一、查驗生產企業資質：1、經過歷年年審的法人營業執照：一般情況下，個體工商戶、個人獨資企業注冊資金低于人民幣五十萬元的即可認定為家庭作坊式廠家。2、多向聚能管公司具備一般納稅人資格的稅務登記證：企業產品年度銷售額達到或超過一定金額（以稅務發票開具數額為準）并經主管稅務機關核準、具備獨立的開票場所、專職會計及相應的辦稅機具才能升級為一般納稅人企業。3、經過歷年年審的組織機構代碼證：組織機構代碼證是中華人民共和國境內始終不變的法定代碼標識，未經年度審驗的，可視為非法機構。4、國家強制性產品認證證書：一般情況下，所有的電線電纜生產企業只要生產國家強制性產品認證范圍內產品的必須通過國家強制性產品認證（CCC）。專業多向聚能管依基本(ben)(ben)常識判斷，既然單(dan)位名稱為“xxx電(dian)(dian)線(xian)廠(chang)”“xxx線(xian)纜(lan)廠(chang)”，其產(chan)品未通過(guo)或(huo)從(cong)未通過(guo)國(guo)家(jia)強制(zhi)性產(chan)品認(ren)證，證明(ming)其硬件、軟件設(she)施及人員配備根本(ben)(ben)達不到一(yi)個合格的(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)生產(chan)廠(chang)家(jia)應具(ju)備的(de)條(tiao)件。5、國(guo)際(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量體系認(ren)證證書：ISO國(guo)際(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量體系認(ren)證是一(yi)個企業整體素質(zhi)、產(chan)品質(zhi)量管(guan)理水(shui)平以及服(fu)務水(shui)平的(de)標志。6、開戶許(xu)可(ke)證。

預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)與光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術的(de)歷(li)(li)史與現(xian)狀：預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿設(she)計(ji)開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布置(zhi)密集炮孔(kong)，采(cai)取不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)(zhuang)藥(yao)或裝(zhuang)(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)之前起爆(bao)(bao)，從而(er)在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)與保留(liu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)之間形成預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)縫(feng)，以(yi)減弱主爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)對保留(liu)巖體的(de)破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞并形成平整輪(lun)廓(kuo)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)。光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿設(she)計(ji)開(kai)挖(wa)邊界(jie)布設(she)密集炮孔(kong)，采(cai)用不(bu)耦合裝(zhuang)(zhuang)藥(yao)或裝(zhuang)(zhuang)填(tian)低威力炸藥(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)之后起爆(bao)(bao)的(de)以(yi)形成平整的(de)開(kai)挖(wa)輪(lun)廓(kuo)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是先出現(xian)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，然(ran)后衍生發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)為預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能管國內歷(li)(li)史與現(xian)狀，我國于1964～1965年(nian)在(zai)湖北陸水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)施工中(zhong)做過淺孔(kong)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)試驗(yan)，1965年(nian)鐵道部門在(zai)成昆(kun)鐵路建設(she)中(zhong)開(kai)始試驗(yan)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年(nian)在(zai)西延線張(zhang)家船工點(dian)，全長(chang)近200m的(de)2000m2路塹邊坡全部采(cai)用光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后邊坡平整穩定，殘留(liu)的(de)半(ban)孔(kong)清晰可(ke)見，是鐵路建設(she)中(zhong)采(cai)用路塹光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、隔板(ban)、殼體、引信和支(zhi)架(jia)等部分(fen)組成，其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)及對(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)威力(li)的(de)(de)影響分(fen)述如下。1．炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)是(shi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓越(yue)大(da)，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)彈威力(li)越(yue)大(da)；為得到高(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)壓，需高(gao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)速、高(gao)密度(du)的(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)。常用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)有梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)(zha)(zha)等，裝方法有熔鑄(zhu)，塑(su)裝和壓裝多(duo)種(zhong)。2．型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)把炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)化成罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)體材料的(de)(de)射(she)流動能(neng)(neng)，從(cong)而提高(gao)其(qi)穿(chuan)透和切割能(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)材料必須滿足四(si)點要求(qiu)，即可(ke)壓縮性(xing)小、密度(du)高(gao)、塑(su)性(xing)和延展性(xing)好，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射(she)流中不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試(shi)驗證明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)效果好，其(qi)次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和陶瓷。型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)樣，主要有軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，常見的(de)(de)有用(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割屬(shu)板(ban)材的(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和用(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割管材的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)兩(liang)種(zhong)；中心對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)，這種(zhong)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中心有球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)外(wai)敷(fu)設炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在瞬間同(tong)時起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，可(ke)在空腔中心點獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中。在工程中常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)和面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)。

在(zai)工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，常(chang)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)火(huo)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳(fang)法(fa)。它(ta)所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)線和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)(de)連接形式，要根據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模(mo)、工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要性、所選(xuan)(xuan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其(qi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力等(deng)進行選(xuan)(xuan)擇，基本連接方(fang)(fang)式有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：串聯、并聯、串并聯和(he)并串聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準確、高(gao)效(xiao)等(deng)優點(dian)，在(zai)國內(nei)外仍(reng)占有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大(da)比重。在(zai)大(da)、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，主(zhu)要仍(reng)是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)干擾而發(fa)生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)中，不能(neng)使(shi)(shi)用普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)法(fa)特點是:不(bu)需要打(da)眼，因而(er)(er)不(bu)需要購買打(da)眼設備(bei)和(he)(he)(he)動力設備(bei);施(shi)工(gong)簡(jian)單(dan)，施(shi)工(gong)進度比(bi)淺眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)快安全性(xing)比(bi)普通淺眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)和(he)(he)(he)普通裸露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)法(fa)好(hao);勞動強度比(bi)淺眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)法(fa)低(di)。制(zhi)造(zao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)所采用(yong)的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you):黑(hei)索金(jin)和(he)(he)(he)梯恩梯混(hun)合熔鑄型;乳化油炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)(he)黑(hei)索金(jin)混(hun)裝型和(he)(he)(he)二號巖石硝鉸炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制(zhi)型。根據使用(yong)的(de)結果證明，選用(yong)密度較(jiao)大和(he)(he)(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)高的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造(zao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)能(neng)(neng)獲(huo)得較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)效(xiao)果。這主要是由于它加工(gong)簡(jian)單(dan)和(he)(he)(he)破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)能(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)大。在礦山由于二次破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)消耗的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)較(jiao)多，而(er)(er)且金(jin)屬(shu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩的(de)加工(gong)費(fei)工(gong)又費(fei)材料，所以多不(bu)采用(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩。國內生產的(de)一(yi)種用(yong)于破(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)大塊(kuai)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)，裝置(zhi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)時(shi)，要將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)垂直裝在大塊(kuai)的(de)頂面(mian)上，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)穴(xue)朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)位置(zhi)應(ying)選在頂面(mian)的(de)幾何中心或附(fu)近較(jiao)平整的(de)地(di)點。然后在上面(mian)覆蓋(gai)泥沙。

是由管(guan)體(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽、后定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵構成(cheng)，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)為塑(su)性材料制成(cheng)，呈(cheng)管(guan)狀，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)常炮(pao)眼(yan)內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)，長度(du)可隨爆破需(xu)要生(sheng)產，管(guan)體(ti)(ti)兩端各有(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋，兩端外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋間(jian)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向切縫(feng)，切縫(feng)間(jian)等(deng)距有(you)(you)加強(qiang)筋，前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽呈(cheng)傘狀，傘形尖有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)光孔，兩側直壁內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)紋，與(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)端螺(luo)紋配合(he)，帽體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵為一(yi)(yi)封蓋(gai)，外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，后定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)紋，與(yu)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)后端螺(luo)紋配合(he)。可根據炮(pao)眼(yan)深度(du)采用合(he)適的聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其(qi)他工具幫助送(song)入炮(pao)眼(yan)，切縫(feng)方向準(zhun)確，兩端的前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽和(he)后定(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼(yan)內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，保證(zheng)聚能管(guan)管(guan)體(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定(ding)向準(zhun)確。且(qie)利于(yu)(yu)工業(ye)化生(sheng)產，作業(ye)安(an)全(quan)