聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)碎法特點是(shi):不(bu)需要(yao)(yao)打眼(yan)(yan)，因而(er)不(bu)需要(yao)(yao)購(gou)買打眼(yan)(yan)設備(bei)和(he)(he)動力設備(bei);施工簡單(dan)，施工進度(du)比淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法快安全性比普(pu)通淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法和(he)(he)普(pu)通裸露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)法好(hao);勞動強度(du)比淺(qian)眼(yan)(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法低(di)。制(zhi)造聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有:黑索金(jin)和(he)(he)梯恩(en)梯混合熔鑄型;乳化油炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)黑索金(jin)混裝(zhuang)型和(he)(he)二號巖石硝鉸炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制(zhi)型。根據使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)結果(guo)證明，選用(yong)(yong)密度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大和(he)(he)爆(bao)速較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)造聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)獲得較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)破(po)(po)碎效(xiao)果(guo)。這(zhe)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)由于(yu)它(ta)加工簡單(dan)和(he)(he)破(po)(po)碎能(neng)(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)(jiao)大。在(zai)礦山由于(yu)二次破(po)(po)碎消(xiao)耗的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)，而(er)且金(jin)屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩的(de)加工費工又費材料(liao)，所以(yi)多(duo)不(bu)采用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩。國內生產的(de)一種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)破(po)(po)碎大塊(kuai)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，裝(zhuang)置聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)時，要(yao)(yao)將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)垂直裝(zhuang)在(zai)大塊(kuai)的(de)頂面上(shang)，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)穴朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)位置應(ying)選在(zai)頂面的(de)幾何(he)中(zhong)心或附近較(jiao)(jiao)平整的(de)地(di)點。然后(hou)在(zai)上(shang)面覆蓋泥(ni)沙(sha)。

采(cai)用一種抗靜(jing)電(dian)阻燃的(de)特種塑料管(guan)(guan)(guan)、異形雙槽聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，根(gen)據炮眼(yan)深(shen)度可(ke)(ke)(ke)長可(ke)(ke)(ke)短(duan)。是兩個相似半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)組成，半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中央有(you)個凹(ao)進去的(de)槽叫做(zuo)'聚能(neng)(neng)槽"，使用聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)成型效(xiao)果好，開挖(wa)輪廓線平順(shun)整齊，圍巖擾動(dong)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少、超欠挖(wa)明(ming)顯改善(shan)，有(you)利(li)于(yu)支護工(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)，同時(shi)混凝土回填(tian)成本(ben)大為(wei)降低。鑿(zao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)率(lv)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少30%，大大降低了(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)作業工(gong)班的(de)勞動(dong)量:鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)縮短(duan)30分鐘、少打眼(yan)、出渣(zha)量減(jian)(jian)(jian)少，降低了(le)材料成本(ben)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)少工(gong)時(shi)消耗、勞動(dong)效(xiao)率(lv)明(ming)顯提高，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)成本(ben)降低30%以(yi)上，半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率(lv)高達(da)85%以(yi)上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)(po)聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)主要應用于(yu)隧道(dao)、煤(mei)礦、鐵礦等需(xu)要進行光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)。采(cai)用聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)可(ke)(ke)(ke)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，擴大孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)距，減(jian)(jian)(jian)少導(dao)爆(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)用量，減(jian)(jian)(jian)少超挖(wa)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)少噴漿(jiang)，提高半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)率(lv)，既節(jie)省了(le)成本(ben)又提高了(le)施(shi)工(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板、殼體、引信(xin)和支(zhi)架等部(bu)分(fen)組成，其(qi)作用(yong)及對(dui)(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)威力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)分(fen)述(shu)如下。1．炸(zha)，炸(zha)是(shi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya)越大，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)彈威力(li)越大；為得(de)到高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)壓(ya)，需(xu)高(gao)(gao)爆(bao)(bao)速、高(gao)(gao)密度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)炸(zha)有(you)(you)梯恩(en)梯、8321炸(zha)等，裝(zhuang)方法有(you)(you)熔鑄(zhu)，塑裝(zhuang)和壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多(duo)種。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)把(ba)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)(zhao)體材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)射流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)(gao)其(qi)穿(chuan)透和切(qie)割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿(man)足四(si)點要(yao)求，即可(ke)壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度(du)高(gao)(gao)、塑性(xing)和延展(zhan)性(xing)好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流中(zhong)不(bu)汽化。大量(liang)(liang)試驗(yan)證明，用(yong)紫銅制(zhi)作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好，其(qi)次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種多(duo)樣(yang)，主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋(pao)物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和喇(la)叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)用(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)屬板材的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和用(yong)于切(qie)割(ge)管(guan)材的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩種；中(zhong)心對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)，中(zhong)心有(you)(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔和球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外(wai)敷設炸(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在(zai)瞬(shun)間同時起爆(bao)(bao)，可(ke)在(zai)空腔中(zhong)心點獲得(de)極(ji)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)。在(zai)工程(cheng)中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和面對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。

在工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)有：電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導火索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)使雷管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)器材有：電(dian)雷管、導線和(he)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)源。電(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)連接形式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規(gui)模(mo)、工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)源及其起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)等(deng)進行選擇，基本(ben)連接方(fang)式有：串聯(lian)、并(bing)聯(lian)、串并(bing)聯(lian)和(he)并(bing)串聯(lian)等(deng)。電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具有較安全、可靠、準確、高效等(deng)優點，在國(guo)內外仍(reng)占有較大比重。在大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主要(yao)仍(reng)是(shi)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在有瓦(wa)斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)干擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有雜散電(dian)、靜電(dian)、雷電(dian)、射頻電(dian)、高壓感應電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，不能(neng)(neng)使用(yong)普通電(dian)雷管。

火索起爆法，導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有：導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專用爆破聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活，使用方便，成本較低，廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病，在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法，爆破聚能管廠家用導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)直接起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥包(bao)的(de)(de)方(fang)法叫(jiao)導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)法。先用雷管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)，當導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)轟波傳至炸(zha)藥包(bao)時，將炸(zha)藥引爆(bao)(bao)。在需要延(yan)時分(fen)段起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)地方(fang)，將導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)中接入繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)，就能(neng)達到導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)毫(hao)秒爆(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。這種爆(bao)(bao)破(po)法所需起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)材料有(you)：雷管(guan)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)和(he)繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)等。導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)網路常用的(de)(de)有(you)：串聯(lian)、簇并(bing)聯(lian)、單向分(fen)段并(bing)聯(lian)和(he)雙向分(fen)段并(bing)聯(lian)等。

在鐵路(lu)(lu)、礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)、水庫(ku)等(deng)大型工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)(ji)術的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)很(hen)關鍵很(hen)重(zhong)要。采礦(kuang)修(xiu)路(lu)(lu)的(de)開(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)挖隧(sui)道，城(cheng)市(shi)對(dui)舊建筑物(wu)的(de)拆除，都(dou)會用(yong)(yong)到爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)(ji)術。隨著經濟(ji)的(de)發展、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)的(de)增多(duo)，爆(bao)(bao)破引(yin)起了人(ren)們更多(duo)的(de)關注。爆(bao)(bao)破聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管作(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)種科學(xue)技(ji)(ji)術，應用(yong)(yong)很(hen)廣，但(dan)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上的(de)應用(yong)(yong)無疑是(shi)重(zhong)要、常見的(de)，采礦(kuang)開(kai)(kai)山(shan)(shan)，修(xiu)鐵路(lu)(lu)、公路(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)鉆爆(bao)(bao)法來開(kai)(kai)掘隧(sui)道，水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上也用(yong)(yong)一(yi)些，城(cheng)市(shi)里面也使用(yong)(yong)了，拆除樓房(fang)。利(li)用(yong)(yong)炸爆(bao)(bao)炸產生的(de)巨大能(neng)(neng)量破壞某種物(wu)體的(de)原結構，這種"破壞"效果不(bu)是(shi)其(qi)他方(fang)法能(neng)(neng)代(dai)替的(de)，它雖然不(bu)是(shi)獨立完成一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，但(dan)卻(que)是(shi)一(yi)個重(zhong)要的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，特別是(shi)石方(fang)開(kai)(kai)挖、礦(kuang)山(shan)(shan)開(kai)(kai)采等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)缺少了這個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)還不(bu)行。中國(guo)目前有發達的(de)鐵路(lu)(lu)和(he)公路(lu)(lu)交(jiao)通網(wang)，可以(yi)想(xiang)象，當初(chu)在修(xiu)這些路(lu)(lu)的(de)時(shi)候會遇到許多(duo)高山(shan)(shan)峻(jun)嶺，一(yi)座大山(shan)(shan)橫在兩地之間，想(xiang)要修(xiu)路(lu)(lu)，就必須(xu)讓這座山(shan)(shan)消失，這個時(shi)候聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)(bao)破就起到決(jue)定性作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)了。