施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝嚴格(ge)遵(zun)循六字(zi)方針(掛滿(man)(man)、貼緊、對準(zhun))：(1)要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)質量(liang),炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)必須(xu)按(an)技(ji)術要(yao)求合理布置(zhi)(zhi)。(2)要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其他眼(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)質量(liang),一定(ding)要(yao)在規定(ding)位置(zhi)(zhi)上打眼(yan)(yan);二要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝藥(yao)時,要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)乳化炸藥(yao)在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)中空(kong)(kong)內(nei)壁(bi)中填(tian)充(chong)飽滿(man)(man)不得有空(kong)(kong)隙出現時以(yi)產生拒(ju)爆(bao)。(4)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)在炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)中裝填(tian)時,要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)兩(liang)條聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽指向巷道輪(lun)廓(kuo)線方向并且各(ge)個(ge)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽軸線方面要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)相互連接在隧(sui)道輪(lun)廓(kuo)線上。否則(ze)成型效果不僅不好(hao),反(fan)而更差。(5)保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)堵塞質量(liang)。(6)放炮(pao)員應提前按(an)規定(ding)裝好(hao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)炸藥(yao),并做好(hao)準(zhun)備工(gong)(gong)作。試用(yong)范圍(wei):一級至五級圍(wei)巖的(de)光面爆(bao)破工(gong)(gong)程。

各(ge)(ge)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)器材(cai)銷(xiao)毀以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)器材(cai)意外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)時，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)源與人員(yuan)和其他保(bao)護對象之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)應取各(ge)(ge)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)效應（地震(zhen)(zhen)、沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波、飛(fei)(fei)石、有(you)毒氣體等）分(fen)別核(he)定(ding)的(de)(de)大值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時，必然(ran)產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地震(zhen)(zhen)、空氣沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波、碎石飛(fei)(fei)散及(ji)有(you)害(hai)氣體，因此(ci)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設計時必須(xu)確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)危(wei)害(hai)范圍，并(bing)確定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附(fu)近人員(yuan)、設備、建(jian)筑物及(ji)井巷等的(de)(de)安全(quan)，這一段距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就(jiu)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。如何控制好這段距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)就(jiu)顯的(de)(de)尤為(wei)重要。為(wei)保(bao)證爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安全(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地點與人員(yuan)或其他應保(bao)護對象之(zhi)間(jian)必須(xu)保(bao)持(chi)短(duan)的(de)(de)相(xiang)隔長度(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)害(hai)效應隨距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)的(de)(de)增(zeng)加(jia)有(you)規(gui)律地衰減，用距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)作為(wei)安全(quan)尺度(du)可(ke)限定(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)有(you)害(hai)效應在允許(xu)限度(du)之(zhi)內。中(zhong)國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)安全(quan)規(gui)程》規(gui)定(ding)了(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)地震(zhen)(zhen)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，個別飛(fei)(fei)散物安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)，以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波的(de)(de)安全(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)。

我國20世紀(ji)60年(nian)(nian)代利用斷(duan)裂力學(xue)(xue)對巖(yan)石(shi)損傷(shang)引起的裂紋(wen)擴展(zhan)進(jin)(jin)行過試(shi)驗(yan)研究(jiu)(jiu)，為(wei)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)爆破(po)技(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用到(dao)工(gong)程做了不(bu)少理論分(fen)析，也取得(de)(de)一些進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)。80年(nian)(nian)代中期(qi)開始進(jin)(jin)行應(ying)用研究(jiu)(jiu)，以北(bei)京礦業學(xue)(xue)院為(wei)代表，著重研究(jiu)(jiu)了聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥包切(qie)割饑(ji)理和(he)應(ying)用。1987年(nian)(nian)淮南礦業學(xue)(xue)院取得(de)(de)“雙面切(qie)割器”的zhuanli，1995年(nian)(nian)又取得(de)(de)“大理石(shi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)切(qie)割技(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用”zhuanli。1991年(nian)(nian)中國水(shui)電七(qi)局(ju)曾試(shi)圖采用硬質(zhi)紙加(jia)工(gong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管成形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥卷做過聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)預(yu)裂爆破(po)試(shi)驗(yan)研究(jiu)(jiu)，但(dan)終因當時(shi)(shi)的技(ji)術(shu)及工(gong)藝水(shui)平的限制無法用于(yu)正常施(shi)工(gong)，但(dan)是他(ta)們開了橢圓雙極(ji)線(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)結(jie)構試(shi)驗(yan)的先河。雙聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)預(yu)裂與(yu)光(guang)面爆破(po)綜合技(ji)術(shu)開創輪廓控制爆破(po)新時(shi)(shi)代。

專用o型聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。o型聚能管價格型(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)材(cai)料必(bi)須滿足(zu)四點(dian)要(yao)求，即可壓縮(suo)性(xing)(xing)小、密度高、塑性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)延展性(xing)(xing)好，在形(xing)(xing)成射流中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不汽(qi)化(hua)。大(da)量試驗(yan)證(zheng)明，用(yong)紫(zi)銅(tong)制(zhi)作型(xing)(xing)罩效果好，其(qi)次為鑄鐵、鋼和(he)(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣，主要(yao)有軸對(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，如圓錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)喇(la)叭形(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)有用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割屬(shu)板材(cai)的(de)(de)直線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割管材(cai)的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)罩兩(liang)種；中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心對(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，這種球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心有球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩，球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩外(wai)敷設炸(zha)，若能(neng)在瞬間同時起爆，可在空腔中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心點(dian)獲得(de)極大(da)的(de)(de)能(neng)量集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在工程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)是軸對(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)面對(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)罩。