東營雙向爆破聚能管是由管體、前錐形定格帽、后定格堵構成，管體為塑性材料制成，呈管狀，管體外徑小于正常炮眼內徑，長度可隨爆破需要生產，管體兩端各有外螺紋，兩端外螺紋間有一縱向切縫，切縫間等距有加強筋，前錐形定格帽呈傘狀，傘形尖有一光孔，兩側直壁內徑有螺紋，與管體外徑前端螺紋配合，帽體外徑大于管體，后定格堵為一封蓋，外徑直徑大于管體外徑，與前錐形定格帽外徑一致，后定格堵內徑有螺紋，與管體外徑后端螺紋配合。專業雙向爆破聚能管可根據炮(pao)眼深(shen)度采用合適(shi)的聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)管(guan)體，不(bu)需其他(ta)工(gong)具幫助送入炮(pao)眼，切縫(feng)方向準確，兩端的前錐形定(ding)(ding)格帽(mao)和后定(ding)(ding)格堵外徑與炮(pao)眼內徑一致，保證(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)管(guan)體同心，定(ding)(ding)向準確。且(qie)利于工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)生產，作業(ye)安全

施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)嚴格遵循六字方針(掛滿(man)、貼緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按技術要(yao)(yao)求合理布置(zhi)(zhi)。(2)要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以及其他(ta)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)在規定位置(zhi)(zhi)上打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二(er)要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度(du)和角度(du)。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)管裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)時(shi),要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)乳化炸藥(yao)(yao)在聚(ju)能(neng)管中(zhong)空(kong)內壁中(zhong)填(tian)充飽滿(man)不(bu)得有空(kong)隙出現時(shi)以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)管在炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝(zhuang)填(tian)時(shi),要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)兩條聚(ju)能(neng)槽指向(xiang)巷道輪(lun)廓線方向(xiang)并且各(ge)個炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)槽軸線方面要(yao)(yao)保證(zheng)相互連(lian)接在隧(sui)道輪(lun)廓線上。否則成型效(xiao)果不(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)好,反而更(geng)差。(5)保證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)量(liang)。(6)放炮(pao)員應提前(qian)按規定裝(zhuang)好聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao),并做(zuo)好準備工(gong)作。試用范圍:一(yi)級(ji)至五級(ji)圍巖的(de)光面爆破工(gong)程。

水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)較水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)，在周邊眼單(dan)循環火工(gong)品使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔(kong)數(shu)量(liang)從39個(ge)下降為23個(ge)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝(ning)土噴射每延米節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立(li)方米。水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)比水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)每循環節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)258.4元，即(ji)每延米節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)76較元，節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比例(li)達32%。此外，聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低隧道內(nei)石渣塊度和粉塵含量(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時間有(you)效(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)藝技(ji)術(shu)很成(cheng)熟、可操作性很強、材料成(cheng)本很低、施(shi)工(gong)速度很快、節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)環保效(xiao)果很顯著、經濟效(xiao)益(yi)社會效(xiao)益(yi)很高。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)是近(jin)幾年發展(zhan)起來的一(yi)項(xiang)掘進新(xin)技(ji)術(shu),這種爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)與傳(chuan)統的光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的差別,聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)原理是在巷道周邊眼中,將炸裝(zhuang)在聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)中起爆(bao),爆(bao)破(po)(po)時利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),以減(jian)少裂(lie)隙(xi)的數(shu)量(liang)和控制優勢裂(lie)隙(xi)的發展(zhan)方向(xiang)。

水(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)是在(zai)炮(pao)孔(kong)兩(liang)端填充水(shui)袋，中(zhong)間(jian)裝上乳(ru)化炸(zha)，炮(pao)孔(kong)再用炮(pao)泥封死，炮(pao)孔(kong)間(jian)距(ju)很大(da)，兩(liang)個炮(pao)空之間(jian)相距(ju)了一米左右，是常規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炮(pao)孔(kong)間(jian)距(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)倍，這樣可以節省炮(pao)孔(kong)材料，這兩(liang)個凹(ao)槽又稱為聚(ju)能(neng)槽，聚(ju)能(neng)槽非常重要，放置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置和方向都(dou)十(shi)分(fen)講究，一點也不能(neng)出錯，在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)，高溫高壓(ya)聚(ju)能(neng)射流立即(ji)往凹(ao)槽兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巖石(shi)進行(xing)切割，巖石(shi)如(ru)同豆腐一樣輕松被切割切割出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓(kuo)線十(shi)分(fen)平順，效(xiao)(xiao)果極好，聚(ju)能(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)袋沒(mei)有(you)降(jiang)低(di)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)果，反而能(neng)保(bao)護隧道周邊植(zhi)被，減少(shao)地質擾動，降(jiang)低(di)煙塵(chen)，重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是節省炸(zha)成(cheng)本(ben)，在(zai)未來這項技術會廣(guang)泛應用于工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)，降(jiang)低(di)施工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能(neng)管水(shui)壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)較水(shui)壓(ya)光面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)，在(zai)周邊眼(yan)單循環火(huo)工(gong)(gong)品(pin)使(shi)用量(liang)(liang)上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼(yan)鉆孔(kong)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)從39個下降(jiang)為23個費用節約41%，混凝土(tu)噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。

預裂(lie)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)的歷(li)史與(yu)現狀(zhuang)：預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)計開挖(wa)邊(bian)界布置(zhi)密(mi)集(ji)炮孔，采(cai)取不耦(ou)合(he)裝藥或裝填低威(wei)力炸藥，在(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區與(yu)保(bao)留(liu)區之(zhi)間形成預裂(lie)縫，以(yi)減(jian)弱主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)對保(bao)留(liu)巖體的破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞并形成平(ping)整(zheng)輪廓面(mian)(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)計開挖(wa)邊(bian)界布設(she)密(mi)集(ji)炮孔，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)不耦(ou)合(he)裝藥或裝填低威(wei)力炸藥，在(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的以(yi)形成平(ping)整(zheng)的開挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)的發展是(shi)先出現光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，然后(hou)(hou)衍生發展為(wei)預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國(guo)內歷(li)史與(yu)現狀(zhuang)，我國(guo)于1964～1965年在(zai)湖北陸水水電站(zhan)施工(gong)(gong)中做過淺孔預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)試驗(yan)，1965年鐵(tie)道部門在(zai)成昆(kun)鐵(tie)路建設(she)中開始試驗(yan)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年在(zai)西延(yan)線張家(jia)船(chuan)工(gong)(gong)點，全(quan)長(chang)近200m的2000m2路塹邊(bian)坡全(quan)部采(cai)用(yong)(yong)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后(hou)(hou)邊(bian)坡平(ping)整(zheng)穩定，殘留(liu)的半孔清晰(xi)可(ke)見，是(shi)鐵(tie)路建設(she)中采(cai)用(yong)(yong)路塹光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。