采用(yong)一(yi)種抗靜電阻燃的(de)特種塑料管(guan)(guan)、異形雙槽(cao)聚能管(guan)(guan)，根據(ju)炮眼(yan)深度(du)可長可短。是兩個(ge)相似半壁管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，半壁管(guan)(guan)中央有(you)個(ge)凹(ao)進去的(de)槽(cao)叫做'聚能槽(cao)"，使用(yong)聚能管(guan)(guan)光面爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)效(xiao)果(guo)好(hao)，開(kai)挖輪廓線平順整齊，圍巖擾動減(jian)少、超欠挖明顯改(gai)善，有(you)利于支護工(gong)(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，同時混凝(ning)土回(hui)填成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)大(da)(da)為降(jiang)低。鑿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率減(jian)少30%，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)降(jiang)低了(le)(le)(le)爆(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業工(gong)(gong)班的(de)勞(lao)動量:鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)縮短30分鐘、少打(da)眼(yan)、出渣量減(jian)少，降(jiang)低了(le)(le)(le)材料成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、減(jian)少工(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞(lao)動效(xiao)率明顯提高，周邊(bian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)降(jiang)低30%以上，半眼(yan)痕(hen)保留率高達(da)85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)聚能管(guan)(guan)主要(yao)應用(yong)于隧道(dao)、煤礦、鐵礦等需(xu)要(yao)進行光面爆(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程。采用(yong)聚能管(guan)(guan)的(de)光面爆(bao)破(po)可減(jian)少鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，擴大(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)距，減(jian)少導爆(bao)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)量，減(jian)少超挖，減(jian)少噴漿，提高半孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率，既節省了(le)(le)(le)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)又提高了(le)(le)(le)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率。

火索起爆法，導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有：導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專用深孔爆破多向聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活，使用方便，成本較低，廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病，在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法，深孔爆破多向聚能管廠家用(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)直接(jie)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥包(bao)的方法(fa)叫(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。先用(yong)雷管(guan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)，當(dang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波(bo)傳(chuan)至炸(zha)藥包(bao)時，將炸(zha)藥引(yin)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需(xu)要延時分(fen)段(duan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的地方，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)中(zhong)接(jie)入(ru)繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)，就能達到導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破的目的。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破法(fa)所需(xu)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料有(you)：雷管(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)和繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)等(deng)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路(lu)常用(yong)的有(you)：串聯(lian)、簇(cu)并聯(lian)、單向(xiang)分(fen)段(duan)并聯(lian)和雙向(xiang)分(fen)段(duan)并聯(lian)等(deng)。

水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)在(zai)隧道(dao)掘進作業中的(de)實(shi)(shi)際應用。提升光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)水(shui)平、嚴抓隧道(dao)超挖管控進行了介紹。聚能(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)工藝(yi)技(ji)術(shu)很(hen)(hen)成熟、可(ke)操(cao)作性很(hen)(hen)強、材料(liao)成本很(hen)(hen)低、施工速(su)度很(hen)(hen)快、節能(neng)環(huan)保效果很(hen)(hen)顯著、經濟(ji)效益社(she)會(hui)效益很(hen)(hen)高。一是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提高對(dui)推廣(guang)該(gai)項技(ji)術(shu)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)性和(he)必然性的(de)認識(shi);二是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)樹立必須采取聚能(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)的(de)意識(shi);三是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)堅持培訓、示(shi)范、監督(du)“三位一體”;四(si)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制定(ding)切實(shi)(shi)的(de)獎懲制度;五是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)立檢查監督(du)機制，持續促進該(gai)項技(ji)術(shu)的(de)深(shen)入(ru)推廣(guang)。在(zai)隧道(dao)施工的(de)現(xian)場管理、科技(ji)創新、人才培養、經濟(ji)效益等方面(mian)(mian)的(de)不(bu)足(zu)。建(jian)議對(dui)施工一線基礎技(ji)術(shu)工作扎實(shi)(shi)推進;對(dui)新工藝(yi)、先進工法(fa)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)深(shen)入(ru)學(xue)習鉆研;對(dui)消極懈怠、故步自封的(de)思想要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)堅決抵制。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，常用(yong)的起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使雷管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的連(lian)接(jie)形式(shi)，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工(gong)程的重要性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及其起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)等進行選擇，基本連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)式(shi)有(you)：串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)、并聯(lian)、串(chuan)(chuan)并聯(lian)和并串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)較安(an)全、可靠、準(zhun)確(que)、高效等優(you)點，在(zai)(zai)(zai)國內外(wai)仍(reng)占有(you)較大(da)(da)比重。在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)、中型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，主要仍(reng)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)瓦斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的環境(jing)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)(shi)主要的起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的干擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)雜(za)散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的環境(jing)中，不能使用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)。

一、查驗生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業資質：1、經過(guo)(guo)(guo)歷年(nian)年(nian)審的(de)(de)(de)法(fa)人營(ying)業執照：一般(ban)情況下(xia)，個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)體(ti)工商戶、個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人獨資企(qi)業注冊資金低于(yu)人民(min)幣五十(shi)萬元的(de)(de)(de)即可(ke)認定為家(jia)(jia)庭作坊式廠家(jia)(jia)。2、具(ju)備(bei)(bei)一般(ban)納稅(shui)(shui)人資格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)務登(deng)記(ji)證(zheng)(zheng)：企(qi)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)年(nian)度銷售額達到或超過(guo)(guo)(guo)一定金額（以(yi)稅(shui)(shui)務發(fa)票開(kai)具(ju)數(shu)額為準(zhun)）并經主(zhu)管稅(shui)(shui)務機(ji)關核準(zhun)、具(ju)備(bei)(bei)獨立的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)票場所、專職會(hui)計及(ji)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)稅(shui)(shui)機(ji)具(ju)才能升級(ji)為一般(ban)納稅(shui)(shui)人企(qi)業。3、經過(guo)(guo)(guo)歷年(nian)年(nian)審的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)機(ji)構(gou)代碼(ma)證(zheng)(zheng)：組(zu)織(zhi)機(ji)構(gou)代碼(ma)證(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)中華人民(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)境內(nei)始終不變的(de)(de)(de)法(fa)定代碼(ma)標識，未經年(nian)度審驗的(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)視為非法(fa)機(ji)構(gou)。4、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)(zheng)證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)：一般(ban)情況下(xia)，所有(you)的(de)(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)電纜生產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業只(zhi)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)(zheng)范圍內(nei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)必須通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)(zheng)（CCC）。依(yi)基本常識判斷，既然(ran)單(dan)位名稱為“xxx電線(xian)(xian)廠”“xxx線(xian)(xian)纜廠”，其產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)未通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)或從未通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)(zheng)，證(zheng)(zheng)明其硬件、軟(ruan)件設施及(ji)人員配備(bei)(bei)根本達不到一個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)電纜生產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠家(jia)(jia)應具(ju)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)條件。5、國(guo)(guo)際(ji)質量(liang)體(ti)系(xi)認證(zheng)(zheng)證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)：ISO國(guo)(guo)際(ji)質量(liang)體(ti)系(xi)認證(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)企(qi)業整體(ti)素質、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量(liang)管理水平(ping)以(yi)及(ji)服務水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)標志。6、開(kai)戶許(xu)可(ke)證(zheng)(zheng)。

施工工藝(yi)嚴格遵循六字(zi)方(fang)針(zhen)(掛(gua)滿、貼緊(jin)、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼打(da)(da)眼質量(liang),炮(pao)眼必須按(an)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求合(he)理(li)布置。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)掏槽眼以(yi)及其他眼眼的(de)打(da)(da)眼質量(liang),一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)規定(ding)位置上打(da)(da)眼;二要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼深度(du)和角(jiao)度(du)。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝(zhuang)藥時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸藥在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中空內壁中填充飽滿不得有(you)空隙出現時以(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)炮(pao)眼中裝(zhuang)填時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)兩(liang)條聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指向巷道(dao)輪(lun)廓線方(fang)向并(bing)且各(ge)個炮(pao)眼聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸線方(fang)面要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)相互(hu)連接在(zai)隧道(dao)輪(lun)廓線上。否則(ze)成型效果不僅不好,反而更差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)眼堵塞質量(liang)。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)員應提前按(an)規定(ding)裝(zhuang)好聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好準備工作。試用范(fan)圍(wei)(wei):一(yi)級至(zhi)五級圍(wei)(wei)巖的(de)光面爆破工程。