩(liang)邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巖石進行(xing)切割(ge)，巖石如同(tong)豆腐(fu)一樣(yang)輕松被切割(ge)切割(ge)出來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓線十(shi)分平順，效果極好，聚(ju)能(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)袋沒有降(jiang)低爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果，反而能(neng)保(bao)護(hu)隧(sui)道周邊(bian)植被，減(jian)少地質(zhi)擾動，降(jiang)低煙(yan)塵，重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是節(jie)省炸(zha)成本(ben)(ben)，在(zai)未來(lai)(lai)這(zhe)項(xiang)技術會廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用于(yu)工程(cheng)中，降(jiang)低施工成本(ben)(ben)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能(neng)管水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)較水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)，在(zai)周邊(bian)眼(yan)單(dan)循(xun)環火工品使用量上節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用8.3%，周邊(bian)眼(yan)鉆孔(kong)數量從39個(ge)(ge)下降(jiang)為23個(ge)(ge)費(fei)用節(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土(tu)噴射(she)每(mei)延(yan)米(mi)(mi)節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米(mi)(mi)。

水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)基礎上發(fa)展起來(lai)的(de)一項新技術(shu)，其掏槽(cao)眼、輔助眼裝(zhuang)藥結構(gou)和(he)(he)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)方式(shi)與水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)相同，但在周邊眼中(zhong)安裝(zhuang)專用(yong)(yong)線(xian)(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)替(ti)代常規爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)藥卷和(he)(he)傳(chuan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)線(xian)(xian)，利用(yong)(yong)線(xian)(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)產生的(de)粒子射(she)流(liu)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)氣體應力(li)及“氣楔”作用(yong)(yong)，形成平整圓順的(de)開挖輪(lun)廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，對控制超(chao)欠挖具有(you)(you)良好效(xiao)果，有(you)(you)效(xiao)提升了(le)隧(sui)(sui)道施工質量(liang)、進(jin)度(du)和(he)(he)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)。水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)較(jiao)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)，在周邊眼單循環(huan)火(huo)工品使用(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊眼鉆(zhan)孔數量(liang)從39個(ge)下降(jiang)(jiang)為23個(ge)費用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)41%，混凝土噴(pen)射(she)每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)1.37立方米(mi)。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)比水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)每(mei)循環(huan)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)258.4元，即每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)76較(jiao)元，節(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費用(yong)(yong)比例達32%。此外，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)降(jiang)(jiang)低隧(sui)(sui)道內石渣塊度(du)和(he)(he)粉塵(chen)含量(liang)，還可使通風時間(jian)有(you)(you)效(xiao)縮短33%。

專業深孔爆破多向聚能管預裂與光面爆破技術的歷史與現狀：預裂爆破是沿設計開挖邊界布置密集炮孔，采取不耦合裝藥或裝填低威力炸藥，在主爆區之前起爆，從而在爆區與保留區之間形成預裂縫，以減弱主爆破對保留巖體的破壞并形成平整輪廓面的爆破作業。深孔爆破多向聚能管廠家光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)是(shi)沿設計開(kai)挖(wa)邊(bian)(bian)界布設密集炮孔(kong)(kong)，采用不耦合裝藥或裝填低威力炸(zha)藥，在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)之后起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)以形成(cheng)平整的(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技術的(de)發展是(shi)先(xian)出現(xian)(xian)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)，然(ran)后衍生發展為預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)。聚能(neng)管國(guo)內(nei)歷(li)史與現(xian)(xian)狀，我國(guo)于1964～1965年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)湖(hu)北(bei)陸(lu)水(shui)水(shui)電(dian)站施工中(zhong)做過淺孔(kong)(kong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)試(shi)驗(yan)，1965年(nian)(nian)鐵道部(bu)門在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)昆鐵路(lu)建設中(zhong)開(kai)始試(shi)驗(yan)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)，1977年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)延線張家船工點，全(quan)長近(jin)200m的(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊(bian)(bian)坡全(quan)部(bu)采用光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)后邊(bian)(bian)坡平整穩定，殘留的(de)半(ban)孔(kong)(kong)清晰(xi)可見(jian)，是(shi)鐵路(lu)建設中(zhong)采用路(lu)塹光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)。

水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較(jiao)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，在周邊(bian)眼單循環(huan)火工(gong)品使(shi)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊(bian)眼鉆孔數量(liang)從39個下降為23個費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)41%，混(hun)凝(ning)土噴(pen)射每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米(mi)。水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每(mei)循環(huan)節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)258.4元，即每(mei)延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元，節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)比例達(da)32%。此外，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)水壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效降低隧道(dao)(dao)內石渣塊度和(he)(he)粉塵(chen)含量(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時(shi)(shi)間有(you)(you)效縮短33%。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)藝技(ji)術很(hen)(hen)(hen)成(cheng)熟、可操作性很(hen)(hen)(hen)強、材料成(cheng)本(ben)很(hen)(hen)(hen)低、施工(gong)速(su)度很(hen)(hen)(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)環(huan)保效果(guo)很(hen)(hen)(hen)顯著、經濟效益(yi)社會效益(yi)很(hen)(hen)(hen)高。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術是近幾年發展起來的一項掘進新技(ji)術,這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術與(yu)傳統的光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術有(you)(you)一定的差別,聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)定向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理(li)是在巷道(dao)(dao)周邊(bian)眼中(zhong),將炸裝在聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)作用(yong)(yong),以(yi)減少裂隙(xi)的數量(liang)和(he)(he)控(kong)制優(you)勢裂隙(xi)的發展方向。