各種(zhong)(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)器(qi)材銷毀(hui)以及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)器(qi)材意(yi)外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸時，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)源(yuan)與人員(yuan)和(he)其他(ta)(ta)保(bao)護對象(xiang)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)取(qu)各種(zhong)(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)（地(di)震、沖(chong)擊波、飛石、有(you)毒氣體等(deng)）分別(bie)核(he)定(ding)的(de)(de)大值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)時，必(bi)然(ran)產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地(di)震、空(kong)氣沖(chong)擊波、碎(sui)石飛散(san)(san)及有(you)害(hai)氣體，因(yin)此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)設計時必(bi)須確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)危(wei)害(hai)范圍，并確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附近(jin)人員(yuan)、設備(bei)、建(jian)筑物及井(jing)巷等(deng)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，這(zhe)一段(duan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)就(jiu)稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。如何控(kong)制好這(zhe)段(duan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)就(jiu)顯的(de)(de)尤為(wei)(wei)重要。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地(di)點與人員(yuan)或其他(ta)(ta)應(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)護對象(xiang)之(zhi)間(jian)必(bi)須保(bao)持短的(de)(de)相隔(ge)長度(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)有(you)害(hai)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)隨距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)增(zeng)加有(you)規(gui)律地(di)衰(shuai)減，用距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)尺度(du)可(ke)限(xian)定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)有(you)害(hai)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在允許限(xian)度(du)之(zhi)內。中(zhong)國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程》規(gui)定(ding)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)地(di)震安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)，個別(bie)飛散(san)(san)物安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)，以及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸沖(chong)擊波的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)。

專業礦用型聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。棗莊礦用型聚能管水壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破比水壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破每(mei)循(xun)環節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每(mei)延米節(jie)約(yue)76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)比例達(da)32%。此外，聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)水壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破能(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低隧道(dao)內(nei)石渣塊度和(he)粉塵含量，還可(ke)使(shi)通風(feng)時間有(you)效(xiao)縮短33%。聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破工藝技(ji)術(shu)(shu)很(hen)成(cheng)熟、可(ke)操作性很(hen)強、材(cai)料(liao)成(cheng)本很(hen)低、施工速度很(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)環保效(xiao)果很(hen)顯著、經濟效(xiao)益(yi)社會效(xiao)益(yi)很(hen)高。聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是近幾年發(fa)展(zhan)起來的(de)一項掘(jue)進新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu),這(zhe)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)(shu)與傳(chuan)統的(de)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)(shu)有(you)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)差別,聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破原理是在(zai)巷道(dao)周邊眼中,將炸裝在(zai)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)中起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破時利用(yong)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)作用(yong),以(yi)減少裂(lie)隙的(de)數(shu)量和(he)控制優勢裂(lie)隙的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方向(xiang)。

在(zai)建造隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)的(de)時候，人們首(shou)先(xian)想到(dao)(dao)的(de)個方式，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，開(kai)山(shan)挖隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)修路，常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)需要使(shi)用(yong)數以噸計的(de)炸(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)的(de)威(wei)力十(shi)分巨大，但是(shi)(shi)在(zai)炸(zha)(zha)完之后(hou)，空(kong)氣中全是(shi)(shi)煙(yan)塵，根本無法(fa)進(jin)(jin)入，另(ling)外常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)炸(zha)(zha)出來的(de)輪廓線凹凸不平，后(hou)期常(chang)常(chang)需要工人進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步修補輪廓線才能進(jin)(jin)行下一(yi)(yi)道(dao)工序，耗時耗力，那么有(you)沒(mei)有(you)其他(ta)的(de)方式比常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)更好(hao)呢？2018年3月，央視(shi)報道(dao)了一(yi)(yi)場隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對比實(shi)驗，實(shi)驗采用(yong)兩種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，滴(di)喲中是(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)常(chang)規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，第(di)二(er)種(zhong)則是(shi)(shi)國人新發(fa)明(ming)的(de)聚能水(shui)壓光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，隨(sui)著(zhu)聲聲巨響，這場對比試驗的(de)結果超乎所有(you)人的(de)意料，聚能水(shui)壓爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)效(xiao)果更好(hao)，而且(qie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)產生的(de)水(shui)霧能將煙(yan)塵覆(fu)蓋，起到(dao)(dao)降塵的(de)作用(yong)，這項爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)新方式得到(dao)(dao)了觀(guan)眾們的(de)認可。

聚能(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔(ge)板(ban)、殼體、引信和(he)(he)支架等(deng)部(bu)分組(zu)成，其(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及(ji)對聚能(neng)包(bao)威力(li)(li)的(de)(de)影響分述如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是(shi)聚能(neng)管爆(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)能(neng)源(yuan)，炸(zha)的(de)(de)爆(bao)壓越大(da)，聚能(neng)彈威力(li)(li)越大(da)；為(wei)得到高(gao)爆(bao)壓，需高(gao)爆(bao)速、高(gao)密度的(de)(de)炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有梯恩(en)梯、8321炸(zha)等(deng)，裝方法有熔鑄，塑(su)裝和(he)(he)壓裝多(duo)種。2．型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)把(ba)炸(zha)的(de)(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)體材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)射流(liu)動能(neng)，從而(er)提(ti)高(gao)其(qi)穿(chuan)透和(he)(he)切割能(neng)力(li)(li)。型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)必(bi)須滿足四點要(yao)求(qiu)，即可壓縮性小、密度高(gao)、塑(su)性和(he)(he)延展(zhan)性好(hao)(hao)，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流(liu)中(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明(ming)，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效(xiao)果好(hao)(hao)，其(qi)次為(wei)鑄鐵(tie)、鋼和(he)(he)陶(tao)瓷。型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種多(duo)樣，主要(yao)有軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭(ba)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，常(chang)見的(de)(de)有用(yong)(yong)于切割屬板(ban)材(cai)的(de)(de)直(zhi)線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)于切割管材(cai)的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)罩(zhao)兩(liang)種；中(zhong)心對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，這種球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)心有球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷(fu)設炸(zha)，若(ruo)能(neng)在瞬間同時起爆(bao)，可在空腔中(zhong)心點獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。