施工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)嚴格(ge)遵(zun)循六字方針(掛滿、貼緊、對準(zhun))：(1)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量(liang)(liang),炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按(an)技術要(yao)(yao)求合理布置。(2)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及(ji)其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量(liang)(liang),一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)在(zai)規定位置上(shang)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)藥時,要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證乳(ru)化(hua)炸藥在(zai)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)中(zhong)空內壁中(zhong)填(tian)充飽滿不(bu)(bu)得有空隙出現時以(yi)產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)填(tian)時,要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)兩條(tiao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指(zhi)向巷道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)方向并(bing)且各(ge)個炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸線(xian)方面要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證相(xiang)互(hu)連(lian)接在(zai)隧道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)上(shang)。否則成型效果(guo)不(bu)(bu)僅不(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao),反而更(geng)差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質量(liang)(liang)。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)員應提前按(an)規定裝(zhuang)(zhuang)好(hao)(hao)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)炸藥,并(bing)做好(hao)(hao)準(zhun)備工(gong)作。試用范圍:一(yi)級至(zhi)五(wu)級圍巖的(de)(de)光面爆破工(gong)程。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、隔板(ban)、殼體(ti)、引信(xin)和(he)(he)支架等部分組成，其作(zuo)用(yong)及對(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包威(wei)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響分述如下(xia)。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆破的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆壓越(yue)大(da)，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力越(yue)大(da)；為得到高(gao)(gao)爆壓，需(xu)高(gao)(gao)爆速(su)、高(gao)(gao)密度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常用(yong)炸(zha)有(you)梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)等，裝(zhuang)方法有(you)熔鑄(zhu)，塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓裝(zhuang)多(duo)種。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)體(ti)材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)射流動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，從(cong)而提高(gao)(gao)其穿透和(he)(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)必(bi)須滿足四點要求，即可壓縮(suo)性(xing)小(xiao)、密度(du)高(gao)(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)延(yan)展性(xing)好(hao)，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流中不汽化。大(da)量試(shi)驗(yan)證明(ming)，用(yong)紫銅(tong)制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)效果好(hao)，其次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼(gang)和(he)(he)陶(tao)瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)多(duo)種多(duo)樣，主要有(you)軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)喇(la)叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)切割(ge)屬板(ban)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)切割(ge)管(guan)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)兩種；中心對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這(zhe)種球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包，中心有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)外敷設炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)瞬間同時起(qi)爆，可在(zai)空腔中心點獲(huo)得極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量集中。在(zai)工程(cheng)中常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)。

是由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵構(gou)成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)為塑性材料制(zhi)成(cheng)，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)炮(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，長(chang)度可(ke)隨爆破需要生(sheng)產，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)兩(liang)端(duan)各(ge)有(you)外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間有(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向切(qie)縫(feng)，切(qie)縫(feng)間等距(ju)有(you)加強(qiang)筋，前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)呈傘狀，傘形(xing)尖有(you)一(yi)(yi)光(guang)孔，兩(liang)側直壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)，帽(mao)(mao)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵為一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)，與前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)后(hou)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)。可(ke)根(gen)據炮(pao)眼深度采(cai)用(yong)合(he)適的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，不需其他工(gong)具幫助送入炮(pao)眼，切(qie)縫(feng)方(fang)向準確，兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)錐形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)堵外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)與炮(pao)眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，保證聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)同心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)向準確。且利于(yu)(yu)工(gong)業化生(sheng)產，作業安(an)全

水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)在隧道(dao)掘進(jin)(jin)作(zuo)業中的(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)。提(ti)升光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破水(shui)平、嚴抓隧道(dao)超挖管(guan)控(kong)進(jin)(jin)行了介(jie)紹。聚能水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破工(gong)藝技(ji)術(shu)很(hen)(hen)成(cheng)熟、可操作(zuo)性很(hen)(hen)強(qiang)、材料(liao)成(cheng)本(ben)很(hen)(hen)低、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)速(su)度很(hen)(hen)快、節能環保效(xiao)果很(hen)(hen)顯(xian)著、經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)社會效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)很(hen)(hen)高。一(yi)(yi)是要(yao)(yao)提(ti)高對(dui)推廣(guang)該項技(ji)術(shu)重要(yao)(yao)性和必然性的(de)(de)認識(shi);二是要(yao)(yao)樹立(li)必須采取聚能水(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破的(de)(de)意識(shi);三是要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)培(pei)訓、示范(fan)、監(jian)督(du)“三位一(yi)(yi)體”;四(si)是要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)定切實(shi)的(de)(de)獎(jiang)懲(cheng)制(zhi)(zhi)度;五是要(yao)(yao)建立(li)檢查監(jian)督(du)機制(zhi)(zhi)，持(chi)續促進(jin)(jin)該項技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)深入推廣(guang)。在隧道(dao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)現場管(guan)理(li)、科(ke)技(ji)創新(xin)、人才培(pei)養、經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)等方面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)不足。建議對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)一(yi)(yi)線基礎(chu)技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)作(zuo)扎實(shi)推進(jin)(jin);對(dui)新(xin)工(gong)藝、先進(jin)(jin)工(gong)法要(yao)(yao)深入學習鉆研;對(dui)消(xiao)極懈(xie)怠(dai)、故步自封的(de)(de)思(si)想要(yao)(yao)堅決抵制(zhi)(zhi)。

雙向爆破聚能管價格施工因其復雜性、專業性、危險性，稍有不慎，將對人民的生命財產安全造成不可估量的損失，例如廣東宏大寧夏“10.16”、山東保利“5.20”等重大安全事故。因此，相較其他行業，國家出臺的相關法律法規多、專、嚴，從爆破材料（炸藥、雷管、導爆索?管?及相關材料）的生產、購進、運輸、儲存、發放、布網、連接、起爆、排爆等一系列程序均有嚴格的法律規定和科學的操作規程，并且相關從業單位和人員均應取得相應資質。紹興雙向爆破聚能管做為各類爆(bao)破中不(bu)可(ke)或缺的(de)一種導線，特別(bie)不(bu)同于一般的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，其質量(liang)(liang)要(yao)求及(ji)各項技(ji)術(shu)參數(shu)也與普通電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)不(bu)同。部分家(jia)庭(ting)作坊式的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)廠(chang)無科(ke)學的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)藝、無基本的(de)檢(jian)測設備(bei)(bei)、無專業(ye)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)人員，甚至不(bu)知(zhi)道爆(bao)破線的(de)質量(liang)(liang)要(yao)求和技(ji)術(shu)參數(shu)，更(geng)不(bu)可(ke)能制訂自己的(de)企(qi)業(ye)標準(zhun)，僅憑簡陋的(de)設備(bei)(bei)、以(yi)粗糙(cao)的(de)模仿進行生(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)活動(dong)，致(zhi)使市場充斥著假冒偽劣產品，導致(zhi)爆(bao)破中提前或延遲起爆(bao)、盲炮增加且強制排(pai)爆(bao)困難，給人身安全和財(cai)產以(yi)及(ji)正常的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)活動(dong)造成(cheng)了不(bu)可(ke)估(gu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)損(sun)失。