聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)法(fa)(fa)特(te)點是:不(bu)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)打眼(yan),因而(er)不(bu)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)購(gou)買打眼(yan)設備和(he)(he)動力設備;施工簡單,施工進度比淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)快(kuai)安(an)全性比普通(tong)淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)普通(tong)裸露藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)法(fa)(fa)好(hao);勞(lao)動強(qiang)度比淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)低。制造聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)所采用的(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)有(you):黑索金和(he)(he)梯(ti)恩梯(ti)混(hun)合(he)熔鑄型(xing);乳化油炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)黑索金混(hun)裝(zhuang)型(xing)和(he)(he)二號巖(yan)石硝鉸炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)壓制型(xing)。根據使用的(de)(de)結果(guo)證明,選用密(mi)度較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)和(he)(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)(yao)制造聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲(huo)得較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)效果(guo)。這主(zhu)要(yao)是由(you)于(yu)(yu)它(ta)加工簡單和(he)(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)。在礦山由(you)于(yu)(yu)二次(ci)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)消耗的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)較(jiao)(jiao)多,而(er)且金屬藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩的(de)(de)加工費工又費材料,所以多不(bu)采用藥(yao)(yao)型(xing)罩。國內生產的(de)(de)一種用于(yu)(yu)破(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)大(da)塊的(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao),裝(zhuang)置聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)時(shi),要(yao)將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)垂直裝(zhuang)在大(da)塊的(de)(de)頂面上,聚能(neng)(neng)(neng)穴(xue)朝下。藥(yao)(yao)包(bao)位置應選在頂面的(de)(de)幾何中心或附近較(jiao)(jiao)平整的(de)(de)地點。然后(hou)在上面覆蓋泥(ni)沙。
施(shi)工因其(qi)復雜性(xing)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)性(xing)、危險性(xing),稍有不(bu)(bu)慎,將對人民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命財產(chan)安(an)全(quan)造(zao)成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)可估(gu)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)失,例如廣東(dong)宏大寧夏(xia)“10.16”、山東(dong)保利“5.20”等(deng)重大安(an)全(quan)事故。因此(ci),相較其(qi)他行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye),國家出臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)多、專(zhuan)(zhuan)、嚴,從爆(bao)破材料(炸藥(yao)、雷管(guan)、導爆(bao)索?管(guan)?及相關材料)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、購(gou)進、運(yun)輸、儲存、發(fa)放、布網、連接、起(qi)爆(bao)、排爆(bao)等(deng)一系列程(cheng)序均(jun)有嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)律規(gui)定和(he)科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作規(gui)程(cheng),并且(qie)相關從業(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)位和(he)人員均(jun)應取得相應資質(zhi)。做為各(ge)類爆(bao)破中不(bu)(bu)可或缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種導線(xian)(xian)(xian),特(te)別(bie)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于(yu)一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan),其(qi)質(zhi)量要求(qiu)及各(ge)項技術參數也與普通電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。部分家庭作坊式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)廠無科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝(yi)、無基(ji)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測設(she)備、無專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術人員,甚(shen)至不(bu)(bu)知道(dao)爆(bao)破線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量要求(qiu)和(he)技術參數,更不(bu)(bu)可能制訂自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)標準,僅憑簡陋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備、以(yi)粗(cu)糙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模仿(fang)進行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營活(huo)動(dong),致(zhi)(zhi)使市場(chang)充斥(chi)著(zhu)假冒偽劣產(chan)品(pin),導致(zhi)(zhi)爆(bao)破中提前或延遲(chi)起(qi)爆(bao)、盲(mang)炮增加且(qie)強(qiang)制排爆(bao)困難,給(gei)人身安(an)全(quan)和(he)財產(chan)以(yi)及正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營活(huo)動(dong)造(zao)成(cheng)了不(bu)(bu)可估(gu)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)失。
使(shi)用(yong)(yong)單位或經(jing)銷(xiao)商在日常采購(gou)(gou)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)搜(sou)索引(yin)擎搜(sou)索生(sheng)產(chan)廠商并購(gou)(gou)買產(chan)品(pin)已經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)很多(duo)企業(ye)和(he)經(jing)銷(xiao)商的(de)主要(yao)采購(gou)(gou)手段。根據我(wo)們從事網絡(luo)營銷(xiao)的(de)經(jing)歷,總(zong)結出(chu)以(yi)下幾點(dian)注意事項,希望能對(dui)(dui)采購(gou)(gou)的(de)企業(ye)起到一些幫助作用(yong)(yong)。1、采購(gou)(gou)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)型號(hao)(hao)規格、質量標準、技術參數應與采購(gou)(gou)計(ji)劃相符。2、采購(gou)(gou)產(chan)品(pin)時,就是(shi)通過(guo)搜(sou)索引(yin)擎搜(sou)索自己需求的(de)產(chan)品(pin),找出(chu)生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)銷(xiao)售(shou)該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)企業(ye),然后查(cha)看該(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)網站是(shi)否經(jing)過(guo)其所(suo)在省份工信(xin)廳備(bei)案,并登錄查(cha)驗。3、查(cha)看該(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)網站欄目(mu)配置、欄目(mu)內容是(shi)否足(zu)夠專業(ye),如大(da)量出(chu)現與采購(gou)(gou)產(chan)品(pin)無關、雜(za)亂無章的(de),聯系地(di)址標明xxx工業(ye)區(qu)、示范園而沒有(you)(you)路牌號(hao)(hao)的(de),只有(you)(you)手機號(hao)(hao)碼(ma)而沒有(you)(you)固定(ding)電話、傳(chuan)真地(di)的(de),足(zu)可認(ren)定(ding)該(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)為(wei)非正規的(de)家庭(ting)作坊,不宜作為(wei)采購(gou)(gou)對(dui)(dui)象(xiang)。
我國20世(shi)紀60年代(dai)利用斷裂力學對巖石損傷引(yin)起的(de)裂紋擴展進(jin)行(xing)過試(shi)驗研究,為聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)爆(bao)破技術(shu)應用到工(gong)(gong)程做了(le)不少(shao)理論分析,也取(qu)得(de)一些進(jin)展。80年代(dai)中期開始進(jin)行(xing)應用研究,以北(bei)京礦業學院為代(dai)表,著重研究了(le)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥包切(qie)割(ge)饑理和應用。1987年淮南礦業學院取(qu)得(de)“雙面切(qie)割(ge)器(qi)”的(de)zhuanli,1995年又取(qu)得(de)“大理石花崗巖切(qie)割(ge)技術(shu)應用”zhuanli。1991年中國水電七局曾試(shi)圖采(cai)用硬質紙加工(gong)(gong)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管成形聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥卷做過聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)預裂爆(bao)破試(shi)驗研究,但(dan)終因當時的(de)技術(shu)及工(gong)(gong)藝水平的(de)限制(zhi)無(wu)法用于正(zheng)常施工(gong)(gong),但(dan)是他們開了(le)橢圓雙極線(xian)性聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)結構試(shi)驗的(de)先河。雙聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)預裂與光面爆(bao)破綜合(he)技術(shu)開創(chuang)輪廓控制(zhi)爆(bao)破新(xin)時代(dai)。
專業多向聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管,根據炮眼深度可長可短。六安多向聚能管是兩個相似半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)中(zhong)央有個凹進(jin)去(qu)的槽叫做'聚能(neng)槽",使用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型效果好,開挖(wa)輪廓線(xian)平順整(zheng)齊(qi),圍巖擾動(dong)(dong)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠挖(wa)明顯(xian)改善,有利于支護工(gong)(gong)(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),同(tong)時混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)大為降(jiang)低(di)。鑿(zao)孔率(lv)(lv)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)30%,大大降(jiang)低(di)了爆(bao)破作業工(gong)(gong)(gong)班的勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)量:鉆孔縮(suo)短30分鐘(zhong)、少(shao)(shao)(shao)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)、出(chu)渣(zha)量減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao),降(jiang)低(di)了材料成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)效率(lv)(lv)明顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao),周邊眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)低(di)30%以上,半(ban)眼(yan)(yan)痕保留率(lv)(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破聚能(neng)管(guan)主要應用(yong)(yong)于隧(sui)道(dao)、煤(mei)礦(kuang)、鐵礦(kuang)等需要進(jin)行光面(mian)爆(bao)破施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)程。采用(yong)(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)的光面(mian)爆(bao)破可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)鉆孔,擴(kuo)大孔距,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用(yong)(yong)量,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖(wa),減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)噴(pen)漿,提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)孔率(lv)(lv),既節省了成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)又提(ti)高(gao)了施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效率(lv)(lv)。
水壓光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較水壓光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po),在(zai)周(zhou)(zhou)邊眼(yan)單循環(huan)火工(gong)品使用(yong)(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)8.3%,周(zhou)(zhou)邊眼(yan)鉆孔(kong)數(shu)量(liang)從39個(ge)下降為23個(ge)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約41%,混凝土噴射(she)每(mei)延米節(jie)約1.37立方(fang)米。水壓光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比(bi)水壓光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每(mei)循環(huan)節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)258.4元,即每(mei)延米節(jie)約76較元,節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)比(bi)例達32%。此外(wai),聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)水壓光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低隧道內(nei)石渣塊度和粉塵含量(liang),還可使通風時(shi)間有(you)效(xiao)縮短(duan)33%。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)藝(yi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)很(hen)成(cheng)熟(shu)、可操作性(xing)很(hen)強、材料成(cheng)本很(hen)低、施工(gong)速度很(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)效(xiao)果(guo)很(hen)顯(xian)著、經濟效(xiao)益社會效(xiao)益很(hen)高(gao)。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是近幾(ji)年發展起(qi)來的一項掘(jue)進新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu),這種爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)與傳統(tong)的光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)有(you)一定(ding)的差(cha)別,聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向(xiang)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理是在(zai)巷道周(zhou)(zhou)邊眼(yan)中,將炸(zha)裝在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)中起(qi)爆(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時(shi)利用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)作用(yong)(yong),以減少裂(lie)隙(xi)的數(shu)量(liang)和控(kong)制優勢裂(lie)隙(xi)的發展方(fang)向(xiang)。