在建(jian)造隧(sui)道(dao)(dao)的(de)時候，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)首(shou)先想(xiang)到(dao)的(de)個方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，就是使(shi)用(yong)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，開山挖隧(sui)道(dao)(dao)修(xiu)路，常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)需(xu)要使(shi)用(yong)數以(yi)噸計的(de)炸，炸的(de)威(wei)力(li)十分巨(ju)大(da)，但是在炸完(wan)之后，空氣中全(quan)是煙塵，根本(ben)無(wu)法進(jin)入，另(ling)外常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)炸出來(lai)的(de)輪廓線凹(ao)凸不平，后期常(chang)常(chang)需(xu)要工(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)進(jin)一步修(xiu)補輪廓線才(cai)能(neng)進(jin)行(xing)下一道(dao)(dao)工(gong)序，耗(hao)時耗(hao)力(li)，那(nei)么有沒(mei)有其他的(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)(bi)常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)更好呢？2018年3月，央視(shi)報道(dao)(dao)了一場隧(sui)道(dao)(dao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)對比(bi)(bi)實驗，實驗采用(yong)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，滴(di)喲中是使(shi)用(yong)炸的(de)常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，第(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)則是國人(ren)(ren)(ren)新發(fa)明的(de)聚能(neng)水壓光面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，隨著聲聲巨(ju)響，這場對比(bi)(bi)試驗的(de)結(jie)果超乎所有人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)意(yi)料(liao)，聚能(neng)水壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)爆(bao)炸效(xiao)果更好，而且爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)產生的(de)水霧能(neng)將煙塵覆蓋，起到(dao)降塵的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，這項爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)新方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)得到(dao)了觀眾們(men)的(de)認可。

專業礦用型雙向聚能管水壓光面爆破技術，是在水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同，但在周邊眼中安裝專用聚能管裝置替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，利用聚能管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用，形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面，對控制超欠挖具有良好效果，有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。六安礦用型雙向聚能管科學合理地利用能(neng)(neng)源，提高能(neng)(neng)源利用效(xiao)率，對節能(neng)(neng)減排也(ye)十(shi)分重要。利用聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管兩端的(de)(de)水平(ping)開出的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)射流效(xiao)應(ying)對巖石進行破碎(sui)。據(ju)專家測算，由(you)于聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管兩端聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)切割效(xiao)應(ying)，其能(neng)(neng)效(xiao)比(bi)提升(sheng)一個量級。

我國于(yu)1983年(nian)制定(ding)了(le)(le)《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)行基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，在(zai)(zai)(zai)水利水電建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)已成為必(bi)須進行的保護邊(bian)(bian)坡質量的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)開挖技(ji)術(shu)(shu)措施(shi)(shi)。此后在(zai)(zai)(zai)此基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)上修(xiu)訂的《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以(yi)及在(zai)(zai)(zai)《水電水利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中(zhong)(zhong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)均被編入并(bing)有所(suo)改(gai)進，DL／T 5135—2001正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)修(xiu)編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)(tie)道部也不僅規定(ding)了(le)(le)凡(fan)是(shi)Ⅲ級以(yi)上的巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)邊(bian)(bian)坡，設(she)計(ji)邊(bian)(bian)坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)(zai)(zai)邊(bian)(bian)坡部位的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計(ji)和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應采用光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)或(huo)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)，并(bing)闡(chan)述(shu)了(le)(le)光(guang)面(預裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)設(she)計(ji)的原則和(he)參(can)數、安全措施(shi)(shi)，而(er)且還(huan)明(ming)確(que)了(le)(le)路(lu)塹邊(bian)(bian)坡光(guang)面(預裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)項目質量驗(yan)收檢(jian)測數量和(he)檢(jian)測方法。無疑該規程(cheng)的實施(shi)(shi)，有力地推動和(he)促進了(le)(le)光(guang)面(預裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)的應用與(yu)發展。

是由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)、前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)、后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)為(wei)塑(su)性材料制成，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)小于正常炮眼(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)，長度可(ke)隨爆破需(xu)要生產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)兩(liang)端各有外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)端外(wai)(wai)螺(luo)紋(wen)間有一(yi)縱(zong)向切(qie)縫(feng)，切(qie)縫(feng)間等距有加強(qiang)筋，前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)呈傘(san)(san)狀，傘(san)(san)形(xing)尖有一(yi)光(guang)孔(kong)，兩(liang)側直壁內(nei)徑(jing)有螺(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)前(qian)端螺(luo)紋(wen)配合，帽(mao)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)為(wei)一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)直徑(jing)大于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)，與前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)一(yi)致，后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)內(nei)徑(jing)有螺(luo)紋(wen)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)后(hou)(hou)端螺(luo)紋(wen)配合。可(ke)根據炮眼(yan)深度采用(yong)合適的聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，不需(xu)其他工具幫助送入炮眼(yan)，切(qie)縫(feng)方向準(zhun)確，兩(liang)端的前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽(mao)和后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)徑(jing)與炮眼(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)一(yi)致，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)同心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向準(zhun)確。且(qie)利于工業(ye)化生產(chan)，作業(ye)安全

光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技術優勢(shi)：相對于傳(chuan)統爆(bao)破(po)工藝(yi)，聚能管(guan)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)比常規(gui)爆(bao)破(po)具有以(yi)下優勢(shi)∶少(shao)(shao)打(da)眼，少(shao)(shao)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)。節約周邊(bian)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)量50%，總鉆(zhan)孔(kong)進(jin)尺(chi)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)30%；節約炸(zha)藥(yao)10～20%，雷管(guan)30%。節約噴(pen)漿料15-20%。節省(sheng)時間∶每循環(huan)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)、裝(zhuang)藥(yao)、噴(pen)漿時間1.5-2.0小時。在安全方(fang)面(mian)(mian)利用(yong)水(shui)沙袋替代炮泥(ni)，以(yi)避免搗(dao)炮泥(ni)損毀電雷管(guan)導線，造成(cheng)瞎(xia)炮。大(da)大(da)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)對圍巖(yan)擾(rao)動，光(guang)面(mian)(mian)效果好，巖(yan)性(xing)條件(jian)差(cha)情(qing)(qing)況下可以(yi)大(da)大(da)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)超挖量，控制巷(xiang)道成(cheng)型；巖(yan)性(xing)完整(zheng)無節理情(qing)(qing)況下眼痕率可以(yi)達到(dao)90%以(yi)上，巷(xiang)道成(cheng)型好，穩定性(xing)強。布孔(kong)方(fang)式優化(hua)成(cheng)多排掏槽布孔(kong)，單次(ci)掘(jue)進(jin)深度可以(yi)優化(hua)提高10%到(dao)15%不等。由于炮孔(kong)數量大(da)大(da)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)可以(yi)考慮一起(qi)全斷面(mian)(mian)起(qi)爆(bao)，節省(sheng)放炮時間。

火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)傳(chuan)遞火(huo)(huo)(huo)焰點(dian)燃火(huo)(huo)(huo)雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥。這(zhe)種起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)所需(xu)的(de)材料(liao)有(you)：導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)材料(liao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)操作簡(jian)單(dan)、靈活，使用(yong)方便，成本較低(di)，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于小型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破和(he)(he)掘進。由于導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)(huo)(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)速燃、緩燃等弊(bi)病，在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中事(shi)故所占比重最大。不能多(duo)處裝(zhuang)藥同時(shi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)，用(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)直(zhi)接(jie)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥包的(de)方法(fa)叫導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。先用(yong)雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)，當導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳(chuan)至炸藥包時(shi)，將炸藥引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需(xu)要(yao)延時(shi)分段(duan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)中接(jie)入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，就能達到(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)毫秒(miao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破的(de)目的(de)。這(zhe)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破法(fa)所需(xu)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料(liao)有(you)：雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)和(he)(he)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常用(yong)的(de)有(you)：串聯、簇并聯、單(dan)向分段(duan)并聯和(he)(he)雙向分段(duan)并聯等。