在工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)。它(ta)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)器材有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管、導(dao)線(xian)和(he)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接形式，要(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性、所(suo)選(xuan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)及其(qi)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力等進行選(xuan)擇，基本(ben)連(lian)(lian)接方式有(you)：串聯(lian)(lian)、并聯(lian)(lian)、串并聯(lian)(lian)和(he)并串聯(lian)(lian)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)較安(an)全、可靠、準(zhun)確、高效等優點，在國(guo)內(nei)外仍占有(you)較大比重。在大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主(zhu)要(yao)仍是(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)在有(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)干擾而發(fa)生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，不能(neng)使用(yong)普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管。

我(wo)國20世紀(ji)60年代利用(yong)(yong)(yong)斷(duan)裂力學對巖(yan)石損傷引起的裂紋擴(kuo)展(zhan)進(jin)行過試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)研(yan)究，為(wei)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)爆破(po)技(ji)術應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)工(gong)程做(zuo)了(le)不少理論(lun)分(fen)析，也取得(de)一些進(jin)展(zhan)。80年代中期開始進(jin)行應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)究，以北京礦(kuang)業學院為(wei)代表，著重研(yan)究了(le)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥包切割饑理和應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。1987年淮南礦(kuang)業學院取得(de)“雙(shuang)(shuang)面切割器(qi)”的zhuanli，1995年又取得(de)“大理石花崗巖(yan)切割技(ji)術應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”zhuanli。1991年中國水電七局(ju)曾試(shi)(shi)圖采用(yong)(yong)(yong)硬質紙加工(gong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)成形聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)藥卷(juan)做(zuo)過聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)預裂爆破(po)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)研(yan)究，但終因(yin)當(dang)時的技(ji)術及工(gong)藝水平(ping)的限(xian)制無法用(yong)(yong)(yong)于正常(chang)施工(gong)，但是(shi)他們開了(le)橢圓雙(shuang)(shuang)極線性(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)結構(gou)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的先河(he)。雙(shuang)(shuang)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)預裂與光面爆破(po)綜合技(ji)術開創輪廓控(kong)制爆破(po)新時代。

使(shi)用(yong)單位(wei)或經(jing)銷(xiao)商在(zai)日常(chang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)中使(shi)用(yong)搜索(suo)引(yin)擎搜索(suo)生產廠商并(bing)(bing)購(gou)(gou)買產品已經(jing)成為很多企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和經(jing)銷(xiao)商的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)手(shou)段(duan)。根據我們從事(shi)網絡營銷(xiao)的(de)經(jing)歷，總結出(chu)以下幾點(dian)注意事(shi)項(xiang)，希望能對采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)的(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)起到一些幫助作(zuo)用(yong)。1、采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)的(de)產品型號規格(ge)、質量標(biao)(biao)準、技術參數應與(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)計劃相符(fu)。2、采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)產品時，就是通過(guo)搜索(suo)引(yin)擎搜索(suo)自己需求的(de)產品，找出(chu)生產和銷(xiao)售該產品的(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，然后查看該生產企(qi)業(ye)(ye)網站是否經(jing)過(guo)其所在(zai)省份工(gong)信廳(ting)備(bei)案，并(bing)(bing)登(deng)錄查驗。3、查看該生產企(qi)業(ye)(ye)網站欄目配置、欄目內容是否足夠(gou)專業(ye)(ye)，如大量出(chu)現與(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)產品無(wu)(wu)關、雜(za)亂無(wu)(wu)章的(de)，聯系地址標(biao)(biao)明xxx工(gong)業(ye)(ye)區(qu)、示范園而沒有(you)路牌號的(de)，只有(you)手(shou)機號碼而沒有(you)固定(ding)電話(hua)、傳真地的(de)，足可認定(ding)該生產企(qi)業(ye)(ye)為非正規的(de)家(jia)庭作(zuo)坊，不宜作(zuo)為采(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)(gou)對象。

我國于1983年制定了《水工建筑物巖行基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，爆破多向聚能管廠家在水利水電建設中預裂爆破與光面爆破已成為必須進行的保護邊坡質量的爆破開挖技術措施。此后在此基礎上修訂的《水工建筑物巖石基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(SL 47一1994)以及在《水電水利爆破工程施工技術規范》(DL／T 5135—2001)和《水工建筑物巖石基礎開挖工程施工技術規范》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預裂爆破與光面爆破均被編入并有所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在修編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部也不僅規定了凡是Ⅲ級以上的巖石邊坡，設計邊坡坡度為1：0．1～1：0．75，專用爆破多向聚能管在邊坡(po)部位的(de)爆(bao)破設計和(he)(he)施(shi)工都應采(cai)用光(guang)(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)破或預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)爆(bao)破，并(bing)闡(chan)述了光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破施(shi)工技(ji)術設計的(de)原則和(he)(he)參數(shu)、安(an)全措(cuo)施(shi)，而且還明(ming)確了路塹(qian)邊坡(po)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破項(xiang)目(mu)質量(liang)驗收檢測數(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)檢測方法(fa)。無(wu)疑該規程的(de)實(shi)施(shi)，有(you)力(li)地推動和(he)(he)促(cu)進了光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)(lie)(lie))爆(bao)破技(ji)術在鐵路建設中的(de)應用與發展。

在鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)、礦山(shan)、水庫等大(da)型工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中，爆破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)關鍵很(hen)重要(yao)。采(cai)礦修路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)山(shan)挖(wa)(wa)隧道，城市(shi)對舊建筑物的(de)(de)(de)(de)拆(chai)除，都(dou)會用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)(dao)(dao)爆破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)。隨著(zhu)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)增多(duo)(duo)，爆破(po)(po)(po)引起(qi)了(le)人(ren)們更多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注(zhu)。爆破(po)(po)(po)聚(ju)能(neng)管作為(wei)一種科學技(ji)術(shu)，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)很(hen)廣，但在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無疑是重要(yao)、常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)，采(cai)礦開(kai)山(shan)，修鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉆爆法來開(kai)掘隧道，水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一些，城市(shi)里面也使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)，拆(chai)除樓房。利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)炸(zha)爆炸(zha)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)能(neng)量破(po)(po)(po)壞某種物體的(de)(de)(de)(de)原結(jie)構，這種"破(po)(po)(po)壞"效果不是其(qi)他方(fang)法能(neng)代替的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它雖然不是獨(du)立完成一個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，但卻是一個(ge)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，特別是石(shi)方(fang)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)、礦山(shan)開(kai)采(cai)等工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)缺少(shao)了(le)這個(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)還不行。中國目(mu)前有發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)和公(gong)路(lu)(lu)交通網，可以想象，當初在修這些路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)會遇到(dao)(dao)(dao)許多(duo)(duo)高山(shan)峻(jun)嶺(ling)，一座大(da)山(shan)橫(heng)在兩地(di)之間，想要(yao)修路(lu)(lu)，就必須讓這座山(shan)消失，這個(ge)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)聚(ju)能(neng)管爆破(po)(po)(po)就起(qi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)決定性(xing)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、前錐(zhui)形(xing)定格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、后(hou)定格(ge)堵構成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)為(wei)塑性材料制(zhi)成(cheng)，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑小于(yu)正常炮眼內徑，長度可隨爆(bao)破需(xu)要生(sheng)(sheng)產，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)端(duan)各有(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)，兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺紋(wen)間有(you)一(yi)縱(zong)向(xiang)切縫，切縫間等距有(you)加強筋，前錐(zhui)形(xing)定格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)呈傘狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，傘形(xing)尖(jian)有(you)一(yi)光孔(kong)，兩(liang)側直壁內徑有(you)螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑前端(duan)螺紋(wen)配合(he)，帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，后(hou)定格(ge)堵為(wei)一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑直徑大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑，與(yu)前錐(zhui)形(xing)定格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑一(yi)致(zhi)，后(hou)定格(ge)堵內徑有(you)螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑后(hou)端(duan)螺紋(wen)配合(he)。可根據炮眼深度采用(yong)合(he)適(shi)的聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他(ta)工具(ju)幫助送入炮眼，切縫方(fang)向(xiang)準(zhun)確，兩(liang)端(duan)的前錐(zhui)形(xing)定格(ge)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)和后(hou)定格(ge)堵外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑與(yu)炮眼內徑一(yi)致(zhi)，保(bao)證聚能(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)同心(xin)，定向(xiang)準(zhun)確。且利于(yu)工業化生(sheng)(sheng)產，作業安全