聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)破(po)碎(sui)(sui)法(fa)特點是(shi):不需要(yao)打眼(yan),因而(er)不需要(yao)購買打眼(yan)設備(bei)和(he)動(dong)力設備(bei);施工(gong)簡單,施工(gong)進度比(bi)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)法(fa)快(kuai)安全性(xing)比(bi)普通(tong)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)法(fa)和(he)普通(tong)裸露藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞動(dong)強度比(bi)淺(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)法(fa)低。制(zhi)造(zao)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)所采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)有:黑索金和(he)梯恩梯混合熔鑄(zhu)型(xing)(xing);乳化(hua)油(you)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)和(he)黑索金混裝(zhuang)(zhuang)型(xing)(xing)和(he)二號巖石硝鉸炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)壓制(zhi)型(xing)(xing)。根據使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)證(zheng)明,選用密度較大和(he)爆(bao)速(su)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造(zao)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)獲得較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)碎(sui)(sui)效(xiao)果(guo)。這主要(yao)是(shi)由(you)于(yu)它加工(gong)簡單和(he)破(po)碎(sui)(sui)能(neng)(neng)力較大。在(zai)(zai)(zai)礦山由(you)于(yu)二次破(po)碎(sui)(sui)消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)較多,而(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)費工(gong)又費材料,所以多不采(cai)用藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)(xing)罩。國內生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)用于(yu)破(po)碎(sui)(sui)大塊的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao),裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)時(shi),要(yao)將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)垂直裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大塊的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂面上,聚能(neng)(neng)穴(xue)朝下。藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)位(wei)置(zhi)應選在(zai)(zai)(zai)頂面的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾何中心或附近較平整的(de)(de)(de)(de)地點。然后在(zai)(zai)(zai)上面覆蓋泥(ni)沙(sha)。
專用深孔爆破多向聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管,根據炮眼深度可長可短。南通深孔爆破多向聚能管是兩個(ge)相似半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng),半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)中央有個(ge)凹進去的(de)(de)槽叫做'聚(ju)能(neng)槽",使用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)型效(xiao)果(guo)好(hao),開(kai)挖(wa)輪(lun)廓線平順整齊,圍巖擾動減(jian)(jian)少、超欠挖(wa)明顯改善,有利于支護工(gong)(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong)(gong),同(tong)時(shi)混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)本大為降低(di)。鑿孔率(lv)減(jian)(jian)少30%,大大降低(di)了(le)爆(bao)破作業工(gong)(gong)(gong)班的(de)(de)勞動量(liang):鉆孔縮短30分鐘、少打眼(yan)、出渣量(liang)減(jian)(jian)少,降低(di)了(le)材料成(cheng)(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)消耗、勞動效(xiao)率(lv)明顯提(ti)高(gao),周(zhou)邊眼(yan)爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)本降低(di)30%以上,半(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率(lv)高(gao)達(da)85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)主要(yao)應(ying)用(yong)于隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要(yao)進行(xing)光面(mian)爆(bao)破施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程。采(cai)用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)光面(mian)爆(bao)破可減(jian)(jian)少鉆孔,擴大孔距,減(jian)(jian)少導爆(bao)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)量(liang),減(jian)(jian)少超挖(wa),減(jian)(jian)少噴漿(jiang),提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)孔率(lv),既節省了(le)成(cheng)(cheng)本又提(ti)高(gao)了(le)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)。
在(zai)鐵路(lu)、礦山(shan)(shan)(shan)、水庫等大型工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong),爆(bao)破(po)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用很(hen)關鍵很(hen)重(zhong)要。采(cai)礦修(xiu)(xiu)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)挖(wa)隧(sui)道,城市對舊(jiu)建(jian)筑物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)拆(chai)除,都會(hui)用到爆(bao)破(po)技術。隨(sui)著經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)增多,爆(bao)破(po)引(yin)起(qi)了人們(men)更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注。爆(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管作(zuo)為一種科學技術,應(ying)用很(hen)廣(guang),但(dan)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用無疑是重(zhong)要、常見的(de)(de)(de)(de),采(cai)礦開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)(shan),修(xiu)(xiu)鐵路(lu)、公路(lu)用鉆爆(bao)法(fa)來(lai)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)掘隧(sui)道,水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上也用一些,城市里(li)面也使用了,拆(chai)除樓房。利(li)用炸爆(bao)炸產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨(ju)大能(neng)(neng)量破(po)壞某種物(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)結構,這種"破(po)壞"效果不是其他方法(fa)能(neng)(neng)代替的(de)(de)(de)(de),它雖(sui)然(ran)不是獨立(li)完成一個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),但(dan)卻(que)是一個(ge)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)序,特別是石(shi)方開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa)、礦山(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)采(cai)等工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)缺(que)少了這個(ge)工(gong)(gong)序還不行(xing)。中(zhong)國目前有發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵路(lu)和公路(lu)交通網,可以(yi)想(xiang)象,當初在(zai)修(xiu)(xiu)這些路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候會(hui)遇到許多高山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻(jun)嶺,一座(zuo)大山(shan)(shan)(shan)橫在(zai)兩地之間,想(xiang)要修(xiu)(xiu)路(lu),就(jiu)必須讓(rang)這座(zuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)消失(shi),這個(ge)時候聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)破(po)就(jiu)起(qi)到決定性作(zuo)用了。
我國20世紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)利用(yong)斷裂(lie)力學(xue)對巖(yan)石損(sun)傷引起的(de)(de)裂(lie)紋擴展進行(xing)過試(shi)驗研究,為聚能(neng)(neng)爆(bao)破(po)技術(shu)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)到工(gong)程(cheng)做(zuo)了不(bu)少理論分析,也取(qu)得(de)一些進展。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)中期開始(shi)進行(xing)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)研究,以北(bei)京(jing)礦業學(xue)院為代(dai)表,著重研究了聚能(neng)(neng)藥包切割(ge)饑(ji)理和應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)淮南(nan)礦業學(xue)院取(qu)得(de)“雙面切割(ge)器”的(de)(de)zhuanli,1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)又(you)取(qu)得(de)“大理石花崗巖(yan)切割(ge)技術(shu)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)”zhuanli。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)中國水電七(qi)局曾(ceng)試(shi)圖采用(yong)硬質紙(zhi)加工(gong)聚能(neng)(neng)藥管成形聚能(neng)(neng)藥卷做(zuo)過聚能(neng)(neng)預裂(lie)爆(bao)破(po)試(shi)驗研究,但終因(yin)當時的(de)(de)技術(shu)及工(gong)藝水平的(de)(de)限制(zhi)(zhi)無法用(yong)于正(zheng)常施工(gong),但是(shi)他(ta)們開了橢圓雙極線性聚能(neng)(neng)結(jie)構(gou)試(shi)驗的(de)(de)先河。雙聚能(neng)(neng)預裂(lie)與光面爆(bao)破(po)綜合技術(shu)開創(chuang)輪廓控制(zhi)(zhi)爆(bao)破(po)新時代(dai)。